Hello, I'm Dr. Emerson,
00:00:36.34\00:00:38.18
Medical Director at
Eden Valley Lifestyle Center
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Today, I want to talk
to you about diabetes,
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and the insulin
resistance syndrome.
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We start with a
story about Toni.
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She was a patient who
came in our practice...
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She actually wheeled into
our practice in a wheelchair.
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Now, you wonder
why a wheelchair?
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Well, she didn't have
multiple sclerosis, or polio
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BUT, at 5 feet 3
inches, she weighed 325 pounds.
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She weighed more
than she could lift.
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This is one of the effects of
diabetes type 2 which she had.
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She was on large
doses of insulin,
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about 44 units
of insulin per day.
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A normal pancreas only
produces about 30 units per day
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in a normal person, but
she was requiring even more
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than in a normal
person would require.
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We're going to
find out why shortly.
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She also had
high blood pressure.
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She was on 2 blood
pressure medications,
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and her blood pressure
was still poorly controlled.
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She had high
cholesterol, and was on a
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medication for that as well.
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She was tragically
blind from her diabetes.
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This is one of the
complications from diabetes...
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diabetic retinopathy, and was
not reversible at this point.
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So, she was coming there
for help, and the question is...
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"What should I tell her?"
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Well, I could tell her
the diabetes is genetic
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and there's really nothing
you can do about it, except
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continue to take medications
the rest of your life
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and wait for further
complications such as...
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heart attacks, stroke, kidney
failure necessitating dialysis
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or an amputation from
poor vasculature to her
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lower extremities... and I could
tell her that she was doomed
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to carry the weight
for the rest of her life...
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that she'd need to take
medications for her cholesterol
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and her high blood pressure
for the rest of her life...
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Or, I could tell her about
God's Plan for a healthy body.
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A plan that many
times can eliminate the need
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for medications and improve
and reverse the disease process
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So, what exactly did I tell her?
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Well, first the question
is... "Is diabetes genetic?"
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Well genetics can increase your
predisposition for diabetes.
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BUT, if you make
the right choices,
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you can avoid getting diabetes.
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Now, we look at the
Pima Indians, in America,
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as well as the Pacific Islanders
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They both have a very
HIGH rate of diabetes today...
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However, this
was NOT always true.
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At the turn of the century,
a German endocrinologist
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went to the Pima Indians
and screened them for diabetes.
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This was in 1901, and
out of the whole tribe,
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he could only find 1 diabetic.
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Today, in the Pima
Indians, diabetes is rampant.
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Back in the turn of the century,
they were on a plant-based diet
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and they didn't get the diabetes
that they're getting today
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on the western diet.
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Dr. Murdoch, an endocrinologist
at Loma Linda, says
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"Genetics can load the
gun, but the environment...
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that is the choices WE MAKE
is what pulls the trigger. "
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So, if you make
the right choices,
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even though you have a
predisposition for diabetes,
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you may not get it.
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Now, diabetes has
increased dramatically recently.
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I remember in medical school,
studying about diabetes type 2
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wondering if I'd ever SEE it.
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NOW, just about everybody
I know either has diabetes
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or knows someone
that has diabetes.
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Between 1958, and
1994, a span of 36 years,
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the prevalence of
diagnosed cases of diabetes
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has increased, not just 5
or 10% ... it's increased 500%
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and recent surveys show no sign
of it decreasing or slowing down
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Well, have our genetics
changed in the last 50 years? No
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Have our eating
habits changed? Yes
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Can what we eat cause diabetes?
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That's an important question.
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Can what we eat
actually cause type 2 diabetes?
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Well in 1927, Dr.
Sweeney asked a similar question
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and he did tests to investigate.
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He took several
medical students,
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and he was able to
induce a diabetic state with a
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high fat diet in just 2
days. How did he do this?
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How did he accomplish this?
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Well, first he
tested them for diabetes,
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with a glucose tolerance test.
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He gave them 75 grams of sugar
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and he watched how
high the sugar went.
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The sugar rose from below,
say 100, which was normal.
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It rose, stayed below 150,
and then it slowly came back
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to normal... down below 100.
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This was a normal response,
they did not have diabetes.
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Now, what was
happening in this process,
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when they took the
sugar into the body.
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How did the body regulate sugar?
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As the sugar goes
into the intestines,
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it dissolves and
goes into the bloodstream,
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and the blood sugar rises.
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The pancreas senses
that, releases insulin,
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and insulin acts
like a little key.
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It goes to all the
cells in your body,
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and it unlocks the
doors to the cells.
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The sugar then leaves the blood,
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goes into the
cells, and gets burned
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and that brings
your blood sugars down.
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And that's the way
it's supposed to work...
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And that's the way it
was working with these
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medical students.
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Then he tried his experiment.
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He gave them 2
days of a high fat diet,
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that's olive oil, butter,
mayonnaise made with egg yolks
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and 20% cream...
then he re-tested them.
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He gave them the
75 grams of glucose,
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and in 4 out of
6 of the patients,
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the blood sugars rose, and
they ran between 150 and 200
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before coming back down...
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That's called
insulin resistance.
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The blood sugars were
going higher than normal.
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It's a prediabetic state.
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In the other 2, at 2
hours, the blood sugars
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were still above 200,
and that's a diabetic state
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...That's the criteria
we use to diagnose diabetes.
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What actually had happened?
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What was causing
them to be in this state?
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Well what happened was,
the fats that they were taking
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from these foods, these
animal products was going into
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the bloodstream, and
plugging up the keyholes-
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those insulin receptors.
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So NOW when they
took a sugar or starch,
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their blood sugar went
UP, insulin was released,
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and couldn't
get in the keyholes.
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The door stayed shut,
and the blood sugars rose
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because they
had nowhere to go...
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and this is
insulin resistance...
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and it eventually
leads to diabetes.
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Well, at the time of Dr. Sweeney
many people surmised that
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because the blood
sugars are elevated,
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maybe the real problem is
too much sugar or starches
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which break down into sugar...
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Maybe too much sugar
and starch in the diet.
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Was this what was the problem?
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Well, he decided to do a
preliminary test to check for it
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He took some more medical
students who were usually
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eager subjects, and he
gave them 2 days of a very high
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sugary diet... lots
of high simple sugars,
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and complex carbohydrates
such as sugar, candy, pastries,
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white bread, baked potatoes,
syrup, bananas, rice, oatmeal,
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and then he re-tested them.
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When he re-tested them,
00:08:10.52\00:08:11.97
he gave them 75
grams of glucose.
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He watched how high
the blood sugar rose...
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started below 100
which was normal...
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It rose, and stayed below
150 and came back to normal.
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This was a normal response...
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They did not have
insulin resistance.
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So, simply put, the
sugars, and the starches
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were not able to induce
this insulin resistance state.
00:08:29.23\00:08:35.09
So, up to this
point, the simple message is
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"You can make someone diabetic
with lots of fats and oils,
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particularly
the animal products,
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and you can cure, or reverse
this process in early diabetics
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by eliminating
those fats and oils. "
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And also, sugar
doesn't seem to be the primary
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cause of the primary
problem in diabetics.
00:08:54.11\00:08:57.92
Well, in 1973, Dr. Anderson
wanted to confirm these tests.
00:08:57.95\00:09:03.25
He is a world
authority on diabetes,
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and he essentially repeated
Dr. Sweeney's experiments
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and he was able to turn
lean, healthy individuals,
00:09:09.48\00:09:11.94
into mild diabetics
in less than 2 weeks...
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by giving them a diet in which
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65% of the
calories came from fats.
00:09:16.14\00:09:20.10
He then wanted to
confirm the sugar question,
00:09:20.13\00:09:25.83
or find an answer
to the sugar question,
00:09:25.86\00:09:27.46
so he decided to give them
not just a LITTLE bit of sugar
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but he gave them a
pound of sugar a day...
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That was, you know, 5 pounds
of sugar is about that much...
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A pound would be
about that much sugar...
00:09:36.83\00:09:38.77
a huge amount of
sugar on a daily basis.
00:09:38.80\00:09:41.51
He tried this for
1 week, 2 weeks...
00:09:41.54\00:09:43.92
He went actually 11 weeks,
and at the end of 11 weeks,
00:09:43.95\00:09:48.15
he was not able to produce even
1 mildly diabetic individual.
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All the glucose tolerance tests
were still in the normal range
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And he concluded that, again,
sugar doesn't appear to be the
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primary problem in diabetes.
00:09:58.05\00:10:01.27
Dr. Bronzo asked a
similar question about sugar.
00:10:01.30\00:10:05.30
He took subjects
with mild diabetes,
00:10:05.33\00:10:09.16
and he changed them
from a diet containing 45%
00:10:09.19\00:10:13.03
simple sugars to one
containing 85% sugars.
00:10:13.06\00:10:17.83
He was unable to
produce diabetes in those,
00:10:17.86\00:10:22.98
and actually, with those
mild diabetics, the blood sugars
00:10:23.01\00:10:26.23
actually dropped...
the fasting sugars dropped.
00:10:26.26\00:10:29.15
So, again, we can induce
the diabetic state with the
00:10:29.18\00:10:34.01
fats and the oils, and we
can help to eliminate that state
00:10:34.04\00:10:37.74
by eliminating
the fats and the oils.
00:10:37.77\00:10:41.17
Sugar is NOT the
primary problem in diabetes.
00:10:41.20\00:10:45.50
Well, let's move out of
the laboratory into real life.
00:10:45.53\00:10:50.21
Let's try Dr.
Sweeney's experiment on NOT just
00:10:50.24\00:10:53.73
a few subjects in the laboratory
00:10:53.76\00:10:56.44
but let's go to a whole island!
00:10:56.47\00:10:59.11
Prior to World War
II, the natives of the
00:10:59.14\00:11:03.38
small
Micronesian island of Nauru
00:11:03.41\00:11:06.05
had a very low
incidence of diabetes.
00:11:06.08\00:11:09.65
They had excellent health.
00:11:09.68\00:11:12.06
Their diet consisted mainly of
bananas, taro which is a root,
00:11:12.09\00:11:16.24
breadfruit, coconuts,
some fresh fish, vegetables.
00:11:16.27\00:11:20.17
Consumption of canned
foods and frozen meats was
00:11:20.20\00:11:26.01
essentially nonexistent...
They didn't have it then.
00:11:26.02\00:11:28.00
After World War II,
however, they found phosphorus
00:11:28.03\00:11:34.35
in the bird dung...
that had been deposited over
00:11:34.38\00:11:36.58
hundreds of years there.
00:11:36.61\00:11:38.93
This was a product that
was in demand in the world
00:11:38.96\00:11:42.75
and they came
and they mined it...
00:11:42.78\00:11:45.67
And they became the richest
per capita nation in the world
00:11:45.70\00:11:49.77
just after World War II.
00:11:49.80\00:11:52.47
What do you do
when you have money?
00:11:52.50\00:11:53.73
Many people will
buy the western diet,
00:11:53.76\00:12:00.16
and start importing the foods...
and this is just what they did
00:12:00.19\00:12:02.68
The consumption of
canned and frozen meats
00:12:02.71\00:12:04.59
fish, sodas and oils
increased dramatically.
00:12:04.62\00:12:07.35
Fat intake increased,
fiber intake decreased...
00:12:07.38\00:12:10.51
Many meals would include
2 or 3 meat dishes per meal.
00:12:10.54\00:12:17.83
Eventually in the
80s, those over age 15,
00:12:17.86\00:12:23.00
1 out of 3 was
diagnosed with diabetes.
00:12:23.03\00:12:26.49
Obesity,
atherosclerotic complications
00:12:26.52\00:12:29.29
became very common.
00:12:29.32\00:12:31.38
The other islands in
Micronesia were also affected
00:12:31.41\00:12:36.06
After World War
II, the U.S. Navy,
00:12:36.09\00:12:40.63
toured the Micronesian Islands,
00:12:40.66\00:12:42.75
they felt an obligation
to address the medical needs
00:12:42.78\00:12:46.95
of those islands after
freeing them from the occupation
00:12:46.96\00:12:49.61
during World War II...
00:12:49.64\00:12:51.91
so they wanted to find
out what the problems were.
00:12:51.94\00:12:53.77
The USS Whidbey toured
those islands and surveyed them,
00:12:53.80\00:12:58.53
and they found that, yes,
they had bacterial diseases...
00:12:58.56\00:13:00.91
They had venereal
diseases, parasitic diseases,
00:13:00.94\00:13:04.17
but they had no
diabetes, high blood pressure,
00:13:04.20\00:13:07.29
obesity, hypertension...
these were not issues for them.
00:13:07.32\00:13:12.39
When I went to Guam in the 90s,
00:13:12.42\00:13:15.12
we served at a little
Seventh-day Adventist clinic
00:13:15.15\00:13:18.42
on the island there...
00:13:18.45\00:13:19.79
By that time, in
1992, diabetes was rampant.
00:13:19.82\00:13:24.09
It was their #1 problem.
00:13:24.12\00:13:26.01
Heart disease
was their #2 problem,
00:13:26.04\00:13:28.07
and we were frequently
flying patients to Hawaii
00:13:28.08\00:13:30.69
for their
cardiac catheterizations,
00:13:30.72\00:13:33.52
and further examinations.
00:13:33.55\00:13:35.24
We went to the
"Nutcracker Suite" at one point
00:13:35.27\00:13:39.54
at the gym there, and
when we went in the gym,
00:13:39.57\00:13:42.28
we got a sense of
the preferences in Guam.
00:13:42.31\00:13:46.20
Food preferences... we
saw a huge banner on the side
00:13:46.23\00:13:48.75
of the gym saying,
"SPAM THE FLAVOR OF GUAM"
00:13:48.78\00:13:53.03
So their dietary
changes had changed dramatically
00:13:53.04\00:13:56.89
in 50 years, and so
had their medical problems.
00:13:56.92\00:14:01.82
Countries that have maintained
a low fat, high fiber diet
00:14:01.85\00:14:04.97
such as the
Africans, some of the Asians,
00:14:05.00\00:14:07.25
some of the Polynesians, still
have a very low incidence of
00:14:07.28\00:14:11.99
diabetes,
hypertension, and heart disease.
00:14:12.02\00:14:15.24
But, as their diet
becomes westernized,
00:14:15.25\00:14:17.52
they develop our
problems as well.
00:14:17.55\00:14:21.41
Well, remember Dr.
Sweeney's experiment
00:14:21.44\00:14:23.36
with the 6 medical students...
00:14:23.37\00:14:24.66
A high fat diet was able to
turn them into early diabetics
00:14:24.69\00:14:29.03
in just 2 days.
00:14:29.06\00:14:30.61
What if you took a whole
nation and gave them the same
00:14:30.64\00:14:33.67
high fat diet... What
would you expect to produce?
00:14:33.70\00:14:36.88
You think diabetes
would become rampant?
00:14:36.91\00:14:38.85
Yes, you would expect that,
00:14:38.86\00:14:41.34
and that is what we're
finding in America today...
00:14:41.37\00:14:43.90
And that's why the
large increase in diabetes
00:14:43.93\00:14:47.72
that we see is occurring.
00:14:47.75\00:14:49.85
Well, up to this point,
we've seen that fat causes
00:14:49.88\00:14:56.29
insulin resistance by plugging
up the insulin receptors.
00:14:56.32\00:14:59.37
We've seen that insulin
resistance leads eventually
00:14:59.38\00:15:01.55
to diabetes.
00:15:01.56\00:15:02.90
Is insulin
resistance a NEW concept...
00:15:02.93\00:15:05.77
or is this something
we've known about for a while?
00:15:05.80\00:15:08.08
Actually, it was
first discovered in 1935
00:15:08.09\00:15:10.87
by Sir Harold
Himsworth, physician at the
00:15:10.90\00:15:14.73
University Hospital in London.
00:15:14.76\00:15:17.65
What he found was that
the insulin requirements of
00:15:17.68\00:15:22.26
the diabetics changed based on
how much fat they were getting
00:15:22.29\00:15:25.64
If they had a high fat diet,
00:15:25.67\00:15:27.12
he would have to increase
their insulin doses to cover it
00:15:27.15\00:15:29.95
If they were on a low fat diet,
he could reduce the insulin
00:15:29.98\00:15:33.77
doses that were needed to
control their blood sugars.
00:15:33.80\00:15:37.13
In 1964, Dr. Felber again
demonstrated the effects of
00:15:37.16\00:15:42.93
high fat on insulin resistance.
00:15:42.96\00:15:45.01
He found that
on a high fat diet,
00:15:45.04\00:15:47.66
nondiabetics'
insulin levels raised by 35%.
00:15:47.69\00:15:52.95
Now why would this occur?
00:15:52.98\00:15:54.84
Well, what happened was,
when you're on a high fat diet,
00:15:54.85\00:15:57.17
the insulin receptors
become plugged up with insulin,
00:15:57.20\00:16:00.22
the pancreas says, "You know
the normal 30 units of insulin
00:16:00.25\00:16:03.59
a day that I'm normally
secreting is not working...
00:16:03.62\00:16:06.92
I've got this insulin resistance
what am I going to do?"
00:16:06.95\00:16:10.64
"I'll do the only thing I can
do, I can release more insulin"
00:16:10.67\00:16:14.27
So the pancreas
would release more insulin,
00:16:14.30\00:16:16.57
overcome the insulin resistance
bring the sugars down,
00:16:16.60\00:16:19.48
but at the cost of
higher insulin levels...
00:16:19.51\00:16:21.91
And that's why the insulin
levels on a high fat diet
00:16:21.94\00:16:24.35
increase, and in this
test they increased by 35%.
00:16:24.38\00:16:28.85
When subjects on the high fat
diet were tested by Dr. Felber,
00:16:28.86\00:16:36.46
they also fell
into the diabetic range.
00:16:36.49\00:16:38.91
Later, studies done
on animals confirmed...
00:16:38.94\00:16:43.75
in over 34 animal studies that
00:16:43.78\00:16:46.33
"Yes, a high fat diet
does induce insulin resistance"
00:16:46.36\00:16:50.75
The drug companies that make
medication pills for diabetes
00:16:50.78\00:16:57.75
they have to test
their drugs on diabetic rats
00:16:57.78\00:17:01.23
Do you think the drug
companies are aware of
00:17:01.26\00:17:03.82
this insulin resistance problem?
00:17:03.85\00:17:05.75
Well actually, they are because
00:17:05.78\00:17:07.98
to test the drug on
diabetic rats, they have to
00:17:08.01\00:17:10.78
get diabetic rats...
00:17:10.81\00:17:11.98
Now, last I checked Wal-Mart
does not sell diabetic rats!
00:17:11.99\00:17:16.11
...So where do they
get their diabetic rats?
00:17:16.14\00:17:18.39
They have to make them diabetic.
00:17:18.42\00:17:20.18
And they know how
to make them diabetic.
00:17:20.21\00:17:22.31
Very efficiently, they take
a normal rat, and they feed it
00:17:22.34\00:17:25.66
a diet 60% lard, and in several
weeks they've got diabetic rats.
00:17:25.69\00:17:31.55
This is a reproducible effect,
00:17:31.58\00:17:34.75
and it's a very
dependable effect and can
00:17:34.78\00:17:36.63
guarantee them their
supply of test animals.
00:17:36.66\00:17:39.80
Since then, also 15 recent human
studies have also confirmed
00:17:39.83\00:17:45.76
that a high fat diet
causes insulin resistance.
00:17:45.79\00:17:49.55
So, up to this point in time,
insulin resistance had been
00:17:49.58\00:17:54.21
reported basically
with high fat diets.
00:17:54.24\00:17:57.09
Major fat sources were
either high saturated fats,
00:17:57.12\00:18:00.14
or hydrogenated fats,
or polyunsaturated fats.
00:18:00.17\00:18:03.00
Work after 1986, started
to look more specifically at
00:18:03.03\00:18:06.63
what fats were more
harmful than others,
00:18:06.66\00:18:09.96
and they've also found
that the prediabetic state,
00:18:09.99\00:18:17.98
the state just before diabetes,
00:18:18.01\00:18:20.42
caused problems as
well as diabetes itself.
00:18:20.45\00:18:26.24
People may say, "Well, the
doctor says I'm not diabetic,
00:18:26.27\00:18:30.13
but I just have
some insulin resistance,
00:18:30.16\00:18:33.96
or I have an
impaired fasting glucose. "
00:18:33.99\00:18:36.69
"Am I at risk?"
00:18:36.72\00:18:38.60
What they found was
that, yes, you ARE at risk.
00:18:38.63\00:18:41.35
Individuals with insulin
resistance, or syndrome X
00:18:41.38\00:18:43.90
had a markedly increased
risk of heart disease...
00:18:43.93\00:18:46.18
and this was found in a
00:18:46.21\00:18:48.70
prospective epidemiological
study of 970 men with
00:18:48.73\00:18:52.22
no heart disease who
were followed for 22 years
00:18:52.25\00:18:55.49
in the presence
of hyperinsulinemia.
00:18:55.52\00:18:58.39
Now, again, higher insulin
levels mean that the pancreas
00:18:58.42\00:19:01.99
is working harder to
overcome insulin resistance...
00:19:02.02\00:19:03.95
So it's in evidence that there
is insulin resistance present.
00:19:03.98\00:19:06.32
In those people, they had
higher risks of heart disease
00:19:06.35\00:19:11.58
and death from heart disease.
00:19:11.61\00:19:13.72
This was illustrated in a
prospective epidemiological
00:19:13.75\00:19:17.66
study of 970 men with
no known heart disease
00:19:17.69\00:19:21.28
who were followed for 22 years.
00:19:21.31\00:19:23.61
The presence of hyperinsulinemia
was associated with
00:19:23.64\00:19:27.38
increased risk of a
major coronary event,
00:19:27.41\00:19:29.47
either death, or
nonfatal heart attack.
00:19:29.50\00:19:31.96
Now, they measured
the insulin levels...
00:19:31.97\00:19:34.81
That's the most
sensitive test to determine
00:19:34.84\00:19:36.78
if you have insulin resistance.
00:19:36.81\00:19:38.15
What happens is... The
first thing that happens is
00:19:38.18\00:19:39.99
the insulin levels rise, and
keep the blood sugars controlled
00:19:40.02\00:19:44.01
Only when the pancreas
can no longer compensate
00:19:44.04\00:19:46.43
adequately, do
the blood sugars rise.
00:19:46.46\00:19:48.49
So they had evidence of insulin
resistance by the fact that
00:19:48.52\00:19:51.53
the insulin levels were higher,
00:19:51.56\00:19:53.31
and those higher insulin
levels showed insulin resistance
00:19:53.34\00:19:56.53
indeed was present,
and increased their risk
00:19:56.56\00:19:58.71
of heart attacks, and
death from heart attacks.
00:19:58.74\00:20:01.54
Studies showing the
prevalence of diabetes with age
00:20:01.57\00:20:05.28
showed that by age
65, 45% of Americans had
00:20:05.29\00:20:10.34
either diabetes, prediabetes,
or undiagnosed diabetes.
00:20:10.37\00:20:14.20
That's almost half!
00:20:14.23\00:20:17.73
So, if a patient says, "You
know I'm at risk for diabetes
00:20:17.76\00:20:22.36
because one of my
parents has diabetes,
00:20:22.39\00:20:24.22
actually statically, one of your
parents probably should have
00:20:24.25\00:20:29.38
diabetes if they're over 65...
00:20:29.41\00:20:32.31
As almost half of the population
has diabetes or prediabetes.
00:20:32.34\00:20:38.12
In 1988, Dr. Raven coined
a term called "syndrome X"
00:20:38.15\00:20:45.29
What he found was that
diabetes doesn't come alone...
00:20:45.32\00:20:50.45
It doesn't come by itself...
00:20:50.48\00:20:51.70
that this insulin resistance not
only causes high blood sugars,
00:20:51.73\00:20:54.74
but ALSO causes
high blood pressure,
00:20:54.77\00:20:58.11
causes an
elevation of triglycerides,
00:20:58.14\00:21:00.82
it lowers the good
cholesterol, the HDLs
00:21:00.85\00:21:05.72
and it can cause obesity.
00:21:05.75\00:21:08.95
This addition of obesity
was added somewhat later.
00:21:08.98\00:21:13.75
If you have 3 of any of the
following parts of the package,
00:21:13.78\00:21:18.79
you have the insulin
resistance syndrome...
00:21:18.80\00:21:22.61
And this includes either a
fasting blood sugar above 100,
00:21:22.64\00:21:26.90
abdominal obesity...
00:21:26.93\00:21:29.13
For men, that's the
waistline above 40...
00:21:29.16\00:21:31.98
or for women, above 35.
00:21:32.01\00:21:34.39
If you have hypertension,
that is a blood pressure
00:21:34.42\00:21:38.31
above 130 or diastolic
above 85, that's another factor.
00:21:38.32\00:21:43.62
Or if you have
high triglycerides...
00:21:43.65\00:21:45.85
that the fat in the blood.
00:21:45.88\00:21:46.91
If it's above or equal to
150, or if you have a low HDL
00:21:46.94\00:21:52.78
below 40... any 3 of
those puts you in the syndrome X
00:21:52.81\00:21:58.56
category and puts you at
increased risk for heart disease
00:21:58.59\00:22:03.56
How common is syndrome X?
00:22:03.59\00:22:06.06
Well, the young
from ages 20 to 29,
00:22:06.09\00:22:09.31
have a very low
prevalence, 6.7% but middle-aged
00:22:09.34\00:22:14.57
people from ages
60-69, the prevalence is
00:22:14.60\00:22:17.89
very high, about 43.5%
00:22:17.92\00:22:21.59
Just like the previous
study on insulin resistance
00:22:21.62\00:22:23.88
prevalence of
syndrome X generally increases
00:22:23.91\00:22:26.19
with the amount of
time on the American diet.
00:22:26.22\00:22:28.77
The prevalence of the syndrome
X in 4,000 Scandinavians
00:22:28.78\00:22:32.67
varied based on their
glucose tolerance tests.
00:22:32.70\00:22:35.32
If they had a normal
glucose tolerance test,
00:22:35.33\00:22:37.37
the risk of having
any 3 of those 5 symptoms
00:22:37.38\00:22:40.33
was less than 10%.
00:22:40.36\00:22:42.53
If they had an
ABNORMAL glucose tolerance,
00:22:42.56\00:22:44.58
a prediabetic
state, it rose to 50%.
00:22:44.61\00:22:47.55
If they had diabetes, they
had an 80% chance of having
00:22:47.59\00:22:51.54
3 of those 5 symptoms.
00:22:51.58\00:22:54.84
In subjects with
the metabolic syndrome,
00:22:54.87\00:22:57.18
the risk of heart disease
and stroke was increased 3-fold.
00:22:57.21\00:23:01.27
Heart disease mortality
was was markedly increased
00:23:01.28\00:23:04.11
up to 12% versus 2.2%,
compared with subjects that
00:23:04.14\00:23:08.87
did not have syndrome X.
00:23:08.90\00:23:11.42
Well, can I give
syndrome X to rats?
00:23:11.43\00:23:15.96
Now, we know that we can
give insulin resistance to rats,
00:23:15.99\00:23:18.32
but can I give them this whole
syndrome X metabolic picture?
00:23:18.35\00:23:21.66
Yes, we can...
00:23:21.69\00:23:23.37
They did this on
a test with rats.
00:23:23.40\00:23:26.66
They fed them a HIGH fat
diet, 32% lard, 18% corn oil,
00:23:26.69\00:23:32.48
27% sucrose, with 23%
casein which is a milk protein
00:23:32.51\00:23:38.96
and in 4 weeks, they had 35%
DECREASE in insulin sensitivity.
00:23:38.99\00:23:43.02
By 8 weeks, they had a 60%
drop in insulin sensitivity
00:23:43.05\00:23:47.53
on the same diet...
00:23:47.56\00:23:49.12
Which shows that
if the diet is poor,
00:23:49.15\00:23:51.03
and if it's continued,
insulin resistance continues
00:23:51.06\00:23:55.88
to increase with time.
00:23:55.91\00:23:59.46
The high fat diet produced
00:23:59.49\00:24:02.01
the insulin resistance as
WELL as abdominal obesity,
00:24:02.04\00:24:06.44
with a significant increase
in abdominal fat occurring
00:24:06.47\00:24:09.32
as soon as 4 weeks,
and continuing to rise.
00:24:09.33\00:24:12.45
Note again that abdominal
obesity continued to increase
00:24:12.48\00:24:15.55
with time on that same diet.
00:24:15.58\00:24:18.42
This is the second component of
the insulin resistance syndrome.
00:24:18.45\00:24:24.06
So they had
higher blood sugars...
00:24:24.09\00:24:26.24
they had abdominal obesity,
00:24:26.27\00:24:28.00
and they also had a
rise in total cholesterol
00:24:28.03\00:24:31.99
in the bad
cholesterol which is the LDL
00:24:32.00\00:24:34.24
and the triglycerides
which is the third part
00:24:34.27\00:24:36.90
of the insulin
resistance syndrome
00:24:36.93\00:24:38.99
So, the insulin resistance
syndrome CAN be reproduced
00:24:39.02\00:24:42.20
in rats fairly simply
with the high fat diet.
00:24:42.23\00:24:45.75
Well, is insulin
resistance syndrome reversible?
00:24:45.78\00:24:49.62
And the good news
is... YES, it is reversible.
00:24:49.63\00:24:52.40
Can a low fat diet
reverse this insulin resistance?
00:24:52.43\00:24:55.74
At the University of
Montreal, Dr. Ravinowitz did a
00:24:55.77\00:24:58.64
5- year control trial with
100 diabetics on a 20% fat diet
00:24:58.67\00:25:03.92
He treated the patients with
a high carbohydrate low fat diet
00:25:03.95\00:25:07.26
What were the results?
00:25:07.29\00:25:08.52
24% were able to stop using the
insulin and returned to normal
00:25:08.55\00:25:12.21
The others reduced
their dosage dramatically.
00:25:12.24\00:25:16.74
The patients, of
course, preferred the diet
00:25:16.75\00:25:18.77
rather than taking
insulin which was pretty much
00:25:18.78\00:25:21.92
the only thing
available at the time.
00:25:21.95\00:25:23.41
In 1955, Dr. Singh put
80 insulin-taking diabetics
00:25:23.44\00:25:27.26
an 11% fat diet
of natural foods.
00:25:27.29\00:25:31.10
What were his results?
00:25:31.11\00:25:32.42
Well in less than 6 weeks, 50%
were off their insulin entirely
00:25:32.45\00:25:36.94
At 18 weeks, all but 12
were off of insulin injections.
00:25:36.95\00:25:40.88
That is 85% were
off their insulin.
00:25:40.91\00:25:43.87
In 1981, Dr. Anderson, a
world authority on diabetes
00:25:43.90\00:25:47.41
took 13 diabetic patients
who were on the ADA diet
00:25:47.44\00:25:50.88
at the time which consisted
of 34% fat and 23% protein
00:25:50.91\00:25:55.81
The ADA diet was stopped.
00:25:55.84\00:25:57.40
They started a 9%
fat diet with high fiber,
00:25:57.43\00:26:01.53
and a very starchy diet.
00:26:01.54\00:26:02.72
Fifty percent of those
taking insulin could stop.
00:26:02.75\00:26:05.64
All those taking
pills could stop.
00:26:05.67\00:26:09.22
Currently he finds that
95% of those taking pills
00:26:09.25\00:26:12.84
can be off all pills in
about less than 8 weeks.
00:26:12.87\00:26:15.90
And 50 to 75% of those taking
insulin can be off in weeks.
00:26:15.93\00:26:20.66
After 1986, not only
were some of the fats found
00:26:20.69\00:26:24.19
to NOT cause insulin resistance,
00:26:24.22\00:26:25.83
but some of the
fats, in low amounts,
00:26:25.84\00:26:28.34
were actually found
to be helpful in lowering
00:26:28.37\00:26:30.21
insulin resistance.
00:26:30.22\00:26:31.30
Saturated fats in
the animal products,
00:26:31.33\00:26:33.42
and the trans fats
were the worst in terms of
00:26:33.45\00:26:36.27
insulin resistance.
00:26:36.30\00:26:37.46
The polyunsaturated
fats in the plants
00:26:37.49\00:26:39.60
actually appear to be
helpful in terms of lowering
00:26:39.63\00:26:42.44
insulin resistance if
taken in their native state.
00:26:42.45\00:26:44.72
Food components that
decrease insulin resistance
00:26:44.75\00:26:47.63
include the Monosaturated fats
00:26:47.66\00:26:49.55
These are the fats found in
the olive oil, in the olives.
00:26:49.58\00:26:54.91
Plants containing
polyunsaturated fats
00:26:54.94\00:26:58.74
included the
safflower, the sunflower,
00:26:58.77\00:27:00.70
and corn and the soybean...
00:27:00.73\00:27:01.98
These were shown to
decrease insulin resistance.
00:27:02.02\00:27:04.67
However, one study
done by "Vesby" showed that
00:27:04.70\00:27:08.29
even if these good fats
are used from the plants
00:27:08.32\00:27:12.18
if the total fat exceeds
37% of the total calories,
00:27:12.21\00:27:15.47
it can become a problem
and cause insulin resistance.
00:27:15.50\00:27:21.18
Fiber was found to
decrease insulin resistance.
00:27:21.21\00:27:23.97
Whole grains from
plants were also found to
00:27:24.00\00:27:27.33
decrease insulin resistance.
00:27:27.36\00:27:28.68
Foods that INCREASE
insulin resistance include
00:27:28.71\00:27:32.60
the saturated fats from
the flesh and the dairy,
00:27:32.63\00:27:34.98
trans fats from
margarines, and shortenings,
00:27:35.01\00:27:38.52
hydrogenated vegetable
fats can also cause problems
00:27:38.55\00:27:43.27
and cause insulin resistance.
00:27:43.30\00:27:44.41
Remember 5% of milk,
butter, and beef are trans fats.
00:27:44.44\00:27:48.60
Cholesterol was also associated
with high insulin resistance.
00:27:48.63\00:27:52.88
So, in summary, we encourage
you to work with your doctor
00:27:52.91\00:27:56.61
If you're changing
your diet, work with him...
00:27:56.64\00:27:59.11
Let him know what
your blood sugars are,
00:27:59.14\00:28:01.24
so that he can
reduce your insulin levels
00:28:01.27\00:28:03.76
as your blood sugars drop.
00:28:03.79\00:28:05.86
I wish you God's blessings
as you embark on a new diet.
00:28:05.89\00:28:09.45
Thank you.
00:28:09.48\00:28:11.36