Hello, and welcome
to "Wonderfully Made"
00:00:38.51\00:00:41.66
Our topic today is
"Crisis Intervention"
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My name is Dr. Stephen Campbell
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and I'll be your host for today
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You don't have to go
very far to realize that
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our world is in a
state of crisis...
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and many individuals are
experiencing terrible times
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You can look at the
daily paper or television
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and see many senseless
killings, teens getting killed
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on their way to prom,
disasters, earthquakes, diseases
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and so forth...
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It is important to keep in
mind that Christians are not
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immune from crises
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And in spite of our religious
beliefs, and our faith in Jesus,
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we are also going to be exposed
to many crises in our lives
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Crisis is something that we
are going to face regardless
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of what we do in our lives
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Some of you who are viewing
this program today may be
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experiencing one...
And trying to determine
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what can I do to
handle this crisis.
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Crisis intervention, of course,
is a very important topic
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because we are all going
to be dealing with someone
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who is in crisis at
some point in the future...
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and we need to
be prepared to help
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Jesus talked about the terrible
things that are going to happen
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before His coming, and it was
felt that before things get good
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...they're going to get
bad, especially for Christians.
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So that we should be ready
to handle crises in our lives
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Crises can be looked
at from 2 perspectives...
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We can look at crises
from a situational perspective
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and we can look at crises
from a developmental perspective
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If you have a sudden
death, or an earthquake,
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or disaster of some kind...
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those types of crises
are considered situational
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There are also
developmental crises...
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and these are the ones where
people experience stress as
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a normal development of life.
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For instance, a child
who is going through puberty
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will experience some crisis...
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Someone who is
going through menopause
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may experience some crisis
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And sometimes, older
adults may experience crisis
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when they are of age.
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It's important to
keep in mind that a crisis
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can affect you in
many different ways
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Stress is usually the
trigger for most of the
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crises in our life...
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And since stress is part
of our lives, we are unable
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to get away from those.
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People can cope with
stress in many different ways...
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They can cope with
it in a positive way,
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or they can cope
with it in a negative way
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The same thing
exists with crises
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If someone is faced with a
crisis, and they attempt to
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solve that problem in a
positive way by reaching out
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for help, or looking
at the pros and cons,
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they are able to come to
the conclusion that will resolve
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the conflict in a positive way.
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Some individuals, however,
may choose to cope with the
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crisis in a negative way, and
may turn to drugs and alcohol
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so that they can cope
with the stress, or somehow
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HIDE from facing those problems.
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Others, may become mentally ill
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because of depression...
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they will no
longer be able to function
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And others, may
even turn to suicide
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Now, some of us may feel
that this topic is not an
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issue for Christians because
our religious beliefs protect us
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from thinking of suicide.
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However, we know that
suicide affects everyone...
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regardless of
age, regardless of sex,
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regardless of nationality.
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I think it would be very
important for us to look at
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some statistics
before we can get a good idea
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as to what's happening as
far as suicide is concerned
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in the world...
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Let us talk briefly
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about this first
set of statistics...
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Most of the deaths that were
reported during the year 2002,
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were deaths that
were verified by suicide.
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But, as you know, there
are many deaths that have been
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categorized as accidental
because of lack of information
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even though they may
have been suicide in nature.
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So these numbers are
somewhat underestimated.
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We'd like to look at the second
set of statistics which is
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coming from the "National
Institute of Mental Health"
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Let us talk briefly
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about this set of statistics...
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Now keep in mind, that
people who die with HIV/AIDS
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in the United States, may
be somewhat limited compared to
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those who die with HIV/AIDS
in other parts of the world
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We do have medications
that help prolong life
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so that is reason to
understand why there may be more
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suicide deaths in the
United States, than those
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who died from HIV/AIDS
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However, this does not hold
for other parts of the world
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where medications
for HIV may be limited
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The next set of statistics
that I would like to talk about
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is coming from the "Center for
Disease Control and Prevention"
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Let's elaborate a
little bit on the statistics
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that has to do
with seasonal disorder.
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Now as you know, wintertime
is the time that the weather
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tends to be gray, and people
tend to become more depressed
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As a matter of fact,
there is something known as
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"seasonal depressive disorder"
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Yet still, suicide
rates are lower in the winter!
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One of the reasons for that
is that people may stay more
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indoors, and spend more
time with family members.
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Whereas, during the spring,
life seemed to be more exciting
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...people have the tendency
of spending more time outside
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and the person who is
feeling depressed and withdrawn
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may feel a
sense of loneliness...
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And that makes the
season a little more prone
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to suicide ideation
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Now, not all
suicide can be prevented...
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But, a lot can be done to
prevent suicide if we understand
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what to look for...
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No 2 individuals react the same
way to a stressful situation...
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And, of course,
we cannot read minds
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So that you cannot
determine exactly what a
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person is going to do
when a crisis presents itself.
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In the United States,
about 90% of all the suicides
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seem to be related to
some type of mental disorder.
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This does not mean that
people who commit suicide
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are mentally ill.
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What that means is that
people who commit suicide
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may experience some of the
same type of emotional suffering
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that someone may have
who is mentally ill...
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especially depression, where
you see a lot of feelings of
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hopelessness,
feelings of helplessness,
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and a sense of despair.
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Not only mental health,
and substance abuse problems
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result in suicide ideation...
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Sometimes deep and disruptive
social factors have an impact
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that can cause the person to
turn to suicide as a solution.
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At present, many of our
young people and young adults
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are dealing with the stress
associated with social factors.
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We have seen a
breakdown in our communities...
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where people in the inner cities
are living in fear because of
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crime and violence
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They feel a sense of
being trapped, and not finding
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any way out.
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We are seeing
breakdown in relationships...
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in divorce in our society.
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Also, people having to
be on the move all the time
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We are seeing also
economic depression,
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and this is worldwide...
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Many people are unemployed.
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Poverty is considered a very
serious problem worldwide...
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And one of the fastest
growing populations right now
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are single mothers.
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We are seeing a lot of
young people who are getting
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an education, and unable
to find jobs where they can
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take care of themselves...
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resulting in having to
live at home with their parents
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and experiencing
a lot of conflicts,
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and end up with a lot
of stress and depression.
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There are also social factors
that are political in nature...
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and these are the ones that will
cause people to become refugees
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These are the ones where you're
going to find ethnic cleansing
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These are the ones where you're
going to find a lot of people
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being persecuted.
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As you can see, social factors
are very important to take
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into consideration when
we start looking at suicide.
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I would like to talk, at
this time, about some of the
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other issues that may
impact a person's life
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and may cause them
to attempt suicide.
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We know that there
are many risk factors,
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and these risk factors are
factors that we are going to be
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exposed to regardless
of who, or where we are.
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For instance, if
there's a death in the family,
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and the person is unable
to look at that objectively,
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and go through the
different stages of grief,
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and move on with their life...
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the death of a loved one
can certainly cause a person
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to consider suicide...
that is definitely a risk factor
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Also, someone who is
suffering from a mental illness,
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and not receiving treatment...
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that can also be a
risk factor for suicide.
00:14:16.67\00:14:21.80
The person who is
feeling totally alone,
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and not feeling
connected with anyone...
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feeling as though they
are not loved by their family,
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friends and relatives...
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can also be at risk
for hurting themselves.
00:14:33.11\00:14:38.56
The person who is unemployed...
00:14:38.59\00:14:42.07
The person who is feeling as
though life doesn't have meaning
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The person who is
depressed most of the time and
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withdrawn from society...
00:14:50.66\00:14:52.77
The person who feels that life
is worthless is also someone
00:14:52.80\00:14:57.14
who could be at
risk for suicide.
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There are also what I
call positive factors in the
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person's life that can prevent
them from thinking about suicide
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When there is a
certain amount of connectedness
00:15:08.80\00:15:11.64
with family and friends...
00:15:11.67\00:15:14.33
The child who feels that he or
she is loved by their classmates
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feels as though their
parents care about them
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The child who feels that he or
she has confidence in themselves
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and has social skills...
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That person will be less
likely to have suicidal thoughts
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and ideation.
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The adult who is
feeling as though
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their life is
being productive...
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to have good friends,
having to be married...
00:15:42.87\00:15:48.13
these are also considered
to be positive factors that
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would prevent someone
from taking their life.
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Research has also shown
that people who are religious
00:15:54.19\00:15:58.33
have very strong
cultural beliefs,
00:15:58.36\00:16:02.18
and are able to respect
the values of their society
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They are also less
likely to think about suicide.
00:16:06.36\00:16:12.44
Keep in mind that
people in the United States
00:16:12.47\00:16:14.81
are more concerned
with preserving life,
00:16:14.84\00:16:19.23
and also feel that
God is the giver of life
00:16:19.26\00:16:23.34
and this should be protected.
00:16:23.37\00:16:25.26
This value and belief is
not held around the world...
00:16:25.27\00:16:30.68
And this is one reason
why people in Eastern Europe
00:16:30.71\00:16:34.05
and other parts of the
world may have a higher
00:16:34.08\00:16:37.46
incidence of suicide
than the United States.
00:16:37.47\00:16:41.24
I would like to talk
about the many myths and facts
00:16:41.27\00:16:46.61
that have been held for
many years about suicide...
00:16:46.62\00:16:53.63
The first one that I
would like to address is...
00:16:53.66\00:16:57.42
This is a very important
point to keep in mind...
00:17:30.11\00:17:35.40
that people who are suicidal,
would not change their minds
00:17:35.43\00:17:41.49
because you talk about it...
00:17:41.52\00:17:44.60
However, not talking
about it, would not give an
00:17:44.63\00:17:50.74
opportunity to find out what the
person is thinking or feeling.
00:17:50.77\00:17:55.44
The second myth that
is very important for us
00:17:55.48\00:17:58.85
to keep in mind is that suicide
happens without warning...
00:17:58.88\00:18:05.25
That is also false...
00:18:05.28\00:18:09.40
Let's talk about
this for a little bit...
00:18:20.45\00:18:23.15
Many times, the clues and
warnings that the individual
00:18:23.18\00:18:28.27
gives... they are so
subtle that most of the people
00:18:28.30\00:18:32.66
tend to miss them, and we
are going to be talking about
00:18:32.69\00:18:36.71
some of those in a few
minutes so we'll understand more
00:18:36.74\00:18:39.98
clearly that suicidal
people always give us clues
00:18:40.01\00:18:45.44
that they are
going to hurt themselves.
00:18:45.47\00:18:47.97
Let's look at the next one...
00:18:48.00\00:18:50.89
What this is telling us is that
about 80% of the individuals
00:19:10.47\00:19:15.28
who commit suicide
do talk about it...
00:19:15.31\00:19:19.79
inform someone that they were
thinking of hurting themselves
00:19:19.82\00:19:25.95
That's a very high number.
00:19:25.98\00:19:28.12
People do not commit suicide
without letting individuals
00:19:28.15\00:19:33.46
know how they feel, and
that's important to keep in mind
00:19:33.49\00:19:37.78
If someone is
listening very carefully,
00:19:37.82\00:19:41.16
they can pick up from
the words that are being used
00:19:41.19\00:19:45.19
and the mannerisms, and
different things that a person
00:19:45.22\00:19:48.39
does... to tell them
that they are really hurting,
00:19:48.42\00:19:52.34
and need help
with whatever stress or
00:19:52.37\00:19:55.08
conflict that they are having.
00:19:55.11\00:19:57.22
Let us look at the next myth...
00:19:57.25\00:20:02.22
Let's talk about this one...
00:20:34.48\00:20:39.83
People talk about suicidal
feelings because they need help
00:20:39.86\00:20:47.37
Very few
individuals really want to die.
00:20:47.40\00:20:50.50
Apparently, it is
instinctual for us to live...
00:20:50.53\00:20:55.22
That is something that has
been programmed in us by God.
00:20:55.23\00:20:59.89
Life is precious!
00:20:59.92\00:21:02.14
If you look at the
behavior of teenagers,
00:21:02.17\00:21:05.59
they do have a higher
rate of suicide attempts
00:21:05.62\00:21:10.79
Many may see that
as a cry for help.
00:21:10.80\00:21:14.34
However, if in doing so, someone
is not there to help them,
00:21:14.37\00:21:20.64
it may result in that
person ending their life.
00:21:20.65\00:21:26.22
We have heard many
times, where people may plan
00:21:26.25\00:21:29.37
suicide knowing that someone
would be there at a certain
00:21:29.40\00:21:33.12
time to rescue them...
and some of them are rescued
00:21:33.13\00:21:38.46
But since we cannot
control events all the time,
00:21:38.49\00:21:41.93
many times, these individuals
may end up losing their life.
00:21:41.96\00:21:45.69
Let's look at the next myth...
00:21:45.72\00:21:48.19
In spite of all the things that
we know, there is no specific
00:21:54.29\00:21:58.81
suicide gene that has ever
been identified in determining
00:21:58.84\00:22:05.73
or contributing to
the expression of suicide.
00:22:05.74\00:22:12.41
However, we know that
sometimes suicide may take place
00:22:12.44\00:22:17.38
in families, and that
behavior is pretty much learned.
00:22:17.41\00:22:21.19
A person may see a
relative commit suicide,
00:22:21.22\00:22:26.37
and they may also decide
that that may be something
00:22:26.40\00:22:29.65
that they should do...
00:22:29.68\00:22:30.97
But it's not
necessarily inherited.
00:22:31.00\00:22:35.14
The last myth that I
would like to talk about...
00:22:35.17\00:22:38.65
is one that I think parents need
to be aware of, and that is...
00:22:38.68\00:22:43.79
We have to keep in mind
that suicidal adolescents may
00:23:11.85\00:23:19.52
quicker-talk to their
friends and their peers,
00:23:19.55\00:23:23.03
instead of their parents if
there are conflicts at home.
00:23:23.06\00:23:28.95
And, many times parents
are busy trying to take care
00:23:28.98\00:23:34.24
of their families, and may miss
a lot of the subtle information
00:23:34.27\00:23:38.85
that's being shared.
00:23:38.88\00:23:41.06
However, it is very important
for parents to pay strict
00:23:41.09\00:23:45.60
attention to the adolescents
knowing that they're going
00:23:45.63\00:23:49.92
to have many changes in their
behavior, and many mood swings
00:23:49.95\00:23:55.50
that may be normal, but
also may give clues that they're
00:23:55.53\00:24:00.53
hurting emotionally.
00:24:00.56\00:24:03.08
Now we have been talking
about crisis intervention
00:24:03.11\00:24:07.48
for a few minutes now, and
we have looked at a number of
00:24:07.51\00:24:11.45
important points that I'd
like to talk about here before
00:24:11.48\00:24:14.49
we conclude this program...
00:24:14.52\00:24:17.30
The first thing that
we have to keep in mind
00:24:17.33\00:24:19.74
is that we are living
in very troubled times...
00:24:19.77\00:24:23.89
Crisis is part of life.
00:24:23.92\00:24:27.10
Many individuals
are experiencing crisis
00:24:27.13\00:24:29.66
on a daily basis, and
some may cope with them in a
00:24:29.69\00:24:33.24
positive way by seeking help...
00:24:33.27\00:24:36.11
But others... may
cope in a negative way
00:24:36.14\00:24:39.71
turning to drugs, alcohol,
ending up with mental problems
00:24:39.74\00:24:45.33
...Or maybe even
considering suicide.
00:24:45.36\00:24:49.82
We know that there are many
risk factors that we have to
00:24:49.83\00:24:53.29
keep in mind when we
start looking at suicide
00:24:53.30\00:24:57.23
...such as death of a loved one
00:24:57.26\00:25:00.56
or having a mental illness...
00:25:00.59\00:25:03.09
But there are also positive
factors that can prevent
00:25:03.12\00:25:07.63
individuals from taking
their lives such as having
00:25:07.66\00:25:11.33
a sense of connectedness
with their family...
00:25:11.36\00:25:14.06
feeling as though they can
be confident in achieving their
00:25:14.09\00:25:17.27
goals in life...
having friends and classmates
00:25:17.30\00:25:21.40
who respect them, and
having teachers who can
00:25:21.43\00:25:24.83
be helpful at times.
00:25:24.84\00:25:26.95
It's very important that we
keep an eye on the elderly...
00:25:26.96\00:25:30.14
since suicide
increases with age,
00:25:30.17\00:25:34.52
and men over the age
of 85 are the highest risk
00:25:34.55\00:25:39.43
for suicide in this country.
00:25:39.46\00:25:42.24
We need to pay
attention also to the fact that
00:25:42.27\00:25:46.98
without intervention,
many individuals can end up
00:25:47.01\00:25:51.52
hurting themselves.
00:25:51.55\00:25:53.33
We have to have a
helping relationship...
00:25:53.36\00:25:56.79
We have to be willing
to pay attention to those
00:25:56.80\00:26:01.22
who come to us,
express concern, and have a
00:26:01.25\00:26:07.33
helping attitude.
00:26:07.36\00:26:08.86
As Christians, we
should be empathic...
00:26:08.89\00:26:12.64
We should be understanding
00:26:12.67\00:26:15.81
We should do whatever
we can to help someone
00:26:15.84\00:26:19.24
who is in crisis.
00:26:19.27\00:26:21.13
You don't have to be a
professional, pastoral counselor
00:26:21.16\00:26:27.21
or mental health professional to
help someone who is in a crisis
00:26:27.24\00:26:32.72
People who help those usually
have qualities that Christians
00:26:32.75\00:26:39.78
should have...
00:26:39.81\00:26:42.02
Crisis intervention
is a serious issue...
00:26:42.05\00:26:46.18
Suicide is one of the leading
causes of death for individuals
00:26:46.19\00:26:51.51
age 15 to 24
00:26:51.54\00:26:55.68
It is very important that
all who work with children
00:26:55.69\00:26:59.51
keep in mind that boys
between the ages of 15 and 24,
00:26:59.52\00:27:06.67
are at risk, and even
though girls may have more
00:27:06.70\00:27:11.10
suicide attempts, boys
do have more completion.
00:27:11.13\00:27:16.55
In closing, I'd like
to talk a little bit about
00:27:16.58\00:27:19.77
some of the things you
can do if someone should
00:27:19.80\00:27:23.20
come to you and
express suicide ideation...
00:27:23.21\00:27:27.38
It's very
important that you keep calm,
00:27:27.41\00:27:31.27
that you be open
about asking the questions,
00:27:31.30\00:27:35.76
as to whether or not
suicide is something that
00:27:35.79\00:27:37.89
they are thinking
about, and keeping in mind that
00:27:37.90\00:27:41.45
if you feel that
you're unable to help,
00:27:41.46\00:27:44.11
that you get professional
help so that this individual
00:27:44.14\00:27:47.83
will not have any problems
as far as hurting themselves
00:27:47.86\00:27:53.34
I encourage you to continue
to look at these additional
00:27:53.37\00:27:57.41
programs that will
come dealing with this topic
00:27:57.42\00:28:00.31
And may God
continue to richly bless you
00:28:00.34\00:28:03.88
as you reach out to those
who are experiencing crisis.
00:28:03.91\00:28:08.87
Remember, you don't
have to be a professional
00:28:08.90\00:28:11.95
to help someone
who is in a crisis,
00:28:11.98\00:28:14.39
and the most important
thing is to be a good listener
00:28:14.42\00:28:19.94
...show that you care
00:28:19.97\00:28:22.36
and you'll be
able to save a life.
00:28:22.40\00:28:24.38