The following
program presents principles
00:00:01.98\00:00:02.95
designed to promote
good health and is not
00:00:02.96\00:00:04.88
intended to take the
place of personalized
00:00:04.89\00:00:06.94
professional care.
The opinions and ideas
00:00:06.95\00:00:09.77
expressed are
those of the speaker.
00:00:09.78\00:00:11.88
Viewers are
encouraged to draw their own
00:00:11.89\00:00:13.88
conclusions about the
information presented.
00:00:13.89\00:00:16.52
Hello and welcome
to Wonderfully Made.
00:00:37.02\00:00:39.85
My name is Don
Morgan and I'm an exercise
00:00:40.57\00:00:43.32
physiologist and I
teach at Middle Tennessee
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State University.
This is the sixth program
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in a series that is
devoted to promoting
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the health
benefits of adopting and
00:00:53.05\00:00:55.62
maintaining of
physically active lifestyle.
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In our last program
we discussed the epidemic
00:00:59.56\00:01:03.48
of adult obesity
in the United States.
00:01:03.49\00:01:06.07
And examined the
role of physical activity
00:01:06.96\00:01:10.05
in combating this
chronic lifestyle disease.
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Today, I want to
turn our attention to the
00:01:13.97\00:01:17.40
prevalence of
childhood obesity in America.
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Identify some of the
factors which contribute
00:01:21.01\00:01:23.89
to sedentary living
in the overweight child.
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And then offer some
practical strategies
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that can be used to
promote and encourage
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home and school
based physical activity.
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As mentioned in
the previous program,
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the United States
has the highest incidents
00:01:40.53\00:01:43.95
of obesity in the
world. Adult obesity has risen
00:01:43.96\00:01:48.40
steadily over the past 20 years.
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With about 30
percent of the United States
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population classified as obese.
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And another 35 percent
or so classified as being
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overweight. It
should be noted that the
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prevalence of
obesity varies from 25 to 51
00:02:06.15\00:02:10.52
percent. With
higher values reported in
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Mexican
Americans, African Americans
00:02:13.40\00:02:16.41
and Native Americans.
In addition, the financial
00:02:16.42\00:02:21.35
burden that is
associated with being overweight
00:02:21.36\00:02:24.67
and obese has been
paid at a 117 billion
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dollars per year.
With over 39 million work
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days being lost annually
to obesity related causes.
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Paralleling the alarming
increase in adult obesity
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over the past 15
years, recent childhood
00:02:42.17\00:02:45.76
surveys have
revealed that the prevalence
00:02:45.77\00:02:48.63
of overweightness
for all age groups has
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increased markedly
over the last 25 years
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to reach their
highest levels ever.
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As shown in our first
graphic, the incidence
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of obesity in
children between the ages of
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6 to 11 depicted in
the light blue bars,
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and adolescents
ages 12 to 19 depicted
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in the purple bars,
was relatively stable from
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the 1960s to the
1980s there was not
00:03:16.90\00:03:19.80
a lot of change.
However from 1980
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on you can see that
the rate of increase
00:03:24.26\00:03:27.83
in obesity in both
age groups has risen
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dramatically. And
currently 16 percent
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of children aged
6 to 19 are obese.
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This rate is
quadrupole the percentage seen
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in the 1960's. More
over another 31 percent
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of youngsters
having classified as being
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at risk for
obesity. What this means
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when you put it all
together, is that 47
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percent or nearly
one out of the every
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two American
youth are either obese
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or at risk of becoming obese.
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In terms of the economic cost of
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childhood obesity,
yearly obesity related
00:04:11.70\00:04:15.35
hospital costs for
children ranging in
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age from 6 to 17 years more then
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tripled between 1979 and 1999.
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What are some
of the health risks
00:04:28.38\00:04:30.35
that are associated
with obesity in youth?
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Adolescents who
are obese can develop
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a negative self
image and a low-self esteem
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that can persist into adulthood.
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The observation
that heavier children are
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at greater risk
for type II diabetes
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and the fact that
hospital discharges
00:04:50.31\00:04:53.17
of obesity
related diabetes, nearly
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doubled between 1979 and 1999,
00:04:57.09\00:05:00.85
this suggests that
the disease effects
00:05:00.86\00:05:03.67
of recent increases
in obesity prevalence
00:05:03.68\00:05:06.56
have already stated.
Children who are obese
00:05:06.57\00:05:11.18
are more like to
display an unfavorable lipid
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profile. Featuring
higher cholesterol,
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triglyceride and
low density lipoprotein
00:05:17.28\00:05:20.27
levels, as well as
lower high density lipoprotein
00:05:20.28\00:05:24.53
values. Persistently
higher blood pressure
00:05:24.54\00:05:28.17
levels have also
been found to occur
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9 times more
frequently among obese youth.
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Orthopedic complications
like pain and range
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of motion
limitations can be a problem for
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the overweight
child. While sleep apnea
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or the temporary
stoppage of breathing
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during sleep is
thought to be present in
00:05:48.68\00:05:52.01
about 7 percent
of obese children.
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What is the
likelihood that an obese child
00:05:56.82\00:05:59.44
would become an obese adult?
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According to
published data, about one third
00:06:02.29\00:06:05.67
of obese pre-school
children become obese
00:06:05.68\00:06:08.30
adults. While
50 percent of obese
00:06:08.31\00:06:11.68
school age
children carry their obesity
00:06:11.69\00:06:14.47
into adulthood. Unfortunately,
00:06:14.48\00:06:18.22
this figure rises
even higher with age,
00:06:18.23\00:06:21.60
with 80 percent
of obese adolescents,
00:06:21.61\00:06:24.76
remaining obese as adults.
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To me these
findings provide a strong
00:06:27.58\00:06:31.67
rationale to
launch aggressive measures
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early in a child's
life to promote healthy
00:06:35.50\00:06:38.57
eating and an active lifestyle.
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Since being
overweight and obese is linked
00:06:41.15\00:06:46.00
to a number of
adverse health consequences.
00:06:46.01\00:06:48.76
It is important to determine how
00:06:48.77\00:06:51.24
these variables are calculated?
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Well many
laboratory based methods exist
00:06:54.36\00:06:56.77
to quantify body composition.
00:06:56.78\00:06:58.87
The use of the
Body Mass Index or BMI,
00:06:58.88\00:07:02.93
has become wide
spread in the past few years,
00:07:02.94\00:07:06.19
because it is
fairly easy to determine
00:07:06.20\00:07:08.97
all you need is
height and weight and
00:07:08.98\00:07:11.44
they are very easily measured.
00:07:11.45\00:07:13.05
And it's been shown
to correlate reasonably
00:07:13.06\00:07:15.77
well with direct
measurements of body fat.
00:07:15.78\00:07:18.87
The following graph
shows how to calculate
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BMI for a
13-year-old boy who weighs 141
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pounds and is 5
foot, 3 inches tall.
00:07:27.37\00:07:31.30
In this example the
first step is to convert
00:07:31.31\00:07:35.80
height through
inches. And we can do that
00:07:35.81\00:07:38.66
by multiplying 5 feet
by 12 inches per foot.
00:07:38.67\00:07:42.51
And adding the
extra 3 inches to arrive
00:07:42.52\00:07:46.14
at a height of
63 inches, next you
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take the 63
inches and you square it.
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All that means is
that we will multiply
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63 by itself. In
this case 63 multiplied by
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63 gives you 3969.
The next step is to divide
00:08:01.10\00:08:08.48
the child's weight
which in this example is a
00:08:08.49\00:08:11.48
141 pounds by his
squared height value,
00:08:11.49\00:08:15.51
which is 3969. And
when you do all of that
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the number you get,
is a very small one.
00:08:21.08\00:08:23.96
In this case 0.0355253.
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The last step is
to multiply this very
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small number by
704.5, now this number acts
00:08:33.28\00:08:39.32
simply is a constant
value and it's always used.
00:08:39.33\00:08:42.06
And when you
multiply that small number by
00:08:42.07\00:08:44.99
704.5 you will get
your BMI value, which in
00:08:45.00\00:08:50.00
this example is
25.0. Notice that the units
00:08:50.01\00:08:55.45
of this number are
kilograms per meter
00:08:55.46\00:08:58.13
squared, in the
abbreviation that
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it's kg/m2 but
that's what that means.
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Kilograms of body
mass per meters of height
00:09:03.39\00:09:06.62
squared. Now, I
know that for some all of
00:09:06.63\00:09:10.92
this might have been
a little complicated,
00:09:10.93\00:09:13.76
so the next
graphic shows you how you
00:09:13.77\00:09:16.08
can determine BMI
using tools found on
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the internet. Simply go
to www.cdc.gov/growthcharts
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once you're there,
just click on tools to
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calculate BMI and
then once you there click
00:09:31.94\00:09:35.85
on BMI Web Calculator
and then simply follow
00:09:35.86\00:09:39.97
the instructions to
derive your child's BMI value.
00:09:39.98\00:09:44.19
At this point what
you need to do is to
00:09:47.70\00:09:50.05
translate your
child's BMI value to BMI
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percentiles that are
adjusted for age and sex.
00:09:53.53\00:09:56.34
And you can see this
in this graphic here,
00:09:56.35\00:09:58.32
what you do again is you go to
00:09:58.33\00:10:00.33
www.cdc.gov/ growthcharts,
00:10:00.34\00:10:05.33
then you click on
Clinical Growth Charts,
00:10:05.34\00:10:09.12
then scroll down to
children 2 to 20 years
00:10:09.13\00:10:13.60
and then finally
click on boy's BMI-for-age
00:10:13.61\00:10:18.75
or girls's BMI-for-age.
When you follow these
00:10:18.76\00:10:23.19
steps you will see a
plot of BMI percentile
00:10:23.20\00:10:27.03
curves that can
be use to determine
00:10:27.04\00:10:29.65
your child's
BMI percentile based
00:10:29.66\00:10:32.50
on their age and
sex. Once you have this
00:10:32.51\00:10:36.40
information, you'll
want to find out where they
00:10:36.41\00:10:39.77
fit in relation to
existing BMI standards
00:10:39.78\00:10:42.89
for youth. If your
child's BMI for age percentage
00:10:42.90\00:10:47.49
is equal to or greater
then the 95 percentile,
00:10:47.50\00:10:51.60
your child would
be considered obese.
00:10:51.61\00:10:54.61
If their BMI for age
percentile is equal to
00:10:54.62\00:10:58.55
or greater then
the 85th percentile
00:10:58.56\00:11:01.65
but less then the
95th percentile they would
00:11:01.66\00:11:05.14
be classified as
being overweight.
00:11:05.15\00:11:07.93
If your child's BMI
for age percentile lies
00:11:08.92\00:11:11.68
between the fifth
and the 85th percentiles
00:11:11.69\00:11:14.89
it is considered to
be in the normal range.
00:11:14.90\00:11:18.34
Youngsters with an
age and sex adjusted
00:11:19.33\00:11:21.90
BMI in the 5th
percentile or lower
00:11:21.91\00:11:24.51
would be considered underweight.
00:11:24.52\00:11:27.17
When one looks at
variables that underlie
00:11:28.35\00:11:30.73
obesity and weight
gain, heredity is often
00:11:30.74\00:11:34.24
mentioned as a
potential contributing factor.
00:11:34.25\00:11:36.92
Studies of families
have shown that about
00:11:37.77\00:11:40.31
25 to 40 percent of
the variability and human
00:11:40.32\00:11:44.27
obesity is related
to genetic factors.
00:11:44.28\00:11:47.68
While acknowledging
the influence of heredity
00:11:48.95\00:11:51.28
on weight gain, much
of the increase in obesity
00:11:51.29\00:11:55.48
over the past two
decades has been linked
00:11:55.49\00:11:58.50
instead to a
variety of lifestyle and
00:11:58.51\00:12:01.60
environmental
influences including
00:12:01.61\00:12:04.26
less physical
activity. What are some of the
00:12:04.27\00:12:07.92
factors that contribute
to a sedentary lifestyle
00:12:07.93\00:12:11.15
for the obese child.
Well there is no simple
00:12:11.16\00:12:15.00
answer to this
question. Let me offer a few
00:12:15.01\00:12:17.96
suggestions. First,
children and adolescents
00:12:17.97\00:12:22.62
who are overweight
are often the object
00:12:22.63\00:12:25.19
of teasing, jokes and ridicule.
00:12:25.20\00:12:27.56
All of which can help
to reinforce a negative
00:12:27.57\00:12:30.92
body image. This in
turn may help foster
00:12:30.93\00:12:35.80
the self perception
that they are clumsy
00:12:35.81\00:12:38.44
or unskilled which
then further detracts
00:12:38.45\00:12:42.09
from any joy or
incentive that they might have
00:12:42.10\00:12:44.86
to participate in
physical activity.
00:12:44.87\00:12:47.42
Second, just as
very young children are
00:12:48.46\00:12:52.32
much more likely
to engage in physical
00:12:52.33\00:12:54.99
activity if their
parents are active,
00:12:55.00\00:12:57.93
parental inactivity
has been shown to be a
00:12:57.94\00:13:01.65
strong predictor
of child inactivity.
00:13:01.66\00:13:05.21
Third, obese children
tend to perceive a given
00:13:06.39\00:13:10.19
exercise level has
been more strenuous
00:13:10.20\00:13:13.26
then a non-obese
child, consequently
00:13:13.27\00:13:16.55
they maybe reluctant
to participate in physical
00:13:16.56\00:13:19.79
activity. Television
viewing, Internet surfing,
00:13:19.80\00:13:24.46
video games and the
accompanying sedentary
00:13:24.47\00:13:27.57
behavior they spawn
are additional factors
00:13:27.58\00:13:31.39
that have been linked
to reduced activity levels
00:13:31.40\00:13:33.90
in children. Finally,
more states are reducing
00:13:33.91\00:13:38.39
the physical
education requirement, at the
00:13:38.40\00:13:40.95
elementary, middle,
and high school level.
00:13:40.96\00:13:43.96
Where daily
physical education was once
00:13:44.87\00:13:47.18
the norm, many
schools now offer PE
00:13:47.19\00:13:51.00
instruction only
once or twice a week.
00:13:51.01\00:13:53.69
The unfortunate
result of this decision
00:13:54.56\00:13:57.25
is that many
students now receive fewer
00:13:57.26\00:14:00.40
opportunities to be
physically active during
00:14:00.41\00:14:03.25
the school day.
Given the potentially
00:14:03.26\00:14:07.29
damaging affects
of childhood obesity.
00:14:07.30\00:14:09.86
How do we begin
to develop strategies
00:14:09.87\00:14:12.67
to help you offend
off the accumulation of
00:14:12.68\00:14:15.40
extra weight? Before
I discuss some specific
00:14:15.41\00:14:19.72
ways to address this question,
00:14:19.73\00:14:21.56
I would like to talk
first about a few basic
00:14:21.57\00:14:24.65
concepts
regarding physical activity
00:14:24.66\00:14:27.30
in children. Young
children are inherently
00:14:27.31\00:14:31.23
active, as you
parents know all too well.
00:14:31.24\00:14:35.03
Consequently if you
provide opportunities
00:14:36.00\00:14:39.13
for children to be
active it's a good bet that
00:14:39.14\00:14:43.19
they would take
advantage of them.
00:14:43.20\00:14:44.73
Unfortunately, the
inverse of this statement
00:14:45.82\00:14:48.89
is also true, in
other words children and
00:14:48.90\00:14:52.72
youth will learn to
be sedentary if they
00:14:52.73\00:14:55.86
are not given chances
to play and to be active.
00:14:55.87\00:14:59.54
Second, many skills
use an adult recreation
00:15:00.27\00:15:04.29
and leisure time
activities are acquired
00:15:04.30\00:15:07.19
during the school age years.
00:15:07.20\00:15:09.02
As a result children
who don't for example
00:15:09.03\00:15:13.62
learn how to swim or
play basketball maybe
00:15:13.63\00:15:17.66
less likely to
participate in these activities
00:15:17.67\00:15:20.65
when they become
adults. A third point
00:15:20.66\00:15:24.38
to keep in mind
is that self efficacy
00:15:24.39\00:15:27.34
or a feeling that
you can be successful
00:15:27.35\00:15:30.05
and strongly related
to lifetime adherence
00:15:30.06\00:15:33.50
to physical
activity. And fourth, children
00:15:33.51\00:15:38.33
who have active
parents and family
00:15:38.34\00:15:40.58
members are more likely
to be physically active,
00:15:40.59\00:15:44.03
compared to youth
whose family tend to
00:15:44.04\00:15:46.59
gravitate towards
the sedentary lifestyle.
00:15:46.60\00:15:49.33
Now, using these
general principles
00:15:51.33\00:15:53.22
as a foundation it
is possible to formulate
00:15:53.23\00:15:57.70
approaches to help
families and schools
00:15:57.71\00:16:00.35
promote an active environment
00:16:00.36\00:16:02.02
for youngsters.
Let's start by looking at
00:16:02.03\00:16:05.57
ways to foster
physical activity at home.
00:16:05.58\00:16:08.30
First off, replace
sedentary activities with
00:16:08.31\00:16:12.46
more physical options.
Here are some examples,
00:16:12.47\00:16:16.32
instead of allowing
your son or daughter
00:16:16.33\00:16:19.56
to chat on the telephone
for hours with friends,
00:16:19.57\00:16:22.83
suggest that they
get together and do their
00:16:22.84\00:16:26.34
chatting while they
walk around the block.
00:16:26.35\00:16:28.57
If your child's playmate
doesn't live too far away
00:16:29.73\00:16:33.02
and it's safe have
them ride their bike
00:16:33.03\00:16:36.51
or walk to their
friends house, instead of
00:16:36.52\00:16:39.39
getting a ride
there. And if your child has
00:16:39.40\00:16:44.38
been studying or
watching television for a while,
00:16:44.39\00:16:47.21
encourage them to
take a physical activity
00:16:47.89\00:16:50.38
break by shooting
baskets in the driveway
00:16:50.39\00:16:53.40
or taking a 5 to
10 minute ride around
00:16:53.41\00:16:56.42
the neighborhood.
The point here is to
00:16:56.43\00:16:59.71
be creative, and to
realize that ordinary
00:16:59.72\00:17:03.21
life is full of
fitness and activity
00:17:03.22\00:17:06.37
opportunities.
All you have to do is
00:17:06.38\00:17:08.63
just reach out and grab him.
00:17:08.64\00:17:10.18
If you are with
your children at the mall
00:17:11.28\00:17:13.55
and you have some spare time,
00:17:13.56\00:17:15.32
take some
detours when walking from
00:17:15.33\00:17:17.72
one store to the
next. And expand a few
00:17:17.73\00:17:20.57
extra calories,
likewise if you have errands
00:17:20.58\00:17:24.79
to run in the neighborhood
00:17:24.80\00:17:26.23
or only need to pick
up a few items at the
00:17:26.24\00:17:29.17
local drug store,
consider leaving the
00:17:29.18\00:17:32.16
car parked at home
and taking the kids
00:17:32.17\00:17:35.29
with you to
accomplish these tasks on foot.
00:17:35.30\00:17:38.42
Not only does this
provide an opportunity
00:17:38.43\00:17:41.77
for all of you to
be physically active.
00:17:41.78\00:17:44.07
You can also give
the children a monetary
00:17:44.08\00:17:46.93
bonus out the gas
money that you saved
00:17:46.94\00:17:49.70
by waking. In order to
help your child address
00:17:49.71\00:17:54.34
their weight problems,
it is absolutely essential
00:17:54.35\00:17:57.56
for the whole family to
participate in a variety
00:17:57.57\00:18:00.86
of physical activities
like walking, bicycling
00:18:00.87\00:18:04.39
or rollerblading
that everyone can enjoy.
00:18:04.40\00:18:07.29
You can plan special
family outings like hiking
00:18:08.50\00:18:11.45
or skiing or you can
join forces with other
00:18:11.46\00:18:14.61
families in the neighborhood
00:18:14.62\00:18:15.94
to play basketball,
touch football, soccer
00:18:15.95\00:18:19.44
or even hide and go
seek. Closer to home,
00:18:19.45\00:18:23.92
active household
duties can be assigned
00:18:24.86\00:18:27.08
to each family
member, such as vacuuming,
00:18:27.09\00:18:30.02
washing the car or
mowing the lawn like
00:18:30.03\00:18:33.18
my son is doing now.
If your children express
00:18:33.19\00:18:37.18
an interest, consider
involving them in extra
00:18:37.19\00:18:40.35
curricular activities
like basketball, gymnastics
00:18:40.36\00:18:44.50
or swimming that have reasonable
00:18:44.51\00:18:46.81
time commitments.
Cutting back on television
00:18:46.82\00:18:50.83
viewing or video
game playing as a means of
00:18:50.84\00:18:54.06
reducing sedentary
behavior might be a
00:18:54.07\00:18:57.01
tough sell in the beginning.
00:18:57.02\00:18:58.58
So, start by gradually
reducing the time spent
00:18:59.64\00:19:02.87
in these activities.
The key is this, if you can
00:19:02.88\00:19:07.68
help your children find
active alternatives that
00:19:07.69\00:19:10.75
are enjoyable. They
will realize that the
00:19:10.76\00:19:13.76
process of making lifestyle
00:19:13.77\00:19:15.46
changes can be a
positive experience.
00:19:15.47\00:19:18.35
Let me share a
real life example of
00:19:20.14\00:19:23.34
how adding small
amounts of physical activity
00:19:23.35\00:19:26.28
to one's daily
routine, led to visible changes
00:19:26.29\00:19:30.33
in a child's appearance
and his outlook on life.
00:19:30.34\00:19:33.83
Chad was a
young boy who attended
00:19:34.86\00:19:37.70
my son's elementary school.
00:19:37.71\00:19:39.56
He was noticeably
overweight and experience
00:19:39.57\00:19:43.24
difficulty keeping up
with the other children,
00:19:43.25\00:19:45.73
during recess and
physical education class.
00:19:45.74\00:19:49.28
He fatigued easily and
tried to avoid physical
00:19:49.29\00:19:53.20
activity whenever possible.
00:19:53.21\00:19:55.54
His mother become
increasingly concerned
00:19:56.83\00:19:59.08
about Chad's
weight, and decided to make
00:19:59.09\00:20:01.76
some positive
lifestyle changes that would
00:20:01.77\00:20:04.39
affect them both. Within a month
00:20:04.40\00:20:07.94
they have moved
out of their house
00:20:07.95\00:20:10.44
and found an
apartment that was much closer
00:20:10.45\00:20:13.12
to her son's
school. They began waking
00:20:13.13\00:20:16.33
up a few minutes
earlier each morning
00:20:16.34\00:20:18.47
so that she and Chad
could ride their bicycles
00:20:18.48\00:20:21.73
a couple of miles to
his school instead of using
00:20:21.74\00:20:24.79
the car. In addition
to this change in physical
00:20:24.80\00:20:28.74
activity she also
started making healthier food
00:20:28.75\00:20:32.35
selections at the
grocery store and began
00:20:32.36\00:20:35.48
preparing meals that
were noticeably lower
00:20:35.49\00:20:38.36
in fat content.
Within a few months
00:20:38.37\00:20:42.11
it was obvious
that Chad had dropped
00:20:42.12\00:20:44.60
a fair amount of
weight when people asked
00:20:44.61\00:20:47.87
his mother what
she had done to help
00:20:47.88\00:20:49.96
her son lose his
weight. She explained that
00:20:49.97\00:20:53.52
just making a few
adjustments in their
00:20:53.53\00:20:55.28
lifestyle riding
bikes instead of driving,
00:20:55.29\00:20:58.63
making healthier
food selections and
00:20:58.64\00:21:01.72
trying to eat in a
more healthy manner,
00:21:01.73\00:21:03.87
all of these
small changes had made
00:21:03.88\00:21:06.61
a huge difference
in how both of them
00:21:06.62\00:21:09.15
looked and felt.
What's the moral of the story?
00:21:09.16\00:21:13.50
I believe it's simply
this that small changes
00:21:14.68\00:21:18.23
that are carried
out and committed to on
00:21:18.24\00:21:21.02
a daily basis can overtime lead
00:21:21.03\00:21:25.05
to positive health outcomes
00:21:25.84\00:21:27.06
and an improved quality of life.
00:21:27.07\00:21:29.43
Another important
role that parents can play
00:21:31.39\00:21:34.10
in helping their
child lose weight is to
00:21:34.11\00:21:36.82
model a
physically active lifestyle.
00:21:36.83\00:21:39.30
You don't have to
be an excellent athlete
00:21:39.31\00:21:42.88
or in really,
really top-notch condition
00:21:42.89\00:21:45.64
to be a role model
for your child, but they
00:21:45.65\00:21:48.86
need to see you
participating in some
00:21:48.87\00:21:51.02
form of physical
activity on a regular basis.
00:21:51.03\00:21:54.42
Be it walking,
jogging, playing basket ball,
00:21:54.43\00:21:58.54
weightlifting, working
out in the yard or even
00:21:58.55\00:22:01.99
jumping up and down on
a rebounder if you want.
00:22:02.00\00:22:04.36
When your children
see you enthusiastically
00:22:05.43\00:22:08.13
embracing an active
lifestyle this will spark
00:22:08.14\00:22:11.51
their interest in
physical activity and speak
00:22:11.52\00:22:14.69
volumes about how
important it is for them
00:22:14.70\00:22:17.78
to establish
healthy physical habits that
00:22:17.79\00:22:20.96
they can carry
with them for the rest
00:22:20.97\00:22:22.94
of their lives. When
kids and parents play
00:22:22.95\00:22:27.27
together not only
do they receive a good
00:22:27.28\00:22:30.08
physical workout,
they also get the chance
00:22:30.09\00:22:33.42
to connect
emotionally. What children want
00:22:33.43\00:22:37.22
most is to spend more
time with their parents
00:22:37.23\00:22:40.30
and sharing
physical activity time is a
00:22:40.31\00:22:43.83
perfect way to make this happen.
00:22:43.84\00:22:45.90
This type of
family bounding can be
00:22:46.71\00:22:48.82
especially important
for the overweight child,
00:22:48.83\00:22:51.76
because it can
satisfy their emotional needs
00:22:51.77\00:22:55.44
and make them
less likely to use food
00:22:55.45\00:22:58.35
as a way of ridding
themselves of stress
00:22:58.36\00:23:00.85
and then happiness.
It is vital for parents
00:23:00.86\00:23:04.62
to let their children
know that they're loved
00:23:04.63\00:23:06.91
and appreciated no
matter how much they weigh.
00:23:06.92\00:23:10.29
The good news here
is that all children can
00:23:11.28\00:23:14.28
learn to make
healthy lifestyle choices
00:23:14.29\00:23:16.74
when they
receive encouragement and
00:23:16.75\00:23:18.51
support from their parents.
00:23:18.52\00:23:20.43
When not at home
children and adolescents
00:23:21.79\00:23:25.24
spend most of their
time at school it makes
00:23:25.25\00:23:28.34
sense therefore, for
all of us to support quality
00:23:28.35\00:23:31.90
school physical
education and internal sports
00:23:31.91\00:23:34.78
programs that
are developmentally
00:23:34.79\00:23:37.10
appropriate and that
emphasize participation
00:23:37.11\00:23:40.22
in a variety of sport
and physical activities.
00:23:40.23\00:23:43.43
Parents should
insist that the physical
00:23:44.79\00:23:47.42
education programs at
their child's school be
00:23:47.43\00:23:50.34
thought by
credential physical education
00:23:50.35\00:23:52.60
teachers whenever possible.
00:23:52.61\00:23:54.48
In addition to the
health and fitness benefits
00:23:55.43\00:23:57.85
gained from being in a
physical education class.
00:23:57.86\00:24:01.36
Data from a recent
study involving over
00:24:01.37\00:24:04.71
950,000 children
indicate that higher academic
00:24:04.72\00:24:10.53
achievement is
related to improve levels
00:24:10.54\00:24:13.75
of health
related physical fitness,
00:24:13.76\00:24:15.62
in other words the
more physical fit children
00:24:15.63\00:24:19.87
are the better
they perform in school.
00:24:19.88\00:24:23.45
How much physical
activity should children
00:24:24.79\00:24:27.06
receive? According to
guidelines established
00:24:27.07\00:24:30.86
by the National
Association for Sport
00:24:30.87\00:24:33.13
and Physical
Education, school age children
00:24:33.14\00:24:36.46
should accumulate
at least 60 minutes
00:24:36.47\00:24:38.42
and up to several
hours of age appropriate
00:24:38.43\00:24:42.01
physical activity on all
or most days of the week.
00:24:42.02\00:24:45.68
These guidelines
state that physical activity
00:24:46.63\00:24:49.24
can take place in
many short intermittent
00:24:49.25\00:24:51.65
exercise bouts, it
does not need to be
00:24:51.66\00:24:54.30
performed in the
longer continues exercise
00:24:54.31\00:24:56.98
periods that
adults often perform.
00:24:56.99\00:24:59.58
Children should participate in a
00:25:00.67\00:25:02.18
variety of age
appropriate physical
00:25:02.19\00:25:04.01
activities such as
aerobics, active sports
00:25:04.02\00:25:07.51
and recreational
pursuits and muscle
00:25:07.52\00:25:09.89
fitness and
flexibility exercises to achieve
00:25:09.90\00:25:12.89
optimum health, fitness
and performance benefits.
00:25:12.90\00:25:16.60
This varied
approach reduces monotony
00:25:17.54\00:25:19.91
and increases the
likelihood that they
00:25:19.92\00:25:22.09
will find physical
activity fun and enjoyable.
00:25:22.10\00:25:25.02
It is also
recommended that children avoid
00:25:25.03\00:25:28.20
prolonged periods of
inactivity, lasting two
00:25:28.21\00:25:31.49
hour or more, especially
during daylight hours.
00:25:31.50\00:25:34.67
Well, our discussion
up to this point at least
00:25:36.83\00:25:39.34
has addressed
the need to promote
00:25:39.35\00:25:41.10
health enhancing
physical activity among
00:25:41.11\00:25:43.47
school aged
children. There has being
00:25:43.48\00:25:46.16
growing interest in
encouraging physical
00:25:46.17\00:25:48.21
activity in youth
under the age of five to
00:25:48.22\00:25:51.19
counter increasing
levels of obesity in
00:25:51.20\00:25:53.66
pre-school children.
The position taken by the
00:25:53.67\00:25:57.30
National Association
for Sport and Physical
00:25:57.31\00:25:59.79
Education on this issue
is that all children from
00:25:59.80\00:26:03.75
birth to age five
should engage in daily
00:26:03.76\00:26:06.87
physical activity
that promotes health
00:26:06.88\00:26:09.11
related fitness
and movement skills.
00:26:09.12\00:26:11.37
As a member of the
task force that wrote this
00:26:11.38\00:26:14.16
document it became
clear to me how important
00:26:14.17\00:26:17.47
it is for very young
children to safely explore
00:26:17.48\00:26:20.57
and move about in
different environments.
00:26:20.58\00:26:22.88
With respect to
infants, physical activity can
00:26:22.89\00:26:26.30
promote the
development of such basic skills
00:26:26.31\00:26:28.84
as reaching,
grasping, sitting and crawling.
00:26:28.85\00:26:31.83
Once walking is
possible a whole new list of
00:26:31.84\00:26:35.69
movement in physical
activity possibilities
00:26:35.70\00:26:38.12
emerge for the young child.
00:26:38.13\00:26:40.37
From the ages of 1
to 4 children began
00:26:40.38\00:26:43.98
to acquire the fundamental motor
00:26:43.99\00:26:45.72
skills that will be
the building blocks for
00:26:45.73\00:26:48.28
more complex movements,
such as running, jumping,
00:26:48.29\00:26:51.14
throwing and kicking.
Hence it is critical for
00:26:51.15\00:26:54.95
parents, caregivers,
and pre-school teachers to
00:26:54.96\00:26:58.25
provide structured
and unstructured physical
00:26:58.26\00:27:00.51
activity time for
children to develop
00:27:00.52\00:27:03.26
and refine these motor skills.
00:27:03.27\00:27:05.53
Physical activity
is a natural way of
00:27:06.58\00:27:08.84
preventing and
reducing childhood obesity,
00:27:08.85\00:27:11.54
therefore the needs
and interests of the
00:27:11.55\00:27:15.21
child rather than
the desires of adults
00:27:15.22\00:27:18.27
should be
preeminent in the selection of
00:27:18.28\00:27:21.09
fitness and sport
pursuits. It is also
00:27:21.10\00:27:24.98
important to
remember that whether we're
00:27:24.99\00:27:27.10
talking about a child
or adult the process of
00:27:27.11\00:27:30.39
engaging in
physical activity means being
00:27:30.40\00:27:33.10
involved, doing your
best and participating
00:27:33.11\00:27:36.39
regularly. Finally,
let me again highlight the
00:27:36.40\00:27:40.81
importance of being
an active role model
00:27:40.82\00:27:42.75
for your child. As a
parent of two children
00:27:42.76\00:27:46.04
my wife and I try
to model many behaviors
00:27:46.05\00:27:48.43
that we want our
children to emulate, honesty,
00:27:48.44\00:27:50.99
diligence, and
respect for others.
00:27:51.00\00:27:53.04
So, that they will be
able to function effectively
00:27:53.05\00:27:55.50
when they become
adults. Viewed against
00:27:55.51\00:27:57.76
this backdrop,
modeling physical activity is
00:27:57.77\00:28:01.78
one of the most
enduring legacies that
00:28:01.79\00:28:03.66
we can leave our children.
So, in closing, motivate
00:28:03.67\00:28:07.82
your kids to be
active and until next time
00:28:07.83\00:28:10.82
keep moving step by step
00:28:10.83\00:28:12.76
towards greater
health and fitness.
00:28:12.77\00:28:14.80