¤ ¤ 00:00:01.56\00:00:24.45 Have you ever wondered what secrets lurk in your family's 00:00:24.49\00:00:27.69 past? Have you ever thought you might be related to a celebrity, 00:00:27.72\00:00:32.13 a tinker, a tailor, a soldier or sailor? Maybe even a thief? 00:00:32.16\00:00:39.37 There was a time when a convict in the family tree was something 00:00:39.40\00:00:48.98 to hide. A skeleton in the cupboard you wanted no one to 00:00:49.01\00:00:53.62 see. But today it's something of a badge of honor to have one in 00:00:53.65\00:00:58.22 your ancestry. But perhaps it's even more prestigious today to 00:00:58.25\00:01:05.73 have an Anzac in the family. My wife Robyn's family history can 00:01:05.76\00:01:10.27 boast both for not only does she have several Anzacs in her 00:01:10.30\00:01:14.37 family but also a fair share of convicts who actually spent time 00:01:14.40\00:01:19.81 in this very building, the Hyde Park Barracks way back in 00:01:19.84\00:01:24.01 1839. The story of her family is one that's shared by many 00:01:24.05\00:01:29.62 Australian families. So join us as we discover what shaped the 00:01:29.65\00:01:33.96 lives of our ancestors and watch the story unfold. In a sense, 00:01:33.99\00:01:41.83 it's the story of Australia. I'm sure we'll unearth plenty of 00:01:41.86\00:01:46.57 secrets and surprises along the way. 00:01:46.60\00:01:49.54 ¤ ¤ 00:01:49.57\00:02:08.96 Seven generations ago in 1838 Joseph Pengelly from Devon, 00:02:08.99\00:02:14.36 England was convicted of stealing a sheep to feed his 00:02:14.40\00:02:18.10 starving family. He was given a 15 year sentence and was 00:02:18.13\00:02:22.90 transported to New South Wales. He was one of 266 prisoners on 00:02:22.94\00:02:28.81 on the convict ship Teresa that arrived in Sydney in January 00:02:28.84\00:02:34.35 1839 and was processed at these Hyde Park Barracks. But it was 00:02:34.38\00:02:39.12 nearly 20 years before his wife and two children were able to 00:02:39.15\00:02:43.63 join him in Australia where they were able to forge a new life 00:02:43.66\00:02:47.56 for themselves in Country New South Wales. Joseph's great 00:02:47.60\00:02:54.47 granddaughter Edna married Robyn's grandfather Robert King 00:02:54.50\00:02:58.61 who served in the Great War as did Robert's brother Oliver. 00:02:58.64\00:03:03.31 We knew it would be reasonably simple to find more service 00:03:03.35\00:03:07.45 records on the Australian National Archives website. 00:03:07.48\00:03:10.29 However, I'm going to get some professional help so that I can 00:03:10.32\00:03:14.16 really understand what all these documents mean. Dr. Daniel 00:03:14.19\00:03:20.50 Reynaud, associate professor of history at Avondale College of 00:03:20.53\00:03:24.50 Higher Education has studied the stories of many Anazc soldiers 00:03:24.53\00:03:29.04 and will guide us through our search. 00:03:29.07\00:03:31.41 I'm interested in 00:03:31.44\00:03:34.61 finding out about my family and their history and in particular 00:03:34.64\00:03:38.65 my grandfather's service record. 00:03:38.68\00:03:41.42 Well, that's easy enough. We go to the National Archives here 00:03:41.45\00:03:44.99 do a personal search Name Search Name? King, K-I-N-G. 00:03:45.02\00:03:51.76 One thousand two hundred sixty five Kings served in the 00:03:51.79\00:03:58.50 I World War. First name, Conrad, which is a little bit unusual. 00:03:58.53\00:04:03.17 No Conrad's, that's interesting Now you mentioned family. Are 00:04:06.68\00:04:12.31 you talking about brother? Yes. Maybe we can track from there. 00:04:12.35\00:04:15.72 Give me a name. Oliver. Oliver. Okay. Here's Oliver. Oliver 00:04:15.75\00:04:23.89 Daniel. That's him, Weir Whar, Yes, sir, there's the man. 00:04:23.93\00:04:28.16 Well you can see here you've got details about him, 00:04:28.20\00:04:32.43 he joins up in up 9/14 and he goes to Egypt 00:04:32.47\00:04:37.67 and then to Gallipoli. 00:04:37.71\00:04:40.08 Okay, now back to Conrad. He's not coming up. Is there anything 00:04:41.04\00:04:45.55 else you can tell me that will help me find him? 00:04:45.58\00:04:47.58 Well there is a family story that he did enlist with his 00:04:47.62\00:04:52.55 younger brother. But before he was sent overseas, he read some 00:04:52.59\00:04:54.72 religious literature and deserted. Ah! 00:04:54.79\00:04:59.33 Apparently on reading the religious literature he joined 00:05:00.06\00:05:04.13 the Seventh-day Adventist Church which encouraged the young men 00:05:04.17\00:05:07.64 to serve their country but were morally opposed to killing. 00:05:07.67\00:05:13.38 So he decided then that he would desert and leave the army and he 00:05:13.41\00:05:17.71 went selling religious literature for a year. But one 00:05:17.75\00:05:21.12 of the church leaders on hearing this said Conrad you enlisted 00:05:21.15\00:05:26.89 you've made a commitment, you've made a promise and you need to 00:05:26.92\00:05:31.26 keep it. So he encouraged him to return and to reenlist. 00:05:31.29\00:05:36.87 So he went back and enlisted? 00:05:36.90\00:05:38.53 So then apparently he would have gone back and enlisted. 00:05:38.57\00:05:41.64 Now this is interesting. Because if he goes back as Conrad King 00:05:41.67\00:05:47.74 he's going to be put in jail for deserting. So I think he's 00:05:47.78\00:05:52.65 enlisted under a false name. 00:05:52.68\00:05:54.05 Oh so that would explain why he's not under Conrad King. 00:05:54.08\00:05:57.69 Now false name. With a name like King he probably doesn't have to 00:05:57.72\00:06:04.33 falsify that. We're just seeing 1,265 of them. What's his middle 00:06:04.36\00:06:09.50 name? Robert. Robert okay. 00:06:09.53\00:06:12.03 And he was not really called King. 00:06:12.07\00:06:14.10 He would have probably enlisted under Robert. Robert King. Let's 00:06:14.14\00:06:21.14 see if this is him. Born in Melbourne. 00:06:21.18\00:06:26.48 No born in Wewor. 00:06:26.51\00:06:31.69 Well that makes sense doesn't it? I mean, he's not going to 00:06:31.72\00:06:33.46 say Wewor. They'd soon track him down. 00:06:33.49\00:06:36.83 They track him down. So this is him. 00:06:36.86\00:06:40.00 This is him. In fact, if we click through. Do you know where 00:06:40.03\00:06:44.47 he lived in later life, because here is an address. 00:06:44.50\00:06:48.87 We know that he lived in Cooranbong. 00:06:48.90\00:06:50.91 That is Cooranbong. This is him. We've found him. 00:06:50.94\00:06:54.44 That confirms it doesn't it? 00:06:54.48\00:06:55.81 We found your grandfather. 00:06:55.84\00:06:58.81 Ollie could have arrived in Egypt around the 25th of April 00:06:58.85\00:07:03.39 the day the Anzacs landed in Gallipoli his time in Egypt 00:07:03.42\00:07:08.36 would be short. Less than two weeks later he landed in 00:07:08.39\00:07:12.03 Gallipoli among the first reinforcements to make up for 00:07:12.06\00:07:15.66 the losses during the landings. While he landed here on the 00:07:15.70\00:07:22.27 7th of May 1915 and joined their battalion up in those hills on 00:07:22.30\00:07:28.14 400 Plateau. The battalion was defending a line at Weigelli. 00:07:28.18\00:07:33.92 The They had cut the front line at Johnson's Jolly. But Ollie 00:07:33.95\00:07:38.32 had only been on Gallipoli eight days when he got into trouble. 00:07:38.35\00:07:41.56 Having twice volunteered for the long and dangerous hike to fetch 00:07:41.59\00:07:46.19 items from the store here at the beach he felt imposed on when 00:07:46.23\00:07:50.57 asked to go a third time to collect a tin of biscuits. 00:07:50.60\00:07:53.57 He swore at his Sergeant and found himself under arrest and 00:07:53.60\00:07:58.54 court marshaled for disobeying an order. He was sentenced to 48 00:07:58.57\00:08:03.45 days field punishment number two which meant hard labor. But his 00:08:03.48\00:08:08.38 sentence was cut to 14 days due to good services in the field. 00:08:08.42\00:08:13.29 So Daniel was only a bit of a larrikin. 00:08:13.32\00:08:17.79 He probably was but I think the situation's more of an Aussie 00:08:17.83\00:08:23.77 fair guy. You know, these soldiers tended to see 00:08:23.80\00:08:26.94 themselves as civilians in uniform and they thought that 00:08:26.97\00:08:30.91 things ought to be done justly. While he's volunteered for a 00:08:30.94\00:08:34.74 trip to the beach, he's done a second one. Besides, he said no 00:08:34.78\00:08:38.61 more and then he turns around and asks him for another one. 00:08:38.65\00:08:41.15 So I think Ollie lost it, swore at the Sergeant but in fact he 00:08:41.18\00:08:44.89 intended to do the trip. But it was too late. The Sargeant 00:08:44.92\00:08:48.46 had reported him and he was up in front of the Colonel. 00:08:48.49\00:08:51.49 So the good services that he did to have his sentence reduced in 00:08:51.53\00:08:58.23 time down to 14 days, what would that have involved? 00:08:58.27\00:09:02.10 To be honest, I think that's the Colonel being diplomatic and 00:09:02.14\00:09:06.84 wise. He probably recognized that it wasn't a serious 00:09:06.88\00:09:11.51 situation, that Ollie wasn't really trying to disobey the 00:09:11.55\00:09:15.38 Sargeant. He just got caught out in a bad moment. So he's 00:09:15.42\00:09:20.99 diplomatically found that these good services which is just the 00:09:21.02\00:09:26.33 routine things that Ollie was doing. He was a perfectly good 00:09:26.36\00:09:29.06 trooper. He was fetching supplies from the stores, he did 00:09:29.10\00:09:33.10 his job, he was basically a good soldier and so the Colonel found 00:09:33.13\00:09:38.37 a way to let Ollie off while saving face for the Sergeant. 00:09:38.41\00:09:41.68 So he does get 14 days of hard labor and what would that have 00:09:41.71\00:09:45.38 involved? 00:09:45.41\00:09:46.75 Well probably any rotten job the Colonel could think of, to be 00:09:46.78\00:09:49.58 honest. And that probably was more trips to the supply store 00:09:49.62\00:09:54.42 for poor old Ollie. 00:09:54.46\00:09:55.79 This is why I gallied where a terrible battle 00:10:01.36\00:10:04.93 was fought on the 18th and 19th of May Turkish counterattack and 00:10:04.97\00:10:08.90 Ollie was actually present at this battle. The Turks are 00:10:08.94\00:10:12.17 coming in droves to try to push the Australians back into the 00:10:12.21\00:10:16.34 sea. They had no cover at all and they're shot down Some of 00:10:16.38\00:10:20.35 the Australians describe it as being like a rabbit shoot. It 00:10:20.38\00:10:25.05 was that easy. And at first, there's this sense of exaltation 00:10:25.09\00:10:30.16 but then there's hundreds of bodies. There's wounded men that 00:10:30.19\00:10:34.00 no one can get near because it's so exposed on both sides. And so 00:10:34.03\00:10:38.63 the Australians are forced to listen to these men slowly die 00:10:38.67\00:10:42.50 and then an overwhelming horrible stench of these bodies 00:10:42.54\00:10:47.28 rotting in the sun. 00:10:47.31\00:10:48.78 So Ollie's in the trenches here firing his rifle. After the 00:10:48.81\00:10:55.55 battle what happens next? What is he involved with then? 00:10:55.58\00:10:58.65 Well it gets so bad that the Turks negotiate with the 00:10:58.69\00:11:02.99 Australians a truce to remove the dead and Ollie's involved 00:11:03.02\00:11:08.13 in going out on this battle ground, identifying the dead, 00:11:08.16\00:11:12.30 having to go through their pockets and take out the 00:11:12.33\00:11:15.27 identifying marks, letters, diaries and then take the Turks 00:11:15.30\00:11:20.84 to the Turkish side and the Australians to this side and to 00:11:20.88\00:11:24.18 bury them. And it is awful work if you can imagine the smell and 00:11:24.21\00:11:29.28 often the soldiers were stopping to wretch from the horribleness 00:11:29.32\00:11:34.72 of it. There is an absolute confrontation with how terrible 00:11:34.76\00:11:39.69 war is at this place for Ollie. 00:11:39.73\00:11:42.86 So here Ollie is really confronted with the horror of 00:11:42.90\00:11:46.74 war. 00:11:46.77\00:11:48.10 Absolute undiluted horror. 00:11:48.14\00:11:49.70 The soldiers' monotonous diet with insufficient fresh fruit 00:11:49.74\00:11:53.51 and little water also added to the problem and dysentery became 00:11:53.54\00:11:58.51 widespread. On the 12th of July Ollie was evacuated with 00:11:58.55\00:12:03.49 debility to a hospital at Moudros a Greek island off the 00:12:03.52\00:12:07.82 coast of Gallipoli. His enteritis was so severe that he 00:12:07.86\00:12:12.59 was transferred firstly to Malta and then to Britain where it 00:12:12.63\00:12:16.53 took over a year for him to recover. It was to be mid 00:12:16.56\00:12:19.97 September 1916 before he rejoined his battalion in 00:12:20.00\00:12:25.87 Belgium Flanders but within a couple of weeks the battalion 00:12:25.91\00:12:28.34 moved to the Somme's for the winter. (Sounds of battle) 00:12:28.38\00:12:58.67 Now I want you to imagine living conditions here. Robyn it's 00:13:00.48\00:13:04.88 winter time. This isn't Aussie winter. This is a European 00:13:04.91\00:13:10.29 winter. Frequently below zero. Very wet. Long darkness hours 00:13:10.32\00:13:16.42 In fact, there's very little daylight. And the trenches fill 00:13:16.46\00:13:19.59 up with water; they're constantly soaked. They can't 00:13:19.63\00:13:23.77 have fires here so their cold, wet, and miserable. Just awful. 00:13:23.80\00:13:29.17 So there's no chance of drying out. When you're in the trench 00:13:29.20\00:13:31.61 you're wet. You're wet. Your feet are continually basically 00:13:31.64\00:13:35.48 in water. 00:13:35.51\00:13:36.85 Not just your feet but your whole body. It's wet and misting 00:13:36.88\00:13:42.95 rain on all the time. Freezes at night 00:13:42.98\00:13:46.19 So even when they are sleeping they are still damp and... 00:13:46.22\00:13:50.26 Frequently they couldn't sleep because it was just too cold to 00:13:50.29\00:13:53.63 sleep. 00:13:53.66\00:13:55.13 Winter in the trenches was a trying situation. By this stage 00:13:55.16\00:14:00.64 the great battle of the Somme was in its final stages and the 00:14:00.67\00:14:05.14 grinding mount of attacks through deep mud and heavy shell 00:14:05.17\00:14:08.94 fire were dying away. Ollie's third Battalion was not called 00:14:08.98\00:14:13.52 on to participate in any attacks But it was still an unhealthy 00:14:13.55\00:14:18.39 place to be. Apart from German shelling, the trenches were wet, 00:14:18.42\00:14:23.12 cold and muddy. After four months of trench duty in early 00:14:23.16\00:14:27.96 February 1917 Ollie was evacuated with trench foot, a 00:14:28.00\00:14:33.40 condition caused by continuous wet feet making them swell up 00:14:33.44\00:14:38.17 and lose all sense of feeling. But the agony would hit in the 00:14:38.21\00:14:42.84 ankles. Untreated they would turn gangrenous and require 00:14:42.88\00:14:47.52 amputation. He was sent to Brighton in England for extended 00:14:47.55\00:14:51.92 treatment. It took seven months before he was fit for active 00:14:51.95\00:14:56.52 service again. He returned to his unit in France in September 00:14:56.56\00:15:00.96 1917 spending a couple more weeks in hospital there with a 00:15:01.00\00:15:05.53 sprained ankle. In October 1917 the battalion moved back to 00:15:05.57\00:15:15.88 Belgium Flanders to participate in the last stages of the battle 00:15:15.91\00:15:21.28 of third Ypres. Australian troops had taken part in several 00:15:21.32\00:15:25.99 successful attacks associated with the Battle of Messines. 00:15:26.02\00:15:30.16 And it was here that Ollie met his brother Robert one day by 00:15:30.19\00:15:35.30 chance as their two units passed each other in the trenches. 00:15:35.33\00:15:43.61 Well now Gary, my father once told me that my grandfather met 00:15:43.64\00:15:47.08 his brother unexpectedly in one of the trenches here. Don't 00:15:47.11\00:15:49.84 you think that's just amazing? 00:15:49.88\00:15:51.21 Well it is amazing. You've got 100,000 Australians here and 00:15:51.38\00:15:55.98 these two in different units and they passed? 00:15:56.02\00:15:59.22 Yes they passed. One unit was leaving and one unit was coming. 00:15:59.25\00:16:03.56 When would they have last seen each other? 00:16:03.59\00:16:07.10 Well it would have been probably just before Ollie left Australia 00:16:07.13\00:16:11.03 in late 1914. 00:16:11.07\00:16:13.84 There would have been two years since they'd last seen... 00:16:13.87\00:16:18.07 It would have been more than two years. 00:16:18.11\00:16:19.51 Imagine a chance meeting out here in these trenches. I wonder 00:16:19.54\00:16:24.51 how they would have felt? 00:16:24.55\00:16:26.35 I would have grabbed him in a big hug but... 00:16:26.38\00:16:30.25 But I'm sure they would have been just overjoyed at seeing 00:16:30.29\00:16:33.25 each other and the relief knowing that they were still 00:16:33.29\00:16:36.12 both alive. 00:16:36.16\00:16:37.56 Yeah well I remember reading the diary of a soldier who had his 00:16:37.59\00:16:41.86 brother in his own unit and he was saying it was always a worry 00:16:41.90\00:16:44.80 because they were in the same battles together and he was 00:16:44.83\00:16:47.14 always worried about his brother So separate units helped to 00:16:47.17\00:16:50.94 solve focus a little better. 00:16:50.97\00:16:53.07 Oh what a wonderful occasion this chance meeting here and 00:16:53.11\00:16:56.68 what joy it must have brought them. 00:16:56.71\00:16:58.28 Now Robyn there is one more thing about this place that 00:16:58.31\00:17:01.22 might be significant. Tell me. Well your grandfather's a 00:17:01.25\00:17:04.55 Pioneer and this here was originally a German bunker with 00:17:04.59\00:17:10.93 the guns facing that way towards the Allies. But when it's been 00:17:10.96\00:17:14.30 captured the Australian Pioneers are asked to turn it around 00:17:14.33\00:17:19.07 and face the other way. So you can see these corrugations from 00:17:19.10\00:17:23.10 the corrugated iron where they poured the concrete so that it 00:17:23.14\00:17:26.88 was now facing in a new direction. You've got the 00:17:26.91\00:17:30.88 machine gun apertures on either side so this was the work of 00:17:30.91\00:17:34.85 Australian Pioneers and perhaps who knows... 00:17:34.88\00:17:37.82 Could have been my grandfather. 00:17:37.85\00:17:39.45 It could have been your grandfather. 00:17:39.49\00:17:40.82 Isn't that amazing, to think we are right here where he may have 00:17:40.86\00:17:44.16 been involved in constructing something like this. 00:17:44.19\00:17:47.46 It's just amazing to be here. 00:17:47.50\00:17:50.47 Soon after at the Battle of ? here Ollie was gravely 00:17:56.14\00:18:00.34 wounded in the head and back by a shell and evacuated to 00:18:00.38\00:18:04.55 Brighton again for extended treatment. It was effectively 00:18:04.58\00:18:08.95 the end of Ollie's war. Meanwhile Ollie's brother Robert 00:18:08.98\00:18:15.32 was still in Belgium as part of the Third Pioneer Battalion. 00:18:15.36\00:18:19.36 So then what's the difference between a Pioneer soldier and a 00:18:19.39\00:18:23.67 normal one? 00:18:23.70\00:18:25.03 Well a normal soldier is an infantryman. It's their job to 00:18:25.07\00:18:27.37 attack, capture and hold. But they're not specialists in 00:18:27.40\00:18:33.51 building things. When they capture a trench they'll dig it 00:18:33.54\00:18:37.18 out but the Pioneers will come along and they'll put in the 00:18:37.21\00:18:40.12 corrugated iron, the A frame, the buck boards so that it's a 00:18:40.15\00:18:43.82 proper trench. 00:18:43.85\00:18:45.19 Which we would call a board walk 00:18:45.22\00:18:46.69 You would but it's a buck board to keep their feet up out of the 00:18:46.72\00:18:50.33 water... 00:18:50.36\00:18:51.69 So they didn't get trench foot. 00:18:51.73\00:18:53.06 Ah Ha. And of course they would build things like this. This is 00:18:53.09\00:18:56.83 an elephant shelter and it's designed to keep soldiers safe 00:18:56.87\00:19:00.27 in a bombardment. So basically a Pioneer has got woodworking 00:19:00.30\00:19:05.27 skills, metal working skills, or engineering skills. Does that 00:19:05.31\00:19:09.58 sort of fit with your grandfather. 00:19:09.61\00:19:12.15 I think he was good at choosing the correct wood for 00:19:12.18\00:19:15.78 So he's a specialist in woodwork? 00:19:15.82\00:19:17.19 In woodwork. 00:19:17.22\00:19:18.55 Now I wonder if he actually helped build the underground 00:19:18.59\00:19:23.02 bunkers at Zonnebeke. Because we know the Australians built 00:19:23.06\00:19:28.06 these wooden underground bunkers and they were recently 00:19:28.10\00:19:31.53 rediscovered. And he very well might have been one of those 00:19:31.57\00:19:37.21 woodworkers. 00:19:37.24\00:19:38.57 He might have been if he was good with the wood. 00:19:38.61\00:19:40.68 He was in this area. 00:19:40.71\00:19:42.04 Then it sounded like hard work that he would have been involved 00:19:42.08\00:19:45.38 with but not necessarily dangerous. 00:19:45.41\00:19:47.45 Well not necessarily but Pioneers were consolidating 00:19:47.48\00:19:53.42 immediately after an attack. They're building new concrete 00:19:53.46\00:19:57.39 bunkers. They're very exposed very often. So there's nothing 00:19:57.43\00:20:01.76 necessarily safe about being a Pioneer here. It's a job where 00:20:01.80\00:20:05.07 many men could be killed. 00:20:05.10\00:20:06.70 So my grandfather was willing to die for his country but 00:20:06.74\00:20:10.44 not to kill. 00:20:10.47\00:20:12.11 That's a really interesting point that you make because 00:20:12.14\00:20:14.48 speaking historically there were a lot of soldiers of conviction 00:20:14.51\00:20:19.75 usually religious conviction who felt that the gospel meant that 00:20:19.78\00:20:27.32 they were not to kill other people as the gospel of peace. 00:20:27.36\00:20:29.99 Jesus was prepared to die to save people but he wasn't 00:20:30.03\00:20:34.80 prepared to kill. And there were many Christians who are in the 00:20:34.83\00:20:40.60 army choose either medical corps or the Pioneers precisely for 00:20:40.64\00:20:45.44 that reason... 00:20:45.47\00:20:46.81 Maybe that's why he chose the Pioneers. 00:20:46.84\00:20:49.24 Yes, given the back story that he found God just as he joined 00:20:49.28\00:20:56.42 up. The Pioneers is a place where he can contribute, he can 00:20:56.45\00:21:02.26 help his fellowmen but he's not in a position where he needs to 00:21:02.29\00:21:07.40 take life. 00:21:07.43\00:21:10.67 Then in August 1918 the First Pioneer Battalion was sent south 00:21:10.70\00:21:16.77 to the Somme's to join in the great offensive that pushed the 00:21:16.81\00:21:20.74 Germans back to the point where they sued for peace. Robert was 00:21:20.78\00:21:25.21 involved in preparations for the string of successful battles 00:21:25.25\00:21:28.92 that General John Warnasch and the Australian Corp achieved 00:21:28.95\00:21:32.99 during this time. Robert was here in Hamel at Warnasch' s 00:21:33.02\00:21:38.59 model battle. Here he helped prepare the position for the 00:21:38.63\00:21:41.83 attack and then built new defenses after its successful 00:21:41.86\00:21:45.30 conclusion. Here's the situation Gary. On that ridge over there 00:21:45.33\00:21:51.27 just over the horizon is villas Brittoneer which the Australians 00:21:51.31\00:21:54.38 have re-captured. And now Warnasch plans a battle with the 00:21:54.41\00:21:58.21 Australian Corp to recapture this whole valley, village of 00:21:58.25\00:22:01.22 Hamel 00:22:01.25\00:22:02.58 right through the ridge over there. Now what he does is he 00:22:02.62\00:22:06.32 has a battle of all arms. He integrates, incorporates the 00:22:06.35\00:22:10.93 infantry, Pioneers, machine guns artillery, tanks, aircraft all 00:22:10.96\00:22:16.50 working in cooperation. And he breaks through the German 00:22:16.53\00:22:20.34 defenses. Some stubborn resistance in the center of the 00:22:20.37\00:22:23.20 ridge But on either side they're able to break through and then 00:22:23.24\00:22:26.91 consolidate on that ridge. 00:22:26.94\00:22:28.28 A perfect battle. 00:22:28.31\00:22:30.18 Perfect battle. He planned it to be 90 minutes long, hour and a 00:22:30.21\00:22:33.62 half and it took 93. It was such a successful battle that they 00:22:33.65\00:22:38.65 printed the plans for the battle and distributed it to other 00:22:38.69\00:22:43.39 generals as a template on which to operate. 00:22:43.43\00:22:46.73 And so Robert although he didn't carry a rifle still played an 00:22:46.76\00:22:50.37 important role in this battle. 00:22:50.40\00:22:52.10 He would have helped prepare the jump-off positions and then at 00:22:52.13\00:22:55.00 the end he would have been there improving the hasty trenches 00:22:55.04\00:22:58.07 that the soldiers had dug and making sure they were in ship 00:22:58.11\00:23:01.21 shape. So from beginning to end he would have been under 00:23:01.24\00:23:05.58 artillery fire from the Germans, machine-gun fire as he helped 00:23:05.61\00:23:08.82 get this vital work done. 00:23:08.85\00:23:12.99 Then from here, it was following the trail of the Victoria's 00:23:13.02\00:23:17.59 Australian troops through to Saint Quentin. His work involved 00:23:17.63\00:23:21.90 building new roads, maintenance and burying the dead, both 00:23:21.93\00:23:26.03 German and Australian as well as constructing dummy tanks from 00:23:26.07\00:23:31.04 wood and canvas to deceive the German troops. But the 00:23:31.07\00:23:34.51 Australians were pulled out of the line in early October and 00:23:34.54\00:23:38.45 Robert's war was over. Daniel was that the end of the war for 00:23:38.48\00:23:43.12 all the Australians? 00:23:43.15\00:23:44.59 Pretty much yes. In October the Australians were pulled out of 00:23:44.62\00:23:48.72 the line and by the 11th of November the war is over. 00:23:48.76\00:23:52.96 And in general what's the Australians contribution to the 00:23:52.99\00:23:56.53 war? What did they achieve by being here? 00:23:56.56\00:23:59.10 It was increasingly significant. By 1918 the Australians are 00:23:59.13\00:24:03.57 among the elite troops on the western front alongside the 00:24:03.61\00:24:06.27 Canadians and certain British divisions. They used to crack 00:24:06.31\00:24:09.68 the line repeatedly throughout the second half of 1918 so it is 00:24:09.71\00:24:14.48 an important contribution. 00:24:14.52\00:24:16.08 Now more specifically, what about Robert and Ollie? What 00:24:16.12\00:24:19.52 did they achieve? 00:24:19.55\00:24:20.89 Well they were present for some of those key battles throughout 00:24:20.92\00:24:24.09 the war. Ollie's at Gallipoli. He's a third keeper. And Robert 00:24:24.13\00:24:29.86 is present during the 100 days, the final destruction of the 00:24:29.90\00:24:34.14 German on the western front. So yes they were there at key 00:24:34.17\00:24:38.57 points in the story. Now Ollie of course, is frequently sick 00:24:38.61\00:24:42.44 and away from the line. In fact he probably spends more time 00:24:42.48\00:24:45.41 away than he does at the front but that is typical of the 00:24:45.45\00:24:49.55 experience of many Australian soldiers. 00:24:49.58\00:24:51.99 ¤ ¤ 00:24:52.02\00:24:58.66 Well we're back here at Hyde Park Barracks where we started. 00:24:58.69\00:25:01.66 This is where our journey began. In 1839 Joseph Pengelly arrived 00:25:01.70\00:25:08.20 here as a convict. But he resolved to make a new life for 00:25:08.24\00:25:12.24 himself in Australia. Ironically instead of stealing sheep he 00:25:12.27\00:25:17.95 established a sheep farm of his own in central New South Wales 00:25:17.98\00:25:21.72 and became a well respected citizen of the community. His 00:25:21.75\00:25:26.39 great granddaughter married Robyn's grandfather Conrad 00:25:26.42\00:25:30.56 Robert King, the Anzac whose footsteps we've been following. 00:25:30.59\00:25:36.56 Conrad died many years before I was born and certainly he was 00:25:36.60\00:25:42.44 justified in the old grand family album. But now we've 00:25:42.47\00:25:46.57 uncovered the mysteries behind the old photos. We have traveled 00:25:46.61\00:25:51.25 far to unravel their story. 00:25:51.28\00:25:55.68 If you would like to find out more about the Anzacs and their 00:25:55.72\00:25:59.45 experiences with God then I'd like to recommend our free 00:25:59.49\00:26:03.36 booklet for you today. It contains inspirational stories 00:26:03.39\00:26:07.73 about fighting men, officers, soldiers, chaplains as they 00:26:07.76\00:26:12.33 fought, worshipped, prayed, sang and trusted God in the hell of 00:26:12.37\00:26:17.27 Gallipoli. Our free gift is a booklet The Faith of the Anzacs. 00:26:17.31\00:26:22.84 I guarantee these stories will lift your spirits and lead your 00:26:22.88\00:26:27.95 thoughts to a place that works in the trials and tests of life. 00:26:27.98\00:26:32.29 This booklet is our gift to you and is absolutely free. There 00:26:32.32\00:26:36.93 are no costs or obligations whatsoever. So make the most of 00:26:36.96\00:26:41.56 this wonderful opportunity to share in the testimonies of the 00:26:41.60\00:26:46.40 Anzacs. 00:26:46.43\00:26:47.90 Phone or text us at 0436-333-555 in Australia or 020-422-2042 in 00:26:47.94\00:26:58.68 New Zealand or visit our website TiJ.tv to request today's free 00:26:58.71\00:27:04.72 offer and we'll send it to you totally free of charge and with 00:27:04.75\00:27:08.42 no obligation. Write to us at: 00:27:08.46\00:27:23.24 Don't delay. Call or text us now 00:27:23.27\00:27:26.27 If you've enjoyed our journey to Gallipoli in the footsteps of 00:27:26.31\00:27:32.58 the Anzacs and our reflections on their courage, loyalty and 00:27:32.61\00:27:36.95 commitment then be sure to join us again next week when we will 00:27:36.99\00:27:41.32 share another of life's journeys together. Until then let's pray 00:27:41.36\00:27:46.39 to the same God that the Anzacs did. 00:27:46.43\00:27:49.63 Dear heavenly Father, we thank you for our families and for our 00:27:49.66\00:27:55.00 family history and heritage. Many of us have family members 00:27:55.04\00:27:59.11 who have fought in some of the great battles for Australia. 00:27:59.14\00:28:03.31 We are in awe of the commitment they showed to their country and 00:28:03.35\00:28:07.35 to their beliefs. We want to honor their memory and remember 00:28:07.38\00:28:11.45 their courage during times of hardship. We ask you to bless us 00:28:11.49\00:28:16.22 and our families today. In Jesus' name we pray, Amen. 00:28:16.26\00:28:21.43 ¤ ¤ 00:28:21.46\00:28:26.57