Welcome to the Creator Revealed.
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My name is Tim
Standish, and I'm a scientist.
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In fact, I spent
about 20 years of my life
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getting a PhD
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that involved studying DNA.
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This incredible molecule
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that contains the plan
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for much of what
goes on in our bodies.
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And it is so fascinating.
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We're just so glad
that you are joining us.
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And if you're like me,
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this is going to be something
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that sometimes you
look at and you go, "Whoa!
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What did he just say?"
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But what you'll see
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is the Creator's
design I believe,
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that's what I see.
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It's exciting to
understand how God created us.
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Exactly.
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I think that DNA has
been God's unique plan
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for each person,
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each organism out
there that we see.
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Because there are
no two identical DNAs.
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I mean, that's
what makes us so unique.
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This is what
makes Shelley Quinn,
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six foot tall, blue eyed person.
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That's it. Yes.
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Now we are more than just DNA.
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But DNA is really important.
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Before we dive into this,
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I want us to
consider these words
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that were written
by the Apostle Paul
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to people living in a
place called Colossae.
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Okay, so he's
writing to the Colossians
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and he says, "For
by Him" this is God, "
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all things were
created that are in heaven
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and that are on
earth, visible and invisible,
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whether thrones or dominions
or principalities or powers.
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All things were created
through Him and for Him."
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Amen.
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And when we talk about DNA,
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we're really talking about
something that is invisible.
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It's so small, we can't see it.
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We can't see it
with our naked eyes,
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we can't see it
with a light microscope.
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If you use super-duper
specialize kinds of techniques,
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you can visualize it however.
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And that...
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And there's DNA in
every molecule of our body?
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Oh, yes. Well,
every cell of our body.
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Every cell. Yeah.
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DNA is a molecule
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and it's found in every
tiny little cell in our bodies,
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and I want to start
out by talking a little bit
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about one of the gentlemen
who received a Noble Prize
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for figuring out
the structure of DNA.
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This is me back
in the olden days.
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Back when I had
just earned my PhD,
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and I'm
standing with a gentleman
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named Francis Crick.
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Now, if you know
anything about DNA,
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you know that Francis
Crick received a Nobel Prize
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for figuring out the
double helical structure of DNA
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and we gonna get that
in, to that in just a moment.
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But I want to say
something about Francis Crick,
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because, you
know, Francis Crick,
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in my very limited
personal experience,
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was actually a
very gentlemanly man,
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a kind man.
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And I remember talking with him,
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and how kind he was to me.
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You know, I was just a new PhD.
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I didn't feel
that I knew very much
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actually at the end of that.
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And here is this
man with a Nobel Prize
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and his kindness
really impressed me.
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So I want to be careful
about what I say about him.
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But I am going to
quote something that he said
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which really made
quite an impression on me.
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He wrote this.
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He said, "Biologists
must constantly keep in mind
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that what they
see was not designed,
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but rather evolved."
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You see,
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Francis Crick was a materialist.
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He believed that the only things
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that exist are
the atoms essentially.
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And he was a brilliant man.
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And he wrote, I
believe, quite eloquently
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about science and about DNA.
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But at the end of the day,
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he imposed on
himself a philosophy
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that was intention with
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what he was observing in nature.
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And so he had to
make this rule for himself
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and for those who
believed in the same way.
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I, as a Christian,
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do not have to impose
blinders like this on myself.
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If something looks designed,
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then I am free to
interpret it as being designed.
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Yes.
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If it walks like a duck
and it quacks like a duck,
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I'm allowed to say it's a duck.
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Okay.
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So that is a big difference
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between the way that I think
and the way that Francis Crick,
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a man who I profoundly respect
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but disagree with on
this particular issue.
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So this is the structure.
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The double helix.
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The double helix that
Francis Crick figured out.
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So DNA, this amazing molecule
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that contains also to plans
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for how our body is going to be.
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This is what it
looks like. It's like...
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You can think of it as
like two spirals staircases
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that are
spiraling around each other.
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And the steps in there
are things that we call bases.
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So let's take a look at those.
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I'm going to sort of untwist
this molecule a little bit
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so that we can see
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what those A, Ts, and Gs, and Cs
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look like in there
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because those are the
really important things,
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that's where that
information is coded.
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And you can see
those molecules there,
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I'll put the As, and
Ts, and Gs, and Cs on there.
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Those are just
letters of the alphabet
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that we used to symbolize
these specific chemicals
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that you can see there.
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The great thing
about this structure...
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Well, there are
many, many, many things.
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But you can encode information
into that little alphabet,
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that four letter alphabet
all kinds of information.
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There are about three billion
of these A, Ts, Gs, and Cs
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in the human genome.
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That's amazing.
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And if I was to take the DNA
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that is inside
one of your cells,
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it would stretch out to
approximately two meters long.
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So it is longer
than you are tall.
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In just one cell? In
just one microscopic cell.
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That's amazing.
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There, it's all
packed up in there
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and that contains a
huge amount of information.
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Okay, what do the
P stand for? Protein?
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Those stand for
phosphates. Phosphates.
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Okay. Okay. Yes.
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So you can see that
they're joined together by this.
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It's a
phosphate, and then a sugar,
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and then a
phosphate, and then a sugar,
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and these bases,
the A, Ts, Gs, and Cs
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stick off the sugar path.
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So the backbone is that
sugar phosphate backbone that,
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oh, I would love to spend
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all the time talking about that,
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but we better not.
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Let's talk about these
As, and Ts, and Gs, and Cs.
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You can see that As and Ts
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always match up with each other.
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And Gs and Cs always
match up with each other.
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If we do, if we write
out a whole bunch of them,
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they would look
something like this.
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Now the great thing about
this double helical structure
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is that each side,
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each strand contains
100% of the information
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because of the rule
that As always match up
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with Ts and Gs
always match up with Cs.
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Okay.
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Let's see how it
works. All right.
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If you pull the
double helix apart,
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the two strands
apart, you can see,
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you get something like this.
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Well, in that top strand
there, the light pink one,
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the As are going
to match up with what?
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With the Ts. With
the T, you're right.
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So there is,
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I can know what the
other strand is going to be.
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On the basis of this,
it's going to start out with T.
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All right, so you
see some top to bottom,
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A, T, A,T...
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Precisely. T, A.
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Okay. Okay.
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So if you match things up,
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you see that you get
two identical strands
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when this
machinery of DNA replication
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comes in and adds them in.
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So how often is our
body replicating this?
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We're talking about
millions of times a day,
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billions of these
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replication
events occur in our body.
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And you can see that
because of the structure of DNA,
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the way that you can
unwind that double helix
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and get two strands each
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of which has a 100%
of that information.
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You can see why it is
so incredibly accurate.
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That is amazing.
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It is unbelievably
accurate what is going on there.
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Now, the important
thing about DNA is what?
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It's obviously
an amazing molecule,
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but it contains a language,
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information is encoded in there.
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We're not even going to
talk about that language,
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but let's just say
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this is the title
of a scientific paper,
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"The Genetic Code
is One in a Million."
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It is just a fantastic language
and will leave it at that.
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Okay. Okay.
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Let's look at
what a gene looks like.
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Now, genes are
what are encoded in DNA.
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They are like the
recipe for making the proteins
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that are found inside our bodies
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and in every other living thing.
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I want to point out something
interesting about genes.
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All right.
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Genes are made up of segments.
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They're called exons.
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So you can see I've numbered
the segments of this PITX2 gene
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as exons one through six.
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The cool thing
about each of these exons,
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each of these segments is
you can mix and match them.
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So if you put them together,
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if you use exons
one, two, five, and six,
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you'd make a protein
called PITX2 Isoform a.
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Don't worry about
the language there.
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Yes, okay.
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Just understand that
that's one kind of protein.
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Now this gene can make
another kind of protein
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by taking different segments.
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If it takes, one,
two, three, five, and six,
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it makes what's
called Isoform b.
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It's a related
protein but it's different.
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So how is that
working in our body?
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What this means is...
00:11:41.66\00:11:43.67
You can keep on doing this,
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you can make a
Isoform c as well.
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Okay.
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The point is, one protein
can make many different...
00:11:47.90\00:11:53.81
Sorry, one gene can
make many different proteins.
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That's why we have
little over 20,000 genes.
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But we have a
whole lot of proteins,
00:12:00.72\00:12:04.65
a lot more, a hundreds
or thousands of proteins,
00:12:04.69\00:12:07.19
different
proteins in our bodies.
00:12:07.22\00:12:08.56
And I remember from
one of your presentations
00:12:08.59\00:12:09.96
"The proteins
are the drive chefs."
00:12:09.99\00:12:12.29
Well, that's one protein in
one of the molecular machines.
00:12:12.33\00:12:16.40
Those molecular
machines are all made up of
00:12:16.43\00:12:18.73
many different proteins
00:12:18.77\00:12:20.77
that all have
to work together...
00:12:20.80\00:12:22.64
That's amazing.
In very precise way.
00:12:22.67\00:12:25.27
So yes,
00:12:25.31\00:12:27.01
what we see is that,
00:12:27.04\00:12:28.38
the genes are actually
information processing systems.
00:12:28.41\00:12:31.38
They have to decide
which protein to make.
00:12:31.41\00:12:34.42
We could go on
and on and on forever.
00:12:34.45\00:12:36.22
And this is
happening now thereon.
00:12:36.25\00:12:37.72
There's so much more
that we could talk about,
00:12:37.75\00:12:39.69
but there is just
a couple of things
00:12:39.72\00:12:42.16
that I want us to get
out of this information.
00:12:42.19\00:12:45.29
The Creator is revealed
in these molecules of life,
00:12:45.33\00:12:48.56
the DNA.
00:12:48.60\00:12:49.93
His wisdom is shown in His
choice of materials like DNA,
00:12:49.96\00:12:54.34
with its stability,
high coding efficiency
00:12:54.37\00:12:56.94
and associated
mechanism of copying.
00:12:56.97\00:12:59.67
And His wisdom appears
clearly in the information
00:12:59.71\00:13:02.78
that actually
encoded in the DNA.
00:13:02.81\00:13:06.61
That is so amazing
00:13:06.65\00:13:08.05
and I know
everybody's head is swimming
00:13:08.08\00:13:10.05
but please stay tuned.
00:13:10.09\00:13:11.45
We're going to be
back in just one minute.
00:13:11.49\00:13:13.72
And we will be
talking with a nano chemist,
00:13:13.76\00:13:15.99
who can tell us more.
00:13:16.02\00:13:17.63