We welcome you back again,
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that first program we
saw together was fascinating
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but we're glad
you're back for part two
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and we're gonna be
looking at the Middle East.
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You know, it's kind a
hot today here in Wichita,
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but it's much hotter
over in the Middle East
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for different reasons.
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There is a lot of unrest
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and tonight
hopefully we'll learn something
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that can help us understand
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more than just what we see
on the television many times.
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And we're glad that
you are here with us.
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Let's just bow our heads
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and ask the Lord to
bless us as we study together.
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Father in heaven,
we're indeed grateful
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that we can come and
that we can again learn
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and grow and we are thankful
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that You oversee
every part of the world,
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whether it is here,
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whatever place anyone
is watching this evening
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wherever anyone is
You oversee it all.
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We're thankful
for Your all powerful,
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all knowing love.
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Tonight we ask that Your spirit
would especially be with us
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this evening as
we study together
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and we come in
Christ name, amen.
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Before we look at the what
some have called the Holy City,
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we're going to
hear about the Holy City
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and again, Rafael
Scarfullery is with us
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and he's going to be
playing what I think many times
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as I listen to people as
what many people most enjoy
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and that is the piece
called "The Holy City."
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Thank you so much
Rafael, for that beautiful song.
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Truly enjoy that,
you told me earlier
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you began playing the guitar
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when you're 15?
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About 15, amazing.
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Well, we gonna go to Jerusalem
not to that Jerusalem perhaps,
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we're gonna go to a
little different Jerusalem
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tonight on the screen.
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We're glad that you
join us for this study
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"The Jew, The
Arab and Jerusalem."
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How many have you
been to Jerusalem?
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Few of you, one, two.
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Only two of you, okay.
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Well, tonight we're
gonna be going to Jerusalem
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and the nicest thing about is
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that you don't have to worry
about bombs tonight or bullets.
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You can go and see
all the sites of Jerusalem
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and its very, very
safe I guarantee it,
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right here in this church
or right here on your homes.
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Well, perhaps I
should really rename
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this evening presentation
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The Jew, The Arab,
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The Christian, The
Muslim, and Jerusalem.
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For technically there
are many Arab Christians
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as well as Arab Muslims.
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And by the way Arab Christians
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in their Bible call
the name of God, "Allah."
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And so a majority of the Arab
town of Bethlehem is Christian.
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A majority of the
Arab town of Ramallah
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in the West Bank is Christian.
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Yet the city of Jerusalem
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has long been divided
into the four quarters,
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the Jewish, the
Arab, the Armenian,
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and the Christian quarters.
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Jerusalem is a
tremendous city of significance
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to millions of people.
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Now Israel cannot
boast the pyramids of--
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of ancient
Greeks of ancient Egypt
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or the classical ruins
of the Acropolis of Greece,
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but this land alone lays
claim to the title Holy Land.
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Sacred as a spiritual epicenter
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for the three
monotheistic religions.
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Jerusalem draws
religions pilgrims
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from around the world
with an irresistible force.
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Now the name
Jerusalem means "City of Peace."
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But few cities have
been subject to more war
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or bloodshed than this one.
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During its 4,000 year history
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it's been besieged and
conquered by Israelites,
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and Egyptians, and Syrians,
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and Babylonians, and Persians,
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and Greeks, and
Romans, and Arabs, and Seljuqs,
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and Crusaders, and
Mameluks, and Ottomans,
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and The British,
and The Jordanians,
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and finally after 3,000 years
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Israelis have
conquered it once again.
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The city has
been totally erased,
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that is totally destroyed
on three different occasions.
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Once by the Babylonians in
586, once by the Romans in 70 AD
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and again by the
Romans in 135 AD.
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Now as you approach the city
of Jerusalem for the first time
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you are impressed by the walls
at loom large on the horizon.
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Inside the walls
of the old city--
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inside the walls lie
the old city of Jerusalem.
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Now coming from relatively
new land like America,
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we're not use to
wall cities, are we?
00:11:05.21\00:11:07.67
We don't really need them
at a time of mortar shells
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and airplanes that drop bombs.
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But through out the
long history of Jerusalem
00:11:12.75\00:11:15.37
these walls have been critical
to the defense of the city.
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One afternoon I was visiting
with Palestinian shepherds,
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near the Jaffa Gate
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along the walls of
the old city of Jerusalem.
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We set and we
visited it was during Ramadan
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and most of us have
learned more about Ramadan
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in the last few
years, haven't we?
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When Muslims did not
eat during the day time
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and so they were
sitting there with their sheep
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waiting for sunset so
that they could eat their meal,
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and I was visiting
with them and I laughed
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and I walked
across the Hidden Valley
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over to King David
Hotel into that area.
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And I heard what sounded
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like firecrackers
going off in the distance.
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As a matter of fact,
I turned to my friend
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and he said, oh,
they're celebrating,
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and I said, that's not
celebrating, that's a nosey.
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I said, we got to go, I
could see what happened.
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And he says, no, if it's
nosey, we are gonna back.
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And I said no, we're
gonna back and what happen.
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So ran back across
and would you believe it
00:12:04.23\00:12:07.11
the very men
that I been talking to
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just a few minutes earlier,
00:12:09.31\00:12:10.95
zealot had come by a
member of the Sakhara,
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had come by an
emptied two flips of the nosey
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into the four men.
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Well, I went the next morning
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and I was amazed as I actually
saw the blood on the rocks.
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One man lost his life
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and other three
were critically injured.
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And I was amazed that
how that the peace I'd sense,
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the fragile peace on
previous visit Jerusalem
00:12:32.46\00:12:35.00
had now been removed.
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As a hostilities
were spilling out
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and even blood was
spilling on to the rocks.
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Well, City of
Jerusalem has a seven open gates
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that lead into the city.
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The Saint Stephen's Gate,
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that you see in the picture of
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is known as Saint Stephen's Gate
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because it's
believed that Stephen was lead
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through that gate
to the Kidron Valley
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that be stoned, it's
also know as the Lions Gate
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because there are
embossed lions above them.
00:12:59.76\00:13:01.85
Then there are-- are gates
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that lead to the
north The Herod's Gate,
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The Damascus Gate,
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There is a gate to the
east a New Gate, the Jaffa Gate,
00:13:07.90\00:13:11.53
there is a gate to the
south called The Zion Gate,
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and it's a even a gate to
the south called the Dung Gate.
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Can you imagine
what went through that?
00:13:15.85\00:13:17.69
You know, that was
gonna taking animal bodies
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and things like
that from the temple
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out to be burned in
the Valley of Hinnom,
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which we also think
of as Gehenna or Hell.
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And so things will
be burned out there.
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Well, I have to confess I spend
over three months in Jerusalem
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and no matter
which gate I through,
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I still get lost
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and I'm wandering
around in the Old City.
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But I loved to
wander through that city
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to walk on the
narrow cobblestone walkways
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and streets, and the
twist trough the fruit markets,
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and the spice
markets, and the meat markets,
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and the clothing bazaars.
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Not to mention the one
selling religious goods
00:13:49.55\00:13:51.55
to pilgrims and tourists.
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As you walk through the streets
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and as you talk
to the shopkeepers
00:13:54.87\00:13:56.64
you sense an uneasy peace
and this the city of peace.
00:13:56.67\00:14:01.52
During the first intifada
00:14:01.55\00:14:03.24
I actually had to run
through the Damascus Gate
00:14:03.27\00:14:05.81
because tear gas had been shot.
00:14:05.84\00:14:07.86
Had to cover our
faces to the escape
00:14:07.89\00:14:10.02
that chocking sensation.
00:14:10.05\00:14:11.85
And I remember
walking down the street
00:14:11.88\00:14:14.34
and-- and being confronted
by mass Palestinian youths
00:14:14.37\00:14:17.77
with Palestinian
flags over their faces
00:14:17.80\00:14:19.87
and rocks in their hands,
and it was very unnerving.
00:14:19.90\00:14:22.96
During my last trip
when we were working
00:14:22.99\00:14:25.06
on the series on "Life of Paul,"
00:14:25.09\00:14:26.42
we were filming
there, we were there for week
00:14:26.45\00:14:28.47
and we had three car bombs
00:14:28.50\00:14:30.22
during the week that went
off in the city of Jerusalem.
00:14:30.25\00:14:32.17
And so the easy fragile
peace that have been there is
00:14:32.20\00:14:36.28
now been
replaced and you sense it,
00:14:36.31\00:14:38.99
it's a very discouraging thing.
00:14:39.02\00:14:42.02
I have to tell you this,
00:14:42.05\00:14:44.01
there is no market
that I'd rather visit
00:14:44.04\00:14:46.17
than the Old Souq of Jerusalem.
00:14:46.20\00:14:48.40
The color, the smells, the food,
00:14:48.43\00:14:51.73
the shopkeeper who
actually challenges you
00:14:51.76\00:14:54.09
not to buy his goods,
00:14:54.12\00:14:55.80
haggles and ancient
customing the bazaar
00:14:55.83\00:14:58.11
with for carved
olive wood from Bethlehem
00:14:58.14\00:15:00.74
or in laid boxes from Damascus
00:15:00.77\00:15:02.64
or ancient coins
on earth in a dig
00:15:02.67\00:15:05.63
or better one
garments that sought,
00:15:05.66\00:15:07.57
hello, hello, its
beckons you to come in,
00:15:07.60\00:15:10.30
sit down and have a cup of tea
00:15:10.33\00:15:11.97
and haggle over something
that they want to sell to you.
00:15:12.00\00:15:15.42
None but the most iron willed
00:15:15.45\00:15:17.04
will leave without
purchasing something.
00:15:17.07\00:15:19.54
Baklava, I had
some today with pastor.
00:15:19.57\00:15:22.38
You know that,
wonderful pastries
00:15:22.41\00:15:24.05
made with walnuts.
00:15:24.08\00:15:25.11
In this part of the world,
00:15:25.14\00:15:26.17
it's made with pistachios
in that part of the world.
00:15:26.20\00:15:28.45
I have to tell
you that there are--
00:15:28.48\00:15:29.56
that I have maybe a kilo
00:15:29.59\00:15:30.95
to sustain me on
my journeys over there
00:15:30.98\00:15:33.54
and that part of the world.
00:15:33.57\00:15:34.88
I was a wondering around
the old streets of Jerusalem
00:15:34.91\00:15:36.95
and saw this man, he
was making sort of a pancake
00:15:36.98\00:15:39.53
and so I said, okay,
I'll buy a kilo of it
00:15:39.56\00:15:41.73
and I ordered a kilo
00:15:41.76\00:15:43.12
and ultimately
as up in the Galileo
00:15:43.15\00:15:45.05
and I had to
feed it to the birds,
00:15:45.08\00:15:46.11
I couldn't take it, it was
just didn't taste good at all.
00:15:46.14\00:15:48.74
But anyway the
Baklava was great anyway.
00:15:48.77\00:15:52.91
Fruits always seem to be
00:15:52.94\00:15:54.00
in a great
abundance in Jerusalem.
00:15:54.03\00:15:56.25
This lady here, she
had a portable store,
00:15:56.28\00:15:59.40
she was carrying
the oranges on her head,
00:15:59.43\00:16:01.20
she had the little
scale on her blouse
00:16:01.23\00:16:03.26
and she get wiped it out
and just a moments times.
00:16:03.29\00:16:05.75
She seems to
also have two prices,
00:16:05.78\00:16:08.02
one for everybody
else and one for me.
00:16:08.05\00:16:10.48
So, the sites and
sounds of the spices market
00:16:10.51\00:16:15.39
and the coffee
section are essential to lie.
00:16:15.42\00:16:17.13
I'm a vegetarian so I try
and avoid the meat market,
00:16:17.16\00:16:19.60
but it seems like every
time that's where I ended up
00:16:19.63\00:16:21.81
when I'm wandering
around in Old Jerusalem.
00:16:21.84\00:16:24.48
We're in the Old City
is also the Via Dolorosa,
00:16:24.51\00:16:27.39
the 14 stations with the cross,
00:16:27.42\00:16:29.73
the holiest spots
within Christendom.
00:16:29.76\00:16:32.49
Within the Old City is
also the Western Walls,
00:16:32.52\00:16:35.08
some people call
it the Wailing Wall,
00:16:35.11\00:16:37.76
know as a place where
Jews have come for centuries
00:16:37.79\00:16:40.95
to mourn the
loss of their temple.
00:16:40.98\00:16:43.44
And of course
dominating the city state
00:16:43.47\00:16:45.59
is the Dome of the
Rock, the Dome of the Rock,
00:16:45.62\00:16:48.87
third holiest spot
in the Islamic world.
00:16:48.90\00:16:52.07
Now tonight, before we explore
00:16:52.10\00:16:54.50
the holy places of
these three religions,
00:16:54.53\00:16:56.86
I want to share with you
00:16:56.89\00:16:58.21
the historical
background of the city
00:16:58.24\00:17:00.04
in the religions within.
00:17:00.07\00:17:01.57
You see all three religions
00:17:01.60\00:17:02.99
they look back to
a common ancestor,
00:17:03.02\00:17:06.06
to a spiritual
ancestor by the name of Abraham.
00:17:06.09\00:17:11.01
Abraham was known
as the Khalil of God,
00:17:11.04\00:17:13.38
the friend of God, he is known
the father of the faithful.
00:17:13.41\00:17:16.66
All three religions look
back to one and the same God,
00:17:16.69\00:17:20.16
they look back to common stories
00:17:20.19\00:17:21.94
found in the Hebrew's scriptures
00:17:21.97\00:17:23.77
also called the Old Testament.
00:17:23.80\00:17:26.06
Nowhere is this
clearer than down in Hebron
00:17:26.09\00:17:28.79
where Abraham bought a
cave from Ephron for 400 shekels
00:17:28.82\00:17:32.89
in which he buried Sarah.
00:17:32.92\00:17:34.55
Later the patriarch
himself will be buried here
00:17:34.58\00:17:37.17
with his son Isaac
and his grandson Jacob
00:17:37.20\00:17:40.70
and their wives.
00:17:40.73\00:17:42.49
This was a very special place.
00:17:42.52\00:17:44.38
Now inside the
building is a Jewish synagogue
00:17:44.41\00:17:49.97
and a Muslim Mosque.
00:17:50.00\00:17:51.71
On my earlier trip in
1987 we discovered that the...
00:17:51.74\00:17:57.50
here we have the cave,
00:17:59.01\00:18:00.29
the building that King
Herod built in honor of Abraham
00:18:00.32\00:18:06.55
and his burials.
00:18:06.58\00:18:08.65
Here and on my earlier
trip I was able to go in,
00:18:08.68\00:18:12.06
you could sense the uneasy peace
00:18:12.09\00:18:14.09
between the Jewish synagogue
and a Muslim mosque there.
00:18:14.12\00:18:17.49
But a several years later a
real tragedy took place here,
00:18:17.52\00:18:21.53
a zealot came in and he
open fire on the worshipers
00:18:21.56\00:18:25.49
who are inside.
00:18:25.52\00:18:26.80
He unloaded his bullets
and you can actually see them
00:18:26.83\00:18:29.64
here on the
screen some of the places
00:18:29.67\00:18:32.33
where the bullets
actually ricochet off
00:18:32.36\00:18:36.63
and there were a
number of worshipers
00:18:36.66\00:18:38.65
who were killed that day.
00:18:38.68\00:18:39.71
And so there is a terrible
tension between the peoples,
00:18:39.74\00:18:42.77
now as a dividing wall
00:18:42.80\00:18:44.74
between the
synagogue and the mosque,
00:18:44.77\00:18:46.48
and it has a higher
security of experienced
00:18:46.51\00:18:48.92
in the entire country of Israel.
00:18:48.95\00:18:51.00
Very, very high security.
00:18:51.03\00:18:52.98
Well, Abraham came down
00:18:53.01\00:18:54.40
and he steeled in a
place called Beersheba.
00:18:54.43\00:18:56.84
He dug a well here.
00:18:56.87\00:18:58.64
And he found a peace
treaty with the local people.
00:18:58.67\00:19:01.37
He maintained extensive flocks
00:19:01.40\00:19:03.79
and live in a goat hair tent
00:19:03.82\00:19:05.64
much like the modern
better one lived today.
00:19:05.67\00:19:08.19
Now the tents are very
particle in this hot climate
00:19:08.22\00:19:11.42
because they are very portable,
00:19:11.45\00:19:13.13
and during hot weather
00:19:13.16\00:19:14.51
you can just kind
of bring the sides up
00:19:14.54\00:19:16.31
and the breeze
will flow through,
00:19:16.34\00:19:18.12
they are also
warm in the winter,
00:19:18.15\00:19:19.79
and they are also
very, very expensive.
00:19:19.82\00:19:22.30
Goat hair tents fascinate me.
00:19:22.33\00:19:23.81
There was a
special place up in Tarsus
00:19:23.84\00:19:26.40
called Cilicia by the Romans.
00:19:26.43\00:19:28.57
And you might
remember that cilia is hair
00:19:28.60\00:19:30.68
because they-- they had a--
00:19:30.71\00:19:32.00
they developed a
special breed of goats
00:19:32.03\00:19:33.89
up in the mountains grown
nowhere else in the world.
00:19:33.92\00:19:36.52
And when took the
cilia from those goats
00:19:36.55\00:19:38.09
or the hair and you made
it into the goat hair tent
00:19:38.12\00:19:40.74
it allowed smoke from your camp
fire to pass through the tent.
00:19:40.77\00:19:44.02
It allows
sunshine to string through,
00:19:44.05\00:19:46.19
and it repelled rain.
00:19:46.22\00:19:47.58
It was the cortex
fabric of the day.
00:19:47.61\00:19:49.93
And by the way,
just for a bit of trivia,
00:19:49.96\00:19:52.69
Paul was from that
area of Tarsus in Cilicia,
00:19:52.72\00:19:56.07
and what was Paul by trade?
00:19:56.10\00:19:57.97
A tent maker.
00:19:58.00\00:19:59.03
I've often wondered do you think
00:19:59.06\00:20:00.09
he actually sewed tents
00:20:00.12\00:20:01.84
or do you think he was
a prevarior of goat tents?
00:20:01.87\00:20:04.37
It had the best
connection in the world
00:20:04.40\00:20:05.89
for the finest
material in the world
00:20:05.92\00:20:07.60
for making goat hair tents.
00:20:07.63\00:20:10.06
Well, I went down to Beersheba,
00:20:10.09\00:20:11.29
I wanted to research
the lifestyle of Abraham.
00:20:11.32\00:20:14.45
The well in the
town is named after him
00:20:14.48\00:20:16.69
although it's actually
dug after he was there.
00:20:16.72\00:20:19.84
We are on a tight budget
00:20:19.87\00:20:20.90
so we slept on the
ancient Tel that night,
00:20:20.93\00:20:23.58
and we slept inside the walls
00:20:23.61\00:20:25.79
and it was very-- very
nice, very comfortable.
00:20:25.82\00:20:29.56
The next morning I
was up before sunrise
00:20:29.59\00:20:31.56
because I was researching
the lifestyle of Abraham,
00:20:31.59\00:20:33.85
and so I went down I
found this Family Nowade.
00:20:33.88\00:20:37.30
I saw flocks of sheep and
goats and camels going down
00:20:37.33\00:20:40.58
and this family was
there washing their animals
00:20:40.61\00:20:44.05
before shearing them
and sending them to market.
00:20:44.08\00:20:46.68
And so the animals
would resist the efforts girls
00:20:46.71\00:20:49.38
and finally a
brother would get them
00:20:49.41\00:20:50.83
and pull him
into the watering hole
00:20:50.86\00:20:52.20
and they pass them
from one to another
00:20:52.23\00:20:53.70
and finally the
father would inspect them
00:20:53.73\00:20:55.38
and soggy animal would try
00:20:55.41\00:20:57.07
and make his way out
of the watering hole.
00:20:57.10\00:20:59.99
I went back and found my
son, who was 10-years-old
00:21:00.02\00:21:02.17
he had made friends
with the Babylon boy
00:21:02.20\00:21:03.75
who was watching
a group of camels.
00:21:03.78\00:21:05.57
And so they were taking
turn for riding the camels,
00:21:05.60\00:21:07.68
Steven would ride for a while
00:21:07.71\00:21:08.76
and then the other boy
would ride for a while.
00:21:08.79\00:21:10.69
And so even though
they couldn't speak
00:21:10.72\00:21:12.57
the same language
00:21:12.60\00:21:13.67
they were able to have
the language of friendship
00:21:13.70\00:21:16.18
and I was very pleased by that.
00:21:16.21\00:21:18.55
Yes, the ruins of
the they Tel at Beersheba
00:21:18.58\00:21:22.31
did not go back
to Abraham's time,
00:21:22.34\00:21:24.84
but they-- the well
that we see in the town
00:21:24.87\00:21:28.19
will be very similar to
the one that Isaac dug here.
00:21:28.22\00:21:31.54
In a presentation that we
saw earlier fabulous tales
00:21:31.57\00:21:34.56
the Tel tells
00:21:34.59\00:21:35.76
we talk about some tablets
discovered in nosey that--
00:21:35.79\00:21:38.52
that explained the
custom of how a barren woman
00:21:38.55\00:21:41.75
could choose a
surrogate for her husband
00:21:41.78\00:21:45.02
to have an heir through.
00:21:45.05\00:21:46.66
And as I said, I'm
sure that she found
00:21:46.69\00:21:49.28
the most beautiful
woman in the village
00:21:49.31\00:21:50.93
and said honey, this is the
one that you can have, right?
00:21:50.96\00:21:53.81
Well, anyway probably
didn't have enquired that way
00:21:53.84\00:21:57.00
and but the law guaranteed
the rights of the slave girl
00:21:57.03\00:22:01.91
but the law also said that
00:22:01.94\00:22:03.25
if the-- the
wife the original wife
00:22:03.28\00:22:05.94
later had a child that
child was to be the heir.
00:22:05.97\00:22:10.38
And so we think about this story
00:22:10.41\00:22:13.16
playing out, taking place.
00:22:13.19\00:22:15.54
Sarah suggested that
Abraham follow this custom
00:22:15.57\00:22:19.35
and she gave him her handmaid
00:22:19.38\00:22:22.41
whose is an
Egyptian maid servant Hagar.
00:22:22.44\00:22:25.43
They had a child and
the child was named Ishmael.
00:22:25.46\00:22:30.74
Ishmael, you
see, el, e-l is God.
00:22:30.77\00:22:34.06
It means God hears, God hears.
00:22:34.09\00:22:37.22
Abraham loved that boy,
00:22:37.25\00:22:39.45
but as you can imagine
there was an uneasy tension
00:22:39.48\00:22:41.88
between Sarah and
Hagar in the home.
00:22:41.91\00:22:44.92
He loved that boy
but 14 years later
00:22:44.95\00:22:49.36
he had a child through his wife
00:22:49.39\00:22:53.06
and they named the
child Laughter, right.
00:22:53.09\00:22:57.38
She was laugh--I'm an old
woman I can't have a child.
00:22:57.41\00:23:00.60
She began to laugh
and the angel said that,
00:23:00.63\00:23:03.05
and so when he was
born they named him Laughter
00:23:03.08\00:23:05.46
which means Isaac today.
00:23:05.49\00:23:07.54
And so the
domestic trouble increased
00:23:07.57\00:23:10.82
between Hagar and Sarah
00:23:10.85\00:23:13.53
and finally, when
Ishmael was 17-years-old
00:23:13.56\00:23:17.98
he and his mother
had to leave the camp.
00:23:18.01\00:23:21.01
It was difficult for
Abraham to send them away.
00:23:21.04\00:23:23.79
They wandered
out the Bible says,
00:23:23.82\00:23:25.27
and they came
through a bush in the desert
00:23:25.30\00:23:28.34
and there is--
Hagar would be sat down
00:23:28.37\00:23:31.09
and began to cry.
00:23:31.12\00:23:32.78
She thought they're
gonna die in the wilderness.
00:23:34.14\00:23:36.92
The Lord appeared to her
and showed her a well nearby
00:23:36.95\00:23:39.72
and then the Lord
proclaimed this name to Hagar.
00:23:39.75\00:23:42.93
He said, I-- My name is Elroy,
El God, the God who truly sees.
00:23:42.96\00:23:49.93
God saw Hagar and
Ishmael in their plight
00:23:49.96\00:23:53.48
and He answered their prayer
00:23:53.51\00:23:54.92
and you know what,
00:23:54.95\00:23:56.10
He sees us in
our situations today
00:23:56.13\00:23:58.12
no matter how
difficult they might be.
00:23:58.15\00:24:00.63
Hence we pray He is the
Elroy, the God who truly sees.
00:24:00.66\00:24:06.18
No matter what we go through
we need to remember that.
00:24:06.21\00:24:08.94
Well, God came and
he promised to Hagar
00:24:08.97\00:24:11.37
that he would make her
son Ishmael a might nation,
00:24:11.40\00:24:14.76
that he would be
the father of 12 rulers.
00:24:14.79\00:24:18.74
And indeed Ishmael became
the father of the Arab tribes
00:24:18.77\00:24:22.19
who inhabit this
part of the land today.
00:24:22.22\00:24:25.29
Jews are the
decedents of Abraham
00:24:25.32\00:24:27.11
through the line
of Isaac and Jacob.
00:24:27.14\00:24:30.75
Another nation of the
past were the Edomites.
00:24:30.78\00:24:32.88
Remember were the
Edomites came from?
00:24:32.91\00:24:34.60
They lived down in thatcher
we saw in a presentation
00:24:34.63\00:24:38.17
"Fabulous Tales The Tel Tells."
00:24:38.20\00:24:40.78
That was Jacob's twin brother.
00:24:40.81\00:24:43.83
Now Abraham had a nephew
and his nephew's name was Lot.
00:24:43.86\00:24:49.29
Lot had two daughters.
00:24:49.32\00:24:51.33
He was the father
and the grandfather,
00:24:51.36\00:24:54.11
go figure of two
boys named Moab and Ammon.
00:24:54.14\00:24:59.98
Today the Hashemite kingdom
of Jordan is the land of Moab,
00:25:00.01\00:25:04.04
the capital of Jordan is Ammon.
00:25:04.07\00:25:07.19
Can you hear it? Ammon.
00:25:07.22\00:25:08.77
Ammon we see the name
of Lot son and grandson
00:25:08.80\00:25:11.96
as the capital of the
kingdom of Jordan today.
00:25:11.99\00:25:14.81
So these are the players,
00:25:14.84\00:25:16.08
these are the
people who were there.
00:25:16.11\00:25:18.22
Isaac and
Ishmael seem to be able
00:25:18.25\00:25:20.29
to get along quite well together
00:25:20.32\00:25:21.96
while they were alive.
00:25:21.99\00:25:23.54
They participated in a joint
burial of their father Abraham.
00:25:23.57\00:25:28.14
But through the
years their descendants
00:25:28.17\00:25:30.90
have disagreed and fought.
00:25:30.93\00:25:32.88
They go back to
a common ancestor,
00:25:32.91\00:25:35.51
but their animosities
it run very, very deep.
00:25:35.54\00:25:38.93
Abraham was instructed by God
00:25:38.96\00:25:40.57
to take his son to Mount
Moriah and to sacrifice him.
00:25:40.60\00:25:44.72
It was a test of his faith.
00:25:44.75\00:25:45.85
Now the Bible is very clear
00:25:45.88\00:25:46.95
that his son that was
taken to Mount Moriah was Isaac,
00:25:46.98\00:25:51.00
however it is
interesting in Muslim tradition,
00:25:51.03\00:25:53.72
it was not Isaac who
was taken but, Ishmael.
00:25:53.75\00:25:57.50
Very interesting, isn't it?
00:25:57.53\00:25:59.12
Well, the Bible tells us
that Isaac willingly went
00:25:59.15\00:26:01.18
with his father
up to Mount Moriah,
00:26:01.21\00:26:02.58
high place outside
of Salem or Jerusalem
00:26:02.61\00:26:05.43
and as they were going
along remember Isaac said,
00:26:05.46\00:26:08.18
dad, we have
wood and we have fire,
00:26:08.21\00:26:11.29
but where is the sacrifice?
00:26:11.32\00:26:13.43
And Abraham said, prophetically,
00:26:13.46\00:26:15.35
God Himself will
provide a sacrifice.
00:26:15.38\00:26:20.12
And as Isaac willing
laid there on the altar
00:26:20.15\00:26:23.21
Abraham raised his hand
and the angel stopped his hand
00:26:23.24\00:26:27.16
with the knife and it saying,
00:26:27.19\00:26:28.81
now I know that you love me
00:26:28.84\00:26:30.26
for you've not
withheld from your only son.
00:26:30.29\00:26:33.02
And Abraham turned
over into the bushes
00:26:33.05\00:26:34.92
he saw a ram caught in
the think it by its horns.
00:26:34.95\00:26:39.92
And that was Mount Moriah
00:26:39.95\00:26:42.89
the same place that Jesus would
later wear a crown of thrones
00:26:42.92\00:26:48.84
as the Lamb of God
as He went to Calvary.
00:26:48.87\00:26:52.12
And so we see the
story run very, very deep.
00:26:52.15\00:26:55.37
Mount Moriah was in the vicinity
00:26:55.40\00:26:57.27
of that small
Canaanite village Salem.
00:26:57.30\00:26:59.82
It was a Canaanite high place,
00:26:59.85\00:27:01.89
later it will be the
sight of Solomon's temple.
00:27:01.92\00:27:05.28
Abraham paid
tithe to Melchizedek
00:27:05.31\00:27:07.59
who was the
priest king of Salem.
00:27:07.62\00:27:10.20
The Israelites came in and
they took the Promise Land,
00:27:10.23\00:27:13.66
they destroyed but did
not occupy the side of Salem,
00:27:13.69\00:27:16.61
the Jebusites
returned and live there.
00:27:16.64\00:27:19.68
It was know as
the city of Jebus,
00:27:19.71\00:27:22.00
before David's time.
00:27:22.03\00:27:23.54
When David came in he wanted
to unify the entire territory
00:27:23.57\00:27:27.90
and so she came in and
tried to take the city of Jebus,
00:27:27.93\00:27:31.61
the Jebusites city.
00:27:31.64\00:27:32.67
He was confidant by a
well fortified city however.
00:27:32.70\00:27:35.85
And the Jebusites
inside their walled city
00:27:35.88\00:27:40.21
said this to David and his man,
00:27:40.24\00:27:41.94
"You will not get in here,
00:27:41.97\00:27:43.66
even the blind and the
lame can ward you off."
00:27:43.69\00:27:47.87
Well, history
reveals the Jebusites
00:27:47.90\00:27:50.33
were overly confident in
the security of their city.
00:27:50.36\00:27:54.33
David and his men look
for a weakness to exploit.
00:27:54.36\00:27:58.11
There was only
one source of water
00:27:58.14\00:28:00.10
for the city of Jerusalem,
00:28:00.13\00:28:01.95
it was known as the Gihon Spring
00:28:01.98\00:28:04.64
and it was outside of
the walls of the city.
00:28:04.67\00:28:08.52
And so the people of Jebusites
00:28:08.55\00:28:10.81
they had developed the
tunnel that you could go down
00:28:10.84\00:28:13.73
and you could
drop your water bucket
00:28:13.76\00:28:15.88
on a rope down into the spring,
00:28:15.91\00:28:18.28
you can get your
water bring it up
00:28:18.31\00:28:19.76
and go back into the city.
00:28:19.79\00:28:21.36
So David and his men
began to examine the city
00:28:21.39\00:28:24.47
and think what can we do?
00:28:24.50\00:28:25.91
Well, the Bible tells
us what they would do.
00:28:25.94\00:28:28.45
The Bible identifies it
00:28:28.48\00:28:29.66
and says, "On
that day David said,
00:28:29.69\00:28:32.20
'Anyone who
conquers the Jebusites
00:28:32.23\00:28:34.42
will have to use the water shaft
00:28:34.45\00:28:36.22
to reach those "lame and blind"
who are David's enemies.'"
00:28:36.25\00:28:40.40
The Bible tell us the
Joab scaled up the shaft,
00:28:40.43\00:28:43.37
he came into the
city, open the gates
00:28:43.40\00:28:45.34
and David and his men came in
00:28:45.37\00:28:46.57
and they
conquered the Jebusites city
00:28:46.60\00:28:48.89
and it forever the--
or it became the capital.
00:28:48.92\00:28:53.04
David and his men
actually moved in there.
00:28:53.07\00:28:55.96
Charles Warren has
excavated the sight
00:28:55.99\00:28:59.09
in 1870 with
excavating in Jerusalem,
00:28:59.12\00:29:01.49
he discovered the shaft through
which Joab entered the city.
00:29:01.52\00:29:04.84
Today it's been
clear that it challenges
00:29:04.87\00:29:06.49
modern Joab's
to climb its walls.
00:29:06.52\00:29:08.66
Well, David
established his residence here
00:29:08.69\00:29:11.33
at Mount Ophel,
00:29:11.36\00:29:12.88
it became known
as the City of David,
00:29:12.91\00:29:16.41
the City of David.
00:29:16.44\00:29:17.71
Today the City of
David actually lies
00:29:17.74\00:29:19.64
outside of the
present walls of Jerusalem.
00:29:19.67\00:29:22.46
And here is the City of David
00:29:22.49\00:29:24.07
outside the
present walls of Jerusalem.
00:29:24.10\00:29:26.74
And but this was
the original city
00:29:26.77\00:29:28.60
and it was built down
at the base of the hill
00:29:28.63\00:29:31.05
because that where
the source of water was.
00:29:31.08\00:29:34.27
They haven't developed
the technology of cistern jet,
00:29:34.30\00:29:36.66
like we talked about in
our previous presentation.
00:29:36.69\00:29:39.52
And so they have to live
down at the base of the hill
00:29:39.55\00:29:43.04
and over a period of time
they developed new technologies
00:29:43.07\00:29:46.30
and they move up to
the top of the hill.
00:29:46.33\00:29:49.32
They move up to
the top of the hill.
00:29:49.35\00:29:50.54
So David establishes his royal
residence here on Mount Ophel
00:29:50.57\00:29:54.92
and he expands
and fortifies the city
00:29:54.95\00:29:58.04
and he ultimately
brings the Ark of the Covenant
00:29:58.07\00:30:02.75
to the city of Jerusalem.
00:30:02.78\00:30:04.26
By doing that he
forever united the religious
00:30:04.29\00:30:07.58
and the
political center into one.
00:30:07.61\00:30:10.76
He was not however
permitted to build the--
00:30:10.79\00:30:14.78
he was not
permitted to build the temple
00:30:14.81\00:30:17.64
because he had
blood on his hands,
00:30:17.67\00:30:19.90
but he was able to purchase
the threshing floor of Ornan
00:30:19.93\00:30:23.20
for the temple
site and he was able
00:30:23.23\00:30:25.51
to gather the materials so that
his son might build the temple
00:30:25.54\00:30:29.18
there on that site.
00:30:29.21\00:30:30.74
Solomon would build
the temple around 960 BC.
00:30:30.77\00:30:34.16
He would enlarge
and beautify the city.
00:30:34.19\00:30:36.62
Two hundred and
fifty years later
00:30:36.65\00:30:38.28
King Hezekiah was
confronted by the Syrians
00:30:38.31\00:30:40.56
and he hardly
refortify the city of Jerusalem.
00:30:40.59\00:30:43.56
He remembered the
weakness of the water source
00:30:43.59\00:30:46.60
and so he said we have
to do something for this.
00:30:46.63\00:30:49.89
Now Hezekiah prayed, he
met with Isaiah the prophet
00:30:49.92\00:30:52.56
and they prayed and they prayed
00:30:52.59\00:30:54.41
but he said the water source
is still outside the city,
00:30:54.44\00:30:59.03
we have to do something.
00:30:59.06\00:31:00.42
And so they began
to build the tunnel.
00:31:00.45\00:31:02.48
They build a tunnel
you can see in the pictures
00:31:02.51\00:31:04.08
people are actually
walking in the water,
00:31:04.11\00:31:05.58
the water is about
knee deep to waist deep
00:31:05.61\00:31:07.46
and they built this
tunnel to bring the water
00:31:07.49\00:31:10.23
inside the city wall
00:31:10.26\00:31:11.60
so they'd be
protected from the Assyrians
00:31:11.63\00:31:13.73
who are coming down
to try and take the city.
00:31:13.76\00:31:17.46
The water ultimately emptied
00:31:17.49\00:31:20.05
into what is known
as a pool of Siloam.
00:31:20.08\00:31:22.63
You read about that in
New Testament, don't you?
00:31:22.66\00:31:24.15
Jesus worked a
miracle at the pool of Siloam.
00:31:24.18\00:31:26.86
Well, there was a
fascinating experience
00:31:26.89\00:31:28.63
that happened here
a number of years ago.
00:31:28.66\00:31:30.38
There are some
children playing in 1880
00:31:30.41\00:31:32.59
and they
discovered an inscription
00:31:32.62\00:31:34.39
about how this tunnel was built.
00:31:34.42\00:31:36.90
Now I want to read it to you,
00:31:36.93\00:31:37.99
it says, "When the
tunnel was driven through,
00:31:38.02\00:31:41.08
while were still axe
each man toward his fellow."
00:31:41.11\00:31:44.65
In other words the
Assyrians are coming,
00:31:44.68\00:31:46.29
the enemies are coming,
00:31:46.32\00:31:47.45
they are coming
to take you city,
00:31:47.48\00:31:48.54
and they started
building the tunnel
00:31:48.57\00:31:49.86
from two different directions
00:31:49.89\00:31:51.15
so their axes are
against each other, okay.
00:31:51.18\00:31:53.12
Talking about quarter of a
mile they are trying to dig.
00:31:53.15\00:31:56.37
"Each man toward his fellow
00:31:56.40\00:31:57.90
and while there were still
three cubits to be cut through,
00:31:57.93\00:32:00.40
there was heard the voice
of a man calling to his fellow,
00:32:00.43\00:32:02.92
for there was an
overlap on the rock
00:32:02.95\00:32:04.12
on the right and on the left."
00:32:04.15\00:32:05.18
You get the picture?
00:32:05.21\00:32:06.24
They are coming
from different directions
00:32:06.27\00:32:07.35
but they miss each
other by three feet,
00:32:07.38\00:32:09.02
but they can hear
each other calling.
00:32:09.05\00:32:10.60
They're
underground about 150 feet
00:32:10.63\00:32:12.32
under the ground
and so they are excited.
00:32:12.35\00:32:14.39
And as you
actually go down this tunnel
00:32:14.42\00:32:16.44
you can actually feel
00:32:16.47\00:32:17.80
and see the pick
marks in the wall
00:32:17.83\00:32:20.16
and you can see
them going one direction
00:32:20.19\00:32:21.97
and then soon you can see
them coming the other direction.
00:32:22.00\00:32:24.68
And again the
Assyrians are coming,
00:32:24.71\00:32:25.98
these were the
bad guys of antiquity.
00:32:26.01\00:32:27.69
They're coming,
we're gonna talk about them
00:32:27.72\00:32:28.75
on Sunday evening
"When Iraq Ruled The World"
00:32:28.78\00:32:30.85
and they are coming
to conquer the city.
00:32:30.88\00:32:32.53
Well, we go on
with the inscription,
00:32:32.56\00:32:35.41
"And when the
tunnel was driven through
00:32:35.44\00:32:37.25
the quarrymen hewed the rock,
each man toward his fellow,
00:32:37.28\00:32:41.00
axe against axe
and the water flowed
00:32:41.03\00:32:43.91
from the spring toward the
reservoir for 1,200 cubits,
00:32:43.94\00:32:47.98
and the height of the rock
00:32:48.01\00:32:49.08
above the heads of the quarrymen
00:32:49.11\00:32:50.72
was 100 cubits."
00:32:50.75\00:32:52.77
Can you imagine it, 1,200 cubits
00:32:52.80\00:32:55.21
that means 1,800 feet they
had tunneled under the ground--
00:32:55.24\00:32:58.46
tunnel from two
different directions
00:32:58.49\00:33:00.48
and they-- they met each other,
150 feet under the ground.
00:33:00.51\00:33:04.06
Now the water is
ailed to flow safely
00:33:04.09\00:33:06.27
into the city of Jerusalem,
00:33:06.30\00:33:07.63
they close up the
entrance to the Gihon Spring,
00:33:07.66\00:33:10.18
and the Assyrians
cannot poison their water
00:33:10.21\00:33:12.88
or they cannot enter into
the city in that direction.
00:33:12.91\00:33:15.77
Well, the tunnel
came out as I said,
00:33:15.80\00:33:17.06
in the pool of
Siloam, within the city walls,
00:33:17.09\00:33:19.45
the city would now have a safe
00:33:19.48\00:33:20.70
and secure source of
water during siege the same pool
00:33:20.73\00:33:24.02
where Jesus healed
the man by telling him
00:33:24.05\00:33:25.84
to go and wash
his eyes in the pool,
00:33:25.87\00:33:28.30
and his eyes were healed.
00:33:28.33\00:33:29.69
He was no longer blind.
00:33:29.72\00:33:31.15
Today it's a place
where children love to fall,
00:33:31.18\00:33:33.05
they can play
on hot summer days.
00:33:33.08\00:33:35.50
Well, I immerged in
the tunnel during the visit
00:33:35.53\00:33:38.93
during the intifada
there was a lot of excitement,
00:33:38.96\00:33:40.92
as a Palestinian flag
had been painted there
00:33:40.95\00:33:42.99
and-- and we had the
ushered away very, very rapidly.
00:33:43.02\00:33:46.55
Hezekiah also extended the wall.
00:33:46.58\00:33:48.79
He fortified the
cities, he extended the wall
00:33:48.82\00:33:51.48
and on the screen
00:33:51.51\00:33:53.00
you can see a picture
of Hezekiah's new wall,
00:33:53.03\00:33:56.11
and he built this
wall up to defend the city
00:33:56.14\00:34:00.13
and today has been excavated
00:34:00.16\00:34:01.56
and you can actually see this
00:34:01.59\00:34:04.40
as you go into a
place called the Cardo.
00:34:04.43\00:34:07.10
The Cardo was an
interesting section
00:34:07.13\00:34:09.42
of the Jewish
quarter of the city.
00:34:09.45\00:34:11.56
It has unusual shops
00:34:11.59\00:34:13.67
that are down into the
old archeological ruins.
00:34:13.70\00:34:17.04
The wall was eight meters
above the street in those days,
00:34:17.07\00:34:20.03
but today its several
stories below the modern street.
00:34:20.06\00:34:24.91
Remember what I told
you in our presentation
00:34:24.94\00:34:27.16
"Fabulous Tales The Tel
Tells" over period of time,
00:34:27.19\00:34:29.76
cities tend to grow vertically
00:34:29.79\00:34:32.39
and you can see
this very clearly here.
00:34:32.42\00:34:34.82
Several pits
have actually been dug
00:34:34.85\00:34:37.06
that actually show
the level of the city
00:34:37.09\00:34:39.36
in the days of Hezekiah.
00:34:39.39\00:34:41.02
Now Jerusalem survived
the siege of Sennacherib
00:34:41.05\00:34:44.02
the Assyrian king when the
other cities of Judah fell,
00:34:44.05\00:34:46.96
but 100 years
later a Babylonian king
00:34:46.99\00:34:49.69
came under the leadership
of a guy name Nebuchadnezzar.
00:34:49.72\00:34:52.98
Nebuchadnezzar,
now Sunday evening
00:34:53.01\00:34:54.92
we are gonna talk about
"When Iraq Ruled The World"
00:34:54.95\00:34:56.80
and how God gave
a prophecy to this--
00:34:56.83\00:34:58.92
this ancient Iraqi
king Nebuchadnezzar.
00:34:58.95\00:35:01.73
Well,
Nebuchadnezzar besieges the city
00:35:01.76\00:35:03.62
the king surrendered in 605 BC
00:35:03.65\00:35:06.34
and the king took several
of the princes of Jerusalem off
00:35:06.37\00:35:10.52
in the captivity in the Babylon,
00:35:10.55\00:35:12.82
including Denial
and his three friends.
00:35:12.85\00:35:16.37
And there they
were able to witness
00:35:16.40\00:35:18.51
before the king of
Babylon in ancient Iraq.
00:35:18.54\00:35:22.08
Now there were
several interesting ostracon
00:35:22.11\00:35:24.34
that were
discovered in the gate tower
00:35:24.37\00:35:26.32
of the city called Lachish.
00:35:26.35\00:35:27.88
We talked about ostracon
when they would write on--
00:35:27.91\00:35:29.79
on pieces of
pottery, you know that.
00:35:29.82\00:35:31.90
And these ostracon were found
00:35:31.93\00:35:33.49
and they said, the signifiers
of Hezekiah have seized.
00:35:33.52\00:35:39.24
Now these, the
nearest town to us
00:35:39.27\00:35:41.66
they can't signal us anymore
00:35:41.69\00:35:42.95
because the Assyrians
have conquered the city
00:35:42.98\00:35:45.27
and they coming after us next.
00:35:45.30\00:35:47.22
And indeed that's what they did,
00:35:47.25\00:35:48.31
they came, they
conquered the city of Lachish.
00:35:48.34\00:35:50.72
It fell, it was destroyed,
00:35:50.75\00:35:52.24
it was a
terrible, terrible time,
00:35:52.27\00:35:54.29
but they came on and they were
not able to conquer Jerusalem.
00:35:54.32\00:35:58.11
The Assyrian king
couldn't conquer Jerusalem.
00:35:58.14\00:35:59.85
As a matter of
fact, he wrote on his--
00:35:59.88\00:36:02.92
he wrote on his prism
00:36:02.95\00:36:04.06
that I had Hezekiah
the Jew caged like a bird
00:36:04.09\00:36:08.05
in his royal city of Jerusalem.
00:36:08.08\00:36:10.65
But it was sore grapes
00:36:10.68\00:36:11.85
because he
couldn't capture the city.
00:36:11.88\00:36:14.51
The city was
delivered from his hand.
00:36:14.54\00:36:17.44
Well, there is a--
00:36:17.47\00:36:19.67
here we can see the
old ruins of Mount Ophel
00:36:19.70\00:36:22.00
and the City of David
from the time of Jeremiah,
00:36:22.03\00:36:24.08
that had been excavated.
00:36:24.11\00:36:25.43
But I was most
fascinated by this,
00:36:25.46\00:36:27.54
because this is--
00:36:27.57\00:36:28.60
this is the
broad wall of Hezekiah
00:36:28.63\00:36:32.22
and they found this ash
layer and on the ash layer
00:36:32.25\00:36:37.09
they found these spear
heads, can you see them?
00:36:37.12\00:36:39.87
These are
Babylonians sphere heads
00:36:39.90\00:36:42.03
expended by
Nebuchadnezzar's army
00:36:42.06\00:36:44.23
when he conquered
Jerusalem in 605 BC.
00:36:44.26\00:36:47.92
Isn't amazing?
00:36:47.95\00:36:49.09
And so they-- they
found these sphere heads
00:36:49.12\00:36:51.78
and it just conforms the story
00:36:51.81\00:36:53.55
that we read
about in our Bibles.
00:36:53.58\00:36:55.59
Well, the Persians
permitted the Jews to return
00:36:55.62\00:36:57.23
and rebuilt the
city, and the temple,
00:36:57.26\00:36:59.37
in 515 the
government was restored
00:36:59.40\00:37:01.47
and the walls were rebuilt.
00:37:01.50\00:37:03.45
Alexander the
Great was the next ruler
00:37:03.48\00:37:05.46
who came to the area,
00:37:05.49\00:37:06.98
and Alexander the Great
was very found of the Jews.
00:37:07.01\00:37:09.39
So matter of fact,
00:37:09.42\00:37:10.45
he the Jewish writings tell us
00:37:10.48\00:37:13.24
that he actually
seen a vision of someone
00:37:13.27\00:37:16.31
coming out in white garments
00:37:16.34\00:37:17.51
and the high
priest went out to met him
00:37:17.54\00:37:18.82
and went out and
according to the story
00:37:18.85\00:37:21.06
actually tells
him about Alexander
00:37:21.09\00:37:24.06
being named in
prophecy in Daniel Chapter 8
00:37:24.09\00:37:27.66
and I think
you're gonna be studying
00:37:27.69\00:37:28.72
about some of
those great prophecies
00:37:28.75\00:37:29.95
as this series continues.
00:37:29.98\00:37:31.39
Daniel Chapter 8 and that
00:37:31.42\00:37:32.91
he was
identified as a goat there.
00:37:32.94\00:37:34.89
Well, that's was
kind of impressive
00:37:34.92\00:37:35.97
because the goat was victorious,
00:37:36.00\00:37:37.54
Alexander became a
defender of the Jews
00:37:37.57\00:37:39.65
and then that was
great but future kings,
00:37:39.68\00:37:41.83
they were not so kind.
00:37:41.86\00:37:43.41
Some of the kings
were really very bad.
00:37:43.44\00:37:46.74
There was a king by
the name of Antiochus,
00:37:46.77\00:37:48.90
Antiochus IV Epiphanes,
00:37:48.93\00:37:50.62
and he actually goes
in and he takes a pig
00:37:50.65\00:37:53.48
and he scarifies it and
puts it on the Jewish altar.
00:37:53.51\00:37:55.83
Well, a pig is unclean to Jews.
00:37:55.86\00:37:57.55
And so this was a
major desecration.
00:37:57.58\00:38:00.09
And so they would not be
so kind as time would pass.
00:38:00.12\00:38:03.09
Well, the next people
who would come and rule
00:38:03.12\00:38:05.66
would be the Romans.
00:38:05.69\00:38:07.89
And the Romans appointed a king
00:38:07.92\00:38:10.87
by the name of Herod to
rule over the city in 37 BC.
00:38:10.90\00:38:14.06
He repaired the
walls of Jerusalem
00:38:14.09\00:38:15.77
and he adorned the temple
00:38:15.80\00:38:19.21
and he rebuilt the
city in classical style.
00:38:19.24\00:38:22.57
The temple was
five centuries old
00:38:22.60\00:38:24.31
and so King Herod, he
actually restored the temple.
00:38:24.34\00:38:28.49
Now he could not
enlarge the temple itself,
00:38:28.52\00:38:31.59
he couldn't make
the temple any bigger
00:38:31.62\00:38:33.06
but he could enlarge
the plaza on which it stood.
00:38:33.09\00:38:36.23
And King Herod made it
00:38:36.26\00:38:38.45
the largest man made gathering
place in the ancient world.
00:38:38.48\00:38:41.65
It was large enough
for 10 soccer fields
00:38:41.68\00:38:45.11
with the bleachers to be
inside the gates of the temple,
00:38:45.14\00:38:48.19
okay, the temple court.
00:38:48.22\00:38:49.75
It was larger than
the esplanade of the plaza
00:38:49.78\00:38:52.45
and on the Acropolis of Athens,
00:38:52.48\00:38:54.50
the largest man made gathering
place in the ancient world.
00:38:54.53\00:38:57.59
So Herod does this,
he decorates the temple
00:38:57.62\00:38:59.39
with marble and gold and it
was a fabulous, fabulous scene.
00:38:59.42\00:39:03.85
Now the Rabbi's
didn't like Herod very much.
00:39:03.88\00:39:05.76
He was actually
related to Edom and Esau
00:39:05.79\00:39:08.54
and they didn't
like that very much
00:39:08.57\00:39:09.75
and they kept saying,
you're not a pure blood,
00:39:09.78\00:39:11.01
so you know, he did?
00:39:11.04\00:39:12.07
He burned down the
section of the temple
00:39:12.10\00:39:14.43
had all the records in
it, and he said now you prove
00:39:14.46\00:39:16.05
your pure blood, all right.
00:39:16.08\00:39:17.73
Okay, so he
doesn't like it very much,
00:39:17.76\00:39:19.69
but the Rabbi's actually said,
00:39:19.72\00:39:22.44
"He who has not set eyes
upon the structure of Herod
00:39:22.47\00:39:25.79
has not seen a structure
of beauty in all of his life."
00:39:25.82\00:39:29.66
Herod couldn't
enlarge the temple
00:39:29.69\00:39:31.91
but he could
cover with white marble
00:39:31.94\00:39:33.74
and he could put
gold on the lintels.
00:39:33.77\00:39:36.00
He could enlarge the platform.
00:39:36.03\00:39:37.59
Yes, it was a fabulous
building over 200,000 people
00:39:37.62\00:39:40.35
could congregate
inside of the temple courts.
00:39:40.38\00:39:44.49
Well, the Tyropoeon
Valley ran beside the temple
00:39:44.52\00:39:46.97
and here is when
the Tyropoeon Valley,
00:39:47.00\00:39:48.55
he place these
gigantic foundation stones
00:39:48.58\00:39:50.98
over 40 feet long, he
made the joints so perfect
00:39:51.01\00:39:54.20
that you didn't have to
use mortar between them.
00:39:54.23\00:39:57.01
It was a fabulous building.
00:39:57.04\00:39:58.51
It had eight gates
00:39:58.54\00:39:59.95
that opened to the
different points of the compass.
00:39:59.98\00:40:02.82
The Huldah Gate was named
after the prophetess Huldah,
00:40:02.85\00:40:06.74
and it fronted down
the to the City of David.
00:40:06.77\00:40:08.81
Jesus would have
walked up on the stairs
00:40:08.84\00:40:11.02
to go through these
gates into the temple
00:40:11.05\00:40:13.90
from the City of
David down below.
00:40:13.93\00:40:16.29
Herod expanded the
southern realm with--
00:40:16.32\00:40:18.26
he widened
the-- the Royal Porch.
00:40:18.29\00:40:20.51
He put a 162
Corinthian columns there,
00:40:20.54\00:40:23.51
four straightly rows.
00:40:23.54\00:40:24.91
This was the area of
the court of the gentiles
00:40:24.94\00:40:27.51
and there was sign it
said if you're gentile
00:40:27.54\00:40:29.28
and you pass here
and you loose your life,
00:40:29.31\00:40:31.59
we've warned
you, don't come here,
00:40:31.62\00:40:33.79
don't come here.
00:40:33.82\00:40:35.09
Well, it was a fabulous city.
00:40:35.12\00:40:37.75
There were two royal
stoa as it went across,
00:40:37.78\00:40:42.82
one for priest, one
for the royalty of the king
00:40:42.85\00:40:45.92
and led up into the upper city.
00:40:45.95\00:40:47.42
It was fabulous city and
we can see the ruins today.
00:40:47.45\00:40:51.23
There were
actually three valleys
00:40:51.26\00:40:53.12
that cut through
the city of Jerusalem,
00:40:53.15\00:40:55.32
making it on five hills.
00:40:55.35\00:40:56.52
And it's important
to understand this,
00:40:56.55\00:40:58.27
there was-- these
three hills and...
00:40:58.30\00:41:04.75
and the three valleys
00:41:06.31\00:41:07.74
and here we have a picture
00:41:07.77\00:41:08.81
on the coming on
of a burned house.
00:41:08.84\00:41:11.53
What's significant
about this picture is
00:41:11.56\00:41:13.41
that in 70 AD the
city was destroyed.
00:41:13.44\00:41:17.29
Now we're talking
about prophecy here as well,
00:41:17.32\00:41:19.38
and Jesus actually predicted
the city will be destroyed.
00:41:19.41\00:41:22.85
Here we see the
ruins of a priestly house
00:41:22.88\00:41:27.11
upon top of the hill
that was destroyed in 70 AD
00:41:27.14\00:41:30.81
in fulfillment
of Jesus prophecy.
00:41:30.84\00:41:32.63
Here we see a Menorah
00:41:32.66\00:41:34.18
and what significant
about this Menorah is
00:41:34.21\00:41:36.97
that is different than Menorah
00:41:37.00\00:41:38.96
that Titus put on to
his Triumphal Arch in Rome.
00:41:38.99\00:41:42.48
What so special about that?
00:41:42.51\00:41:43.64
Well, this took place
00:41:43.67\00:41:45.05
right before the temple
was destroyed, and so many feel
00:41:45.08\00:41:48.06
that this would be
much more reflective
00:41:48.09\00:41:49.98
of what the
Menorah actually was in
00:41:50.01\00:41:51.89
when the Titus had
stylized when he built the--
00:41:51.92\00:41:56.52
the Triumphal Arch back in Rome.
00:41:56.55\00:41:59.85
Herod also built this building
00:41:59.88\00:42:01.12
this is called
the Antonia Fortress.
00:42:01.15\00:42:03.34
He named it after Mark Antony,
was right there on the edge,
00:42:03.37\00:42:05.86
like they have soldiers
00:42:05.89\00:42:06.97
because often
they were uprisings
00:42:07.00\00:42:08.71
that were taking place in
the temple-- temple walls.
00:42:08.74\00:42:13.52
As I said, Jerusalem
is built on five hills,
00:42:13.55\00:42:15.89
there are three valleys,
00:42:15.92\00:42:17.12
and here we can see
some of the valleys,
00:42:17.15\00:42:20.61
this is actually
the Thyropian Valley,
00:42:20.64\00:42:22.59
that right along
the edge of the temple
00:42:22.62\00:42:24.51
and came down by
the pool of Siloam.
00:42:24.54\00:42:26.59
Out side the city is
another very famous valley
00:42:26.62\00:42:28.81
is called the Kidron Valley.
00:42:28.84\00:42:30.56
Kidron valley ran
right by the Mount of Olives.
00:42:30.59\00:42:32.71
And then there
was another valley
00:42:32.74\00:42:33.78
it's quite important
00:42:33.81\00:42:34.85
it's called the
Valley of Hinnom,
00:42:34.88\00:42:35.93
I mention that a
minute ago, Gus valley,
00:42:35.96\00:42:38.47
Gehenna is a Valley
of Hinnom, all right.
00:42:38.50\00:42:41.05
And remember the Dung gate
00:42:41.08\00:42:42.16
dumped out into
the Valley of Hinnom,
00:42:42.19\00:42:43.96
and so that's where
they actually burn things
00:42:43.99\00:42:46.38
and so it was a dump in
Bible times it actually burned
00:42:46.41\00:42:50.26
and that's where we get
the idea of burning Gehenna
00:42:50.29\00:42:52.51
or burning hell, okay.
00:42:52.54\00:42:54.29
And I was quite
surprised during the intifada
00:42:54.32\00:42:56.88
because I was there,
they were had a rock concert
00:42:56.91\00:42:59.11
about a week before
with Bob Dylan there.
00:42:59.14\00:43:01.14
But this
particular Sabbath afternoon,
00:43:01.17\00:43:03.50
hell was burning again.
00:43:03.53\00:43:05.47
It was not burning
because of the animals,
00:43:05.50\00:43:07.94
it was burning because of
tires they been brought there
00:43:07.97\00:43:10.47
during the
uprising called the intifada
00:43:10.50\00:43:12.50
by the Palestinians.
00:43:12.53\00:43:13.99
And it reminds us again
00:43:14.02\00:43:15.11
the uneasy peace in
this part of the world.
00:43:15.14\00:43:18.14
Well, the Mount Olives is
associated with so many stories
00:43:18.17\00:43:21.55
relating to Jesus, so many
shrines marking what Jesus did.
00:43:21.58\00:43:25.66
On the top of
the hill is a church
00:43:25.69\00:43:27.57
that actually commemorates
for Jesus ascended to heaven.
00:43:27.60\00:43:30.37
There is another
church that commemorates the--
00:43:30.40\00:43:32.82
the prayer of Jesus in
over 40 different languages,
00:43:32.85\00:43:37.16
the prayer of Jesus.
00:43:37.19\00:43:38.57
My favorite church
on the Mount of Olives
00:43:38.60\00:43:40.82
is called Dominus
Flevit, the Lord wept.
00:43:40.85\00:43:43.46
It's a Roman Catholic Church
00:43:43.49\00:43:45.04
in its form in
the shape of a tear.
00:43:45.07\00:43:47.36
And I love to go there and
I love to go and sing hymns,
00:43:47.39\00:43:49.40
it's really wonderful acoustics
00:43:49.43\00:43:50.87
but what so special
there is a actually a mosaic
00:43:50.90\00:43:54.28
and I call it
the chicken mosaic.
00:43:54.31\00:43:56.17
And the chicken
mosaic is special
00:43:56.20\00:43:57.51
because Jesus paused here
and He said, "O, Jerusalem,
00:43:57.54\00:44:00.99
Jerusalem, you
who kill the prophets
00:44:01.02\00:44:03.39
and stone those sent to you,
00:44:03.42\00:44:05.51
how often I have longed to
gather your children together,
00:44:05.54\00:44:08.46
as a hen gathers her
chicks under her wings,
00:44:08.49\00:44:11.48
but you were not willing.
00:44:11.51\00:44:13.99
Look, your house is
left on to you desolate."
00:44:14.02\00:44:19.05
Mathew 23:37, 38.
00:44:19.08\00:44:22.08
Jesus stopped on this spot
and He is looking across the--
00:44:22.11\00:44:25.38
the Kidron Valleys,
00:44:25.41\00:44:27.25
He is looking
across at the temple
00:44:27.28\00:44:28.47
and He looks
across at the temple,
00:44:28.50\00:44:30.77
His disciples gather
around and say, "O, Lord
00:44:30.80\00:44:32.90
what a marvelous
building our people have built.
00:44:32.93\00:44:35.02
Isn't this marvelous?"
00:44:35.05\00:44:36.41
Look at this."
00:44:36.44\00:44:38.01
And Jesus makes a
stunning prophecy,
00:44:38.04\00:44:42.18
a stunning prophecy,
00:44:42.21\00:44:43.73
He said, "You see, all
this marvelous buildings,
00:44:43.76\00:44:45.54
I tell you the time is coming
when not one stone will be left
00:44:45.57\00:44:50.39
standing upon another."
00:44:50.42\00:44:52.86
The disciples are
shocked, how could that be?
00:44:52.89\00:44:54.82
This is a fabulous
building, it's well protected.
00:44:54.85\00:44:57.54
Jesus actually predicted
the destruction of the temple,
00:44:59.64\00:45:02.40
He said, "And they shall not
leave one stone upon another."
00:45:02.43\00:45:06.57
Luke 19:44.
00:45:06.60\00:45:08.84
He then gave them a sign
as to when this would happen.
00:45:08.87\00:45:11.89
He said "When you see Jerusalem
being surrounded by armies,
00:45:11.92\00:45:14.86
you will know that
its desolation is near.
00:45:14.89\00:45:17.72
Then let those who are in
Judea flee to the mountains,
00:45:17.75\00:45:20.15
let those in the city get out,
00:45:20.18\00:45:22.17
and let those in the
country not enter the city."
00:45:22.20\00:45:26.03
Jesus predicted the destruction
of the city of Jerusalem.
00:45:26.06\00:45:30.40
He gave a sign to His followers.
00:45:30.43\00:45:31.84
He say, "When you see those
armies surrounding Jerusalem,
00:45:31.87\00:45:33.82
you know it's time to get out.
00:45:33.85\00:45:35.75
This is what
happened historically.
00:45:37.42\00:45:39.84
Revolt broke out
against Romans 66 AD,
00:45:39.87\00:45:42.32
when Jewish zealots part of
the Sicarii the "dagger-men,"
00:45:42.35\00:45:46.58
they ambushed
Roman soldiers at Masada.
00:45:46.61\00:45:51.08
Later that year Cestius
Callus he came down from Syria
00:45:51.11\00:45:55.71
and he attacked Jerusalem.
00:45:55.74\00:45:57.79
But then for some
seemingly unknown reason
00:45:57.82\00:45:59.93
he withdrew his troops.
00:45:59.96\00:46:02.58
Well, the people inside
said, God's getting us victory,
00:46:02.61\00:46:05.09
and they went
chasing after them,
00:46:05.12\00:46:07.16
but the people
who listened to Jesus,
00:46:07.19\00:46:09.40
they didn't go
chasing after them
00:46:09.43\00:46:11.52
because Jesus had given a sign.
00:46:11.55\00:46:13.53
When you see the
armies surround Jerusalem,
00:46:13.56\00:46:16.86
you know that its
destruction is nigh.
00:46:16.89\00:46:19.78
And so when the armies laughed
00:46:19.81\00:46:21.53
and zealots went
chasing after them,
00:46:21.56\00:46:23.87
the people, the
believers, disciples,
00:46:23.90\00:46:27.13
who believed in
the words of Jesus,
00:46:27.16\00:46:28.59
who headed the word of prophecy,
00:46:28.62\00:46:30.43
they left the city and
their lives were spared.
00:46:30.46\00:46:34.18
For a year later Titus
returned with his legions
00:46:34.21\00:46:38.87
and surrounded
the city of Jerusalem,
00:46:38.90\00:46:41.59
and besieged it
until it was destroyed
00:46:41.62\00:46:46.27
and fulfillment
of Jesus prophecy.
00:46:46.30\00:46:49.30
It was an incredible
time, four legions of soldiers,
00:46:49.33\00:46:52.62
they built battering
rams and siege engines,
00:46:52.65\00:46:54.85
they pelted the city.
00:46:54.88\00:46:56.28
A breach was
made and they caught
00:46:57.33\00:46:59.42
fleeing citizens as
they try to go away,
00:46:59.45\00:47:01.97
and Josephus tells us
that they actually put people
00:47:02.00\00:47:04.61
on crosses until there
were no trees left in the city.
00:47:04.64\00:47:08.89
It was terrible time.
00:47:08.92\00:47:11.27
The city continued to hold
out for another five months
00:47:11.30\00:47:14.31
and they made another breach
00:47:14.34\00:47:15.72
and the soldiers had
entrance into the city.
00:47:15.75\00:47:17.83
The zealots took
refuge in the temple.
00:47:17.86\00:47:20.73
Now its fascinating Titus
had given specific instructions
00:47:20.76\00:47:23.68
do not destroy the temple,
00:47:23.71\00:47:25.88
it's a most beautiful
building upon the earth,
00:47:25.91\00:47:27.78
don't destroy the temple.
00:47:27.81\00:47:30.23
And yet the zealots
went into the temple
00:47:30.26\00:47:32.34
and of course you will see
for a prophet when now said,
00:47:32.37\00:47:35.83
God's gonna give us deliverance.
00:47:35.86\00:47:37.37
We'll fight from
temple, God is for us
00:47:37.40\00:47:39.33
because we're
God special people.
00:47:39.36\00:47:41.71
And so they went to the
temple and they began to fight.
00:47:41.74\00:47:44.77
Roman soldiers through a
fire brand in to smoke them out,
00:47:44.80\00:47:47.98
they caught the
cedars of Lebanon on fire,
00:47:48.01\00:47:50.43
the fire raged,
00:47:50.46\00:47:51.57
the God melted went
down between the stones.
00:47:51.60\00:47:54.80
And so after
destroying the people
00:47:54.83\00:47:58.57
they took the stones apart,
00:47:58.60\00:47:59.89
one stone after the other that
they might recover the gold,
00:47:59.92\00:48:03.17
that it melted, and
went down between the stones.
00:48:03.20\00:48:06.72
It was a terrible time
00:48:06.75\00:48:08.32
over a million
Jews lost their lives
00:48:08.35\00:48:10.24
according to Josephus.
00:48:10.27\00:48:11.73
The charged temple stones
were throne down into the--
00:48:11.76\00:48:14.10
to the Tyropoeon Valley,
00:48:14.13\00:48:15.18
you can see them
today, they been excavated.
00:48:15.21\00:48:17.39
I'm standing beside one
you can see how large it is.
00:48:17.42\00:48:19.57
You actually see the
fire marks on the stones.
00:48:19.60\00:48:22.45
Josephus says,
that the fire was so hot
00:48:22.48\00:48:24.42
there were
explosions being heard.
00:48:24.45\00:48:25.76
Well, they didn't have
arms like they have today.
00:48:25.79\00:48:28.02
The fire was so hot
that the lime stone,
00:48:28.05\00:48:29.97
the water in the
lime stone began to expand
00:48:30.00\00:48:32.15
and they cause this
terrible cracking sound.
00:48:32.18\00:48:34.76
And then those
stones were pushed over
00:48:34.79\00:48:36.66
and as you go
there, you can touch them,
00:48:36.69\00:48:38.12
you can see them,
00:48:38.15\00:48:39.18
in fulfillment
of Jesus prophecy.
00:48:39.21\00:48:42.07
Only the larger
stones of the western wall,
00:48:42.10\00:48:44.53
the retaining wall
are still intact today.
00:48:44.56\00:48:47.08
Here Jews have
come for centuries
00:48:47.11\00:48:49.52
to mourn the
loss of their temple
00:48:49.55\00:48:50.78
as know as the Western
Wall, the Wailing Wall.
00:48:50.81\00:48:53.71
It's the holiest spot
on the world for Judaism.
00:48:53.74\00:48:56.58
The ravages of the
destruction of Jerusalem
00:48:56.61\00:48:58.51
are apparent here
at the burnt house,
00:48:58.54\00:49:00.48
recently discovered.
00:49:00.51\00:49:01.77
You can see the ash
layers there on the ground,
00:49:01.80\00:49:04.61
you can see where
things actually fell in 70 AD
00:49:04.64\00:49:07.42
in fulfillment
of Jesus prophecy.
00:49:07.45\00:49:09.28
They found bodies there
in position showing that
00:49:09.31\00:49:11.38
they were trying to
get out through the sewers.
00:49:11.41\00:49:13.26
It was a tremendous--
00:49:13.29\00:49:15.03
tremendous
destruction that took place.
00:49:15.06\00:49:17.26
It was a great
victory for Titus.
00:49:18.60\00:49:20.26
Titus came back
00:49:20.29\00:49:21.32
and he commemorated this victory
00:49:21.35\00:49:24.22
by building the Triumphal
Arch, here in the city of Rome.
00:49:24.25\00:49:27.46
What's fascinating
about this arch is,
00:49:27.49\00:49:29.42
that you can see
that he is coming back,
00:49:29.45\00:49:31.14
he had captives in his--
00:49:31.17\00:49:32.80
in his train to
use a biblical term
00:49:32.83\00:49:34.65
and you can see the articles
of furniture from the temple.
00:49:34.68\00:49:38.12
There you can see
the Jewish Menorah,
00:49:38.15\00:49:39.90
you can see some of the--
00:49:39.93\00:49:41.11
the other articles
that he took back to Rome.
00:49:41.14\00:49:43.93
Titus took this
booty back to Rome
00:49:43.96\00:49:45.80
and he used it to
build a large building
00:49:45.83\00:49:49.94
called the Colosseum.
00:49:49.97\00:49:51.78
The Colosseum and it
was called the Colosseum
00:49:51.81\00:49:54.81
because it was built down
by a colossal statue of Nero,
00:49:54.84\00:49:58.33
one of the former rulers.
00:49:58.36\00:49:59.67
And so it was the Jewish booty
00:49:59.70\00:50:00.94
that actually financed
the building of the Colosseum
00:50:00.97\00:50:03.83
there in Rome.
00:50:03.86\00:50:05.37
Well, 62 years later
the last Jewish revolt
00:50:05.40\00:50:08.48
took place under the
leadership of Simon Bar Kokhba.
00:50:08.51\00:50:11.72
He was
proclaimed messiah by a man,
00:50:11.75\00:50:16.08
a Rabbi named Rabbi Akiva,
00:50:16.11\00:50:18.36
that wasn't
unusual that Rabbi Akiva.
00:50:18.39\00:50:20.78
He was the Rabbi who
transitioned temple Judaism
00:50:20.81\00:50:23.93
to modern Judaism.
00:50:23.96\00:50:25.68
He's a leading man of the day
00:50:25.71\00:50:27.26
and he comes to
this man Simon Bar Kosaba
00:50:27.29\00:50:30.13
and he renames
in Simon Bar Kokhba,
00:50:30.16\00:50:32.69
Bar is son of
and Kokhba is star.
00:50:32.72\00:50:37.16
Simon the Son of a Star.
00:50:37.19\00:50:38.76
Do you remember that
prophecy about the star?
00:50:38.79\00:50:40.73
Star-- Balaam said, shall rise,
00:50:40.76\00:50:43.41
okay, and so he
names him messiah.
00:50:43.44\00:50:47.07
This messiah leads
the people in Jerusalem
00:50:47.10\00:50:50.49
to another revolt.
00:50:50.52\00:50:51.88
He leads to another Jewish war.
00:50:51.91\00:50:53.34
They take up arms,
00:50:53.37\00:50:54.95
and they chase the
Romans out of the city.
00:50:54.98\00:50:56.84
As a matter of fact
they, they make coins
00:50:56.87\00:50:59.63
and these coins are stamped
00:50:59.66\00:51:00.76
with the words
"Freedom of Israel"
00:51:00.79\00:51:03.60
and indeed they run the people
out of the city for three years
00:51:03.63\00:51:09.08
then Hadrian returns.
00:51:09.11\00:51:11.74
Hadrian comes down
with the vengeance.
00:51:11.77\00:51:14.47
He comes down and he
sacks the city of Jerusalem.
00:51:14.50\00:51:17.26
He raises the city, he
scrims it flat to the rocks.
00:51:17.29\00:51:20.75
So when walking the
old city of Jerusalem,
00:51:20.78\00:51:22.55
when you walk on those
old cobblestone streets,
00:51:22.58\00:51:24.36
they don't go back
at the time of Jesus,
00:51:24.39\00:51:26.12
they go back to the time of
Hadrian in the second century.
00:51:26.15\00:51:29.17
He built a new city
called the Aelia Capitolina,
00:51:29.20\00:51:31.18
the new capital of Rome.
00:51:31.21\00:51:32.25
It was built on
prudential Roman style.
00:51:32.28\00:51:35.62
What's fascinating is, he
made a decree for bidding Jews
00:51:35.65\00:51:41.29
to come within 50
miles of Jerusalem.
00:51:41.32\00:51:44.75
Now at this time
00:51:44.78\00:51:45.88
Christians were
considered a sect of the Jews,
00:51:45.91\00:51:48.89
at least in the western part--
the eastern part of the empire.
00:51:48.92\00:51:53.23
In Palestine they
considered the sect of the Jews,
00:51:53.26\00:51:55.21
so that meant that
00:51:55.24\00:51:56.50
Christians couldn't go
to the city of Jerusalem.
00:51:56.53\00:51:59.17
So the Christians in
Rome and in Alexandria,
00:51:59.20\00:52:01.49
they began to try and
distinguish themselves
00:52:01.52\00:52:04.11
from Jews so they
could go back to Jerusalem
00:52:04.14\00:52:06.67
and not be punished with Jews.
00:52:06.70\00:52:08.97
And this lead to some
very interesting things
00:52:09.00\00:52:11.71
that would later
impact Christian teachings
00:52:11.74\00:52:14.45
and Christian
doctrines in years to come
00:52:14.48\00:52:17.00
because of the anti-Semitism
that went back to that point.
00:52:17.03\00:52:21.42
Well, Bar Kokhba
00:52:21.45\00:52:24.47
lead this rebellion
Hadrian came through,
00:52:24.50\00:52:27.18
he destroyed the city, he
annihilated the population,
00:52:27.21\00:52:30.74
Jerusalem was turn
into a heathen city,
00:52:30.77\00:52:32.53
Jews were barred from it.
00:52:32.56\00:52:34.65
Hadrian built a temple to
Jupiter on the Temple Mount,
00:52:34.68\00:52:42.23
and he went to the
place for the Christians
00:52:42.26\00:52:43.53
honored the crucifixion,
resurrection of Jesus
00:52:43.56\00:52:45.52
and he built the
temple to Venus there.
00:52:45.55\00:52:48.34
A temple to Venus there.
00:52:48.37\00:52:49.66
Well, Rome was not very kind,
00:52:49.69\00:52:54.37
but what a contrast we have
between Jesus and Bar Kokhba.
00:52:54.40\00:52:59.24
Bar Kokhba died with
the sword in his hand,
00:52:59.27\00:53:02.48
Jesus died saying, "My
kingdom is not of this world."
00:53:02.51\00:53:07.43
What a contrast, what an
ending for the two people.
00:53:07.46\00:53:11.88
Two hundred years later,
00:53:14.78\00:53:17.15
after the conversion
of the Emperor Constantine
00:53:17.18\00:53:19.81
to Christianity.
00:53:19.84\00:53:21.78
His mother Helena would
go to this part of the world
00:53:21.81\00:53:23.62
and she searched out
the different holy spots,
00:53:23.65\00:53:26.55
and she came and
she asked the Christians
00:53:26.58\00:53:29.27
where was Jesus
crucified and buried?
00:53:29.30\00:53:32.61
And they took her to the place
where the temple of Venus was,
00:53:32.64\00:53:36.38
where Hadrian had desecrated
the site 200 years earlier.
00:53:36.41\00:53:39.96
And that's where
she built the church
00:53:39.99\00:53:41.40
for the Holy Sepulchre
over that ancient place.
00:53:41.43\00:53:44.78
So most likely
this would the place
00:53:44.81\00:53:47.67
where Jesus was
actually crucified
00:53:47.70\00:53:50.24
and rose from the dead.
00:53:50.27\00:53:52.19
This would be the place.
00:53:52.22\00:53:53.25
Well, beginning of
the seventh century,
00:53:53.28\00:53:55.61
there is a
Persians sweeping through,
00:53:55.64\00:53:57.72
they destroy Christians
through the whole area.
00:53:57.75\00:54:00.11
They butchered Christians,
they sell them in slavery,
00:54:00.14\00:54:02.12
it was a terrible time.
00:54:02.15\00:54:03.47
The Byzantine
Emperor and Constantine
00:54:03.50\00:54:05.13
he liberates the city 15 years
later in 629 that eight years
00:54:05.16\00:54:08.94
after that the
whole dynamic changes.
00:54:08.97\00:54:12.10
A Muslim army stands
at the gates of Jerusalem,
00:54:12.13\00:54:16.10
and they initiate what's
they called a Jihad, right.
00:54:16.13\00:54:19.22
A Jihad and so we see that
00:54:19.25\00:54:21.64
there something new
is going back and forth
00:54:21.67\00:54:23.75
between Christians and
Muslims, back and forth
00:54:23.78\00:54:26.45
and it would burn for centuries.
00:54:26.48\00:54:28.36
According to
Islamic legend Muhammad
00:54:28.39\00:54:30.30
came to the city in the
night and the night vision
00:54:30.33\00:54:32.48
and he stop there at
the city of Jerusalem,
00:54:32.51\00:54:34.29
and he went to
Bethlehem and Mount Sinai
00:54:34.32\00:54:36.03
and they believe that
00:54:36.06\00:54:37.30
the Arc Angel
Gabriel took him to heaven
00:54:37.33\00:54:38.98
and that became the holy
site in the world for Muslims
00:54:39.01\00:54:41.70
and today it's a third holy
site after Mecca and Medina.
00:54:41.73\00:54:44.80
And they built
that dome of the rock
00:54:44.83\00:54:46.91
over the-- the
site to commemorate
00:54:46.94\00:54:49.65
that is not a
mask, it's a shrine,
00:54:49.68\00:54:51.25
it's a axioms
just down from that.
00:54:51.28\00:54:53.77
Crusades went back and forth
00:54:55.01\00:54:56.41
between Jerusalem
going back and forth
00:54:56.44\00:54:58.63
between Christians and
Jews for many centuries.
00:54:58.66\00:55:01.31
Finally the
Ottoman's took it in 1517
00:55:01.34\00:55:04.38
Suleiman the Magnificent
built the modern temple,
00:55:04.41\00:55:07.48
the modern walls of the
city in the 16th century
00:55:07.51\00:55:10.40
and then the British conquered
the city during World War I.
00:55:10.43\00:55:14.44
Today, it is called Al-Quds
the holy one by the Arabs.
00:55:14.47\00:55:18.80
They believe their prophet
00:55:18.83\00:55:19.88
ascended to
heaven from the rock.
00:55:19.91\00:55:21.48
Believed to be
it's Salmon's temple,
00:55:21.51\00:55:23.90
and about a mile
for a third of a mile
00:55:23.93\00:55:26.44
from the dome of the
rock where Jesus is said
00:55:26.47\00:55:28.90
to have been crucified
and rose from the dead.
00:55:28.93\00:55:31.46
So Jerusalem is sacred to Jews
and is sacred to Christians,
00:55:31.49\00:55:34.80
and it sacred to Muslims.
00:55:34.83\00:55:36.13
For centuries
Jews have come here,
00:55:36.16\00:55:37.96
for centuries
Christians have come here,
00:55:37.99\00:55:40.14
it's the holiest place
in-- in the world for Christians
00:55:40.17\00:55:42.84
and of course, is a
place where Muslims also come
00:55:42.87\00:55:46.13
to remember Muhammad
and his ascent into heaven.
00:55:46.16\00:55:50.90
It's an interesting
place for Christians
00:55:50.93\00:55:52.48
because here Jesus
taught in the temple,
00:55:52.51\00:55:54.91
this is where Jesus died.
00:55:54.94\00:55:56.49
According to traditions
Jesus was crucified here
00:55:56.52\00:55:58.65
and it's marked and
the second century chapel,
00:55:58.68\00:56:02.80
that we see on screen.
00:56:02.83\00:56:04.00
It was noted
for His burial here.
00:56:04.03\00:56:05.79
And here is where
He came back to life.
00:56:05.82\00:56:07.67
Now I like to go out and
remember the story of Jesus
00:56:07.70\00:56:10.56
at the Garden Tomb because
this is much easier for me
00:56:10.59\00:56:13.73
to imagine as a God
that preferred that spot,
00:56:13.76\00:56:16.52
I prefer that spot, all
you can kind of see the...
00:56:16.55\00:56:19.61
the skull on top of the hill,
00:56:21.78\00:56:24.43
you can see the little
eyes sockets in the skull
00:56:24.46\00:56:26.76
and it's a very moving place.
00:56:26.79\00:56:30.25
But ultimately it doesn't matter
00:56:30.28\00:56:31.66
whether it was the Garden Tomb
00:56:31.69\00:56:33.39
or the Tomb of
the Holy Sepulcher
00:56:33.42\00:56:35.36
because the important thing
is Jesus is not in any tomb.
00:56:35.39\00:56:40.76
Jesus rose from the
dead, and the tomb is empty
00:56:40.79\00:56:44.64
and that's the most important
thing of all for us, isn't it?
00:56:44.67\00:56:47.78
And that's what the
whole Christian faith is about.
00:56:47.81\00:56:50.90
Well, let's pray together.
00:56:50.93\00:56:51.96
"Father in heaven,
thank You for a few moments
00:56:51.99\00:56:54.06
that we have tonight
to travel back in time
00:56:54.09\00:56:56.58
to visit the city of Jerusalem,
to see these incredible sites.
00:56:56.61\00:57:00.09
And Lord, I thank
You that it is true.
00:57:00.12\00:57:03.13
You are not in any tomb tonight,
00:57:03.16\00:57:05.38
that there is no shrine,
no muslin marking Your grave,
00:57:05.41\00:57:08.62
for You have
risen from the dead.
00:57:08.65\00:57:11.62