This is 3ABN Now
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with John and
Rosemary Malkiewycz.
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Hi, and I'm so glad
you've joined us today.
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I'm really happy to
invite you to sit down,
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to relax,
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to watch this program
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because you're going to hear
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some wonderful
information today.
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You certainly are.
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And I'm looking forward to it.
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It's going to be great
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and you're going to learn things
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that you most likely
have never heard before.
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Things that
will stir your hearts
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and increase your faith in God.
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And our special guest
is Dr. Arthur Chadwick
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from Texas.
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Welcome to the program.
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Now let me,
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I've got a little
bit of a bio on you here.
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Dr. Chadwick
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is a Research Professor
of Biology and Geology.
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Currently the Director
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of the Dinosaur
Research Project.
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Cofounder and current Director
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of the Earth
History Research Center,
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and Director of the
Dinosaur Science Museum
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and Research Center
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at Southwestern Adventist
University in Kane, Texas.
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That's a lot of stuff.
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You're a director of
three different things.
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That means you are very busy.
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I am very busy, yes.
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But also you,
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this gives us a
little bit of an idea
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of what the
program is about today.
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With a doctor of
science, geology, biology,
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you do paleontology.
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So sit down and enjoy listening
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to what we're going to learn
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from Dr. Arthur today
or Art, as we'll call you.
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I'm just excited to hear
what you're going to say.
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But John has your Bible verse.
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Yes, Art has chosen
a text from the Bible,
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it's found in 2 Peter 3:9.
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And the Bible says,
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"The Lord is not slack
concerning His promise,
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as some men count slackness,
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but as long suffering to us
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would not willing
that any should perish,
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but that all should
come to repentance."
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Haven't we got a wonderful God,
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He doesn't want
any of us to perish.
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Tell me why have
you chosen that, Art?
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That to me is an amazing verse,
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and especially in the context,
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because this is the
context of 2 Peter Chapter 3,
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which is a
chapter that describes
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the rejection of God
and rejecting His creation
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and rejecting the global
flood, the story in Genesis.
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And then the question comes up,
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why hasn't He come back yet?
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And the answer is,
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because He's
waiting for the very people
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that rejected Him
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to turn their
hearts over to Him.
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And I'm so grateful for that.
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I am. I am, too.
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That's a God I
can love and serve.
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That's wonderful.
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I just like the
way you've put that.
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It's very, very good.
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He's waiting.
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He's waiting with longing
heart for people to accept
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what He has done.
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Isn't it amazing that
today with all the proof
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that we have of a global
flood that it's rejected.
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We live in a world
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that rejects God for a
lot of different reasons.
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But that above all else,
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I think, is a reason
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for Satan's
animosity against God
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is Satan realizes
that God is the Creator
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of all that is and he is not.
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And he would
like to change that.
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You know, it's just
amazes me when I think about it,
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that Satan is alive
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because God is
continuing to give him breathe.
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Exactly.
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God is
continuing to give him life.
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Yes.
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Until this great controversy
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that's going on between
them is, is finally over.
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And he doesn't seem
to think much about that,
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that he's only
alive by the grace of God.
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Yes.
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And this seems to be forgotten.
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Now, just give us a
little bit of your background.
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Where were you born?
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Were you born in
Adventist family?
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What's it?
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I was born in California,
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in a family that
was Episcopalian,
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I was a member of
the Episcopal Church
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raised in,
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and christened in that church
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and then later on
took my confirmation.
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And when I was in high school,
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I went to my priests
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thinking that he
would give me insights
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about what I
ought to do in college,
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what kind of
coursework I could take
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that would allow
me to be a minister
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because that's
what I wanted to do.
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Okay.
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And he was very non-committal.
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He must not have enjoyed his job
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or he didn't think I
would make a good priest.
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But in either case,
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he didn't give me
any encouragement at all.
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And so I went to
my guidance counselor
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in high school
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to see if I could
learn something there
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and she had been a
missionary to Africa.
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So she said, they don't need,
they don't need missionaries,
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they need doctors.
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So that vectored
me toward medicine.
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And I went off
to State University,
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and was taking a
course of science,
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biology and
chemistry and physics,
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the things I
needed for medical school,
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and just loved it.
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I was so happy
there and did really well.
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And early in my career there,
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I met a young man
from a Catholic background,
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who was carrying on
his, on his notebook,
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a book called great controversy.
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And I was a
freshman, I was a know it all.
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And I confused the
author of that book,
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Ellen White with
Alfred North Whitehead.
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And so I suggested I
knew something about that
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which I didn't.
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But anyway, we got a
conversation started.
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And before very long,
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he and I were
studying the Bible together.
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Ultimately,
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he invited me to join
him at a physician's house
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where he was
having Bible studies.
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And suddenly,
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I saw that
everything in the Bible
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and everything in
the world made sense,
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in this vision of a conflict
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from the beginning in heaven
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to the end of the Second
Coming of Christ and beyond.
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And all the things
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that I had
learned about the Bible
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now had a context.
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And so, it was a
beautiful thing for me
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to surrender my
heart to the Lord
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and to yield myself too
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and understanding
that went far beyond
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just what I've learned so far.
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It's like, someone
said to us, one day,
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all the fence
posts were lining up.
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Exactly.
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I like the idea
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that you made comment that
you actually read the Bible,
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studied the Bible,
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and I'd encourage
any of you our viewers
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to have a look,
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don't just pick
out a piece here,
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have a look at
the overall picture
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that the Bible reveals,
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and what God
wants for you and I,
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and that's really,
that changes your worldview.
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But you know,
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you've, you came from
a Christian background,
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you knew about God.
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So what you were doing
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your knowledge was
increasing on that subject,
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through
studying the Word of God.
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Yes, it was. And
it's still increasing.
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Never ends, does it?
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Never ends. Never ends.
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That's one of the
things I find about the Bible,
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it's just so deep.
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That's right.
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You know, you
think you've learned
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nearly everything
there is to learn.
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And then suddenly,
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something completely left
field turns out me and say,
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I've never
thought of that before.
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Let me look more at
that, you continue in,
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continuingly finding
new things to look at.
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Yes.
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Yeah, it's a
wonderful book of history too.
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It is.
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Of mankind and
where we come from
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and where we're going.
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But what I find
exciting is the fact that
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as we look at geology,
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and look at the
different aspects of creation,
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we can see
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that there's
something underlying there
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that makes a lot of sense,
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but we have to be
willing to accept that.
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That's right.
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And I just think
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I was thinking
this morning, though,
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as I was reading,
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wouldn't it be nice
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if there were more
chapters in the Bible.
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But I have learned,
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memorizing scripture
is a great way to learn
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the depths of what's in there
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because the Holy
Spirit can talk to you
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while you're studying
and make it come alive.
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And one of the
best ways to learn
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this by putting it to music.
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Yes.
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That sticks it in
your brain better.
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It's like a glue, which is good.
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So anyway, I went from there
to finish my last two years,
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I did two years at
the State University,
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and then I switched
to La Sierra College.
00:09:03.37\00:09:07.34
And while I was there,
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a professor got a hold
of me and suggested that
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I should do something
worthwhile in my life.
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He said all these other students
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are going to do medicine,
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why don't you go do some
worthwhile with your life.
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And so I, he encouraged
me to look into the issues
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of philosophy and
origins and about creation.
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So it was a very
difficult decision to make,
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because on the one hand,
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I had been
admitted to medical school
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and I could have gone there,
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in four years I
would have been done.
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And I was exchanging for that
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the challenge of
having to accomplish
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something on my own,
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where I was on the line,
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and to produce
something original.
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And I finally
accepted the challenge
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and I went off to study
cellular molecular biology
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and I finished my PhD in
cellular molecular biology.
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And then I realized that
00:10:04.37\00:10:07.34
I didn't think I made a mistake,
00:10:07.40\00:10:08.74
but that I had missed out
on something very important
00:10:08.77\00:10:11.57
because
00:10:11.61\00:10:12.94
cellular molecular
biology is all about creation,
00:10:12.97\00:10:15.48
and I thought I would
learn about evolution.
00:10:15.51\00:10:18.15
And so I then decided
to go back and do geology.
00:10:18.18\00:10:23.79
So I went back
00:10:23.85\00:10:25.19
and finished up at
University of California,
00:10:25.22\00:10:27.96
and have been doing geology
and paleontology ever since.
00:10:27.99\00:10:32.13
I did a little course in geology
00:10:32.16\00:10:33.80
when I was training.
00:10:33.86\00:10:35.16
And I really was fascinated
by the different formations
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and how they all came about.
00:10:39.37\00:10:41.77
So it really does give
you a better understanding
00:10:41.80\00:10:44.87
of what took place,
00:10:44.91\00:10:46.84
particularly
after we look at it now
00:10:46.91\00:10:48.71
after the flood,
00:10:48.74\00:10:50.08
the things that are there
they are evident for us to see.
00:10:50.11\00:10:52.75
And one of the
interesting things
00:10:52.78\00:10:54.15
about with the work of geology
00:10:54.18\00:10:59.65
and creation and things
00:10:59.69\00:11:02.46
is that over at
Katherine Hill Bay,
00:11:02.49\00:11:05.56
which was,
00:11:05.59\00:11:06.93
which is only what
half an hour's drive
00:11:07.00\00:11:08.53
or so from here
00:11:08.56\00:11:10.13
is where they found that tree
00:11:10.17\00:11:12.70
standing upright
in the coal seam.
00:11:12.73\00:11:16.54
And that is just,
00:11:16.57\00:11:18.71
that's not
possible with evolution.
00:11:18.74\00:11:22.01
And it's just,
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it's really good to
know it was close by here,
00:11:23.45\00:11:25.91
that that was found that
Robert Gentry talks about.
00:11:25.95\00:11:28.18
Yeah.
00:11:28.22\00:11:29.55
Excellent.
00:11:29.58\00:11:30.95
So where did you go from there?
00:11:30.99\00:11:32.32
I mean, you did geology?
00:11:32.35\00:11:34.29
I began,
00:11:34.32\00:11:36.02
I was teaching in
the graduate school
00:11:36.06\00:11:37.89
at Loma Linda University.
00:11:37.93\00:11:39.96
And I began to do geology
instead of molecular biology
00:11:40.00\00:11:45.03
over a period of
a couple of years,
00:11:45.07\00:11:46.97
I kind of transitioned
00:11:47.00\00:11:48.77
and started taking
on graduate students
00:11:48.80\00:11:50.74
in that area
00:11:50.77\00:11:52.67
and started doing my research
00:11:52.71\00:11:55.28
on geology and geological
and paleontological things.
00:11:55.31\00:12:00.32
Ultimately,
00:12:00.35\00:12:01.68
I ended up at Southwestern
Adventist University in Texas,
00:12:01.72\00:12:05.62
where I had a
lot more freedom to,
00:12:05.65\00:12:08.16
to pursue these things,
00:12:08.19\00:12:10.23
and have been
working on dinosaurs
00:12:10.26\00:12:15.23
and worked on other things,
00:12:15.26\00:12:17.73
fossil whales down in
Peru and trees in Yellowstone
00:12:17.77\00:12:22.87
and fossil trees in
Yellowstone and Grand Canyon.
00:12:22.90\00:12:26.44
So I've done a lot of really
exciting things in my life.
00:12:26.47\00:12:29.04
Love to hear about something.
00:12:29.08\00:12:30.71
Yeah.
00:12:30.75\00:12:32.08
So what are you going
to talk to us about today?
00:12:32.11\00:12:34.95
Well, I think I'm going to talk
00:12:34.98\00:12:36.75
a little about dinosaurs
00:12:36.79\00:12:38.12
just because that's
very fresh on my palate,
00:12:38.15\00:12:40.32
I just came back from a month
00:12:40.36\00:12:42.69
directing this project
with 125 or 130 people there.
00:12:42.72\00:12:47.66
And that was a huge challenge,
just feeding that many people.
00:12:47.73\00:12:54.64
But we got about 2000 bones
out of the ground this year.
00:12:54.67\00:12:57.74
And we now have to curate those
00:12:57.77\00:13:00.38
and prepare them
for the collection.
00:13:00.41\00:13:04.78
So what do you do
when you find bones?
00:13:04.81\00:13:07.32
Well, we have
developed techniques
00:13:07.35\00:13:09.92
that nobody else was using,
and in probably still is using,
00:13:09.95\00:13:15.46
by mapping our bones
with high resolution GPS.
00:13:15.49\00:13:19.03
So we use survey grade GPS.
00:13:19.06\00:13:21.46
And when we find a
bone in the ground,
00:13:21.50\00:13:23.87
we clear off the
surface of the bone.
00:13:23.93\00:13:25.63
So you can see its size.
00:13:25.67\00:13:28.84
And then we
bring in GPS equipment,
00:13:28.87\00:13:31.54
and we actually
take points on the bone.
00:13:31.57\00:13:34.31
And then we have a
map of it in the ground.
00:13:34.34\00:13:37.65
We take a picture of the bone
00:13:37.68\00:13:39.01
and then we can superimpose
that picture on those points
00:13:39.05\00:13:41.75
and reconstruct all those bones
00:13:41.78\00:13:43.35
as they come out of the ground
00:13:43.39\00:13:44.72
so that we still
have the original data
00:13:44.75\00:13:47.72
of where they
were in the ground.
00:13:47.76\00:13:49.09
So you almost end
up with a 3D picture.
00:13:49.12\00:13:51.03
Yeah, we can we can make
3D pictures of the bones.
00:13:51.06\00:13:53.56
That's amazing. Yeah.
00:13:53.60\00:13:55.13
Because then,
00:13:55.16\00:13:56.50
if there's anything
in some kind of order,
00:13:56.53\00:13:59.73
you can sort of put it together
when it's in a 3D picture.
00:13:59.77\00:14:02.67
Yeah, if there
were ordered bones.
00:14:02.70\00:14:04.84
In our case,
00:14:04.87\00:14:06.21
most of these
bones are disarticulated.
00:14:06.24\00:14:08.14
So they're not in order.
00:14:08.18\00:14:10.38
Occasionally, we
do find some in order.
00:14:10.45\00:14:12.85
But we are able to talk about
00:14:12.88\00:14:16.89
what we have found
00:14:16.92\00:14:18.45
and look at it from
all different directions
00:14:18.49\00:14:21.29
and reconstruct the information
00:14:21.32\00:14:24.36
that we have
about how it happened.
00:14:24.39\00:14:26.39
And do you then from that point,
00:14:26.43\00:14:28.16
you can reconstruct,
00:14:28.20\00:14:29.93
put bones together even
though they're scattered around.
00:14:29.96\00:14:33.50
We could do that.
00:14:33.54\00:14:34.87
That's not our goal.
00:14:34.90\00:14:36.24
Our goal, we're taphonomists,
00:14:36.27\00:14:37.74
and taphonomists are people
00:14:37.77\00:14:39.31
that try to
understand everything
00:14:39.34\00:14:42.24
that happens to an organism
00:14:42.28\00:14:43.81
from the time it's
alive and walking around
00:14:43.85\00:14:47.48
to what caused it to die.
00:14:47.52\00:14:49.58
And then what
happened after it died?
00:14:49.62\00:14:51.59
Was it buried
right away or did it,
00:14:51.62\00:14:54.02
did it sit out
and decay for a while,
00:14:54.06\00:14:57.73
and so we're
trying to figure out
00:14:57.76\00:14:59.43
how this huge deposit,
00:14:59.46\00:15:01.53
maybe as many as
10,000 or more animals,
00:15:01.56\00:15:04.37
each of them 30 or 40 feet long,
00:15:04.40\00:15:06.57
10, 15 meters long.
00:15:06.60\00:15:09.64
How all these animals got there?
00:15:09.67\00:15:12.04
So must be huge area?
00:15:12.07\00:15:13.41
That would be really
interesting to determine that
00:15:13.48\00:15:14.81
because obviously,
there's a large number together,
00:15:14.84\00:15:17.25
something must have caused that.
00:15:17.28\00:15:18.61
Sure.
00:15:18.65\00:15:20.02
And we're doing the equivalent
of crime scene investigation,
00:15:20.05\00:15:23.18
people really like that.
00:15:23.22\00:15:24.79
And taphonomists
actually are used
00:15:24.82\00:15:26.89
in crime scene investigation.
00:15:26.96\00:15:29.46
So we're doing the
same kind of thing,
00:15:29.49\00:15:31.06
only with animals
00:15:31.09\00:15:32.43
that have been
extinct for a long time.
00:15:32.46\00:15:34.66
And so what area is it,
00:15:34.73\00:15:37.37
this huge deposit
00:15:37.43\00:15:38.87
either how many
miles or kilometers?
00:15:38.90\00:15:41.74
It's probably contained in
the half a kilometer square.
00:15:41.77\00:15:45.27
So that's close to,
it's close together.
00:15:45.31\00:15:47.81
There are actually is, a
lot of it's been eroded away,
00:15:47.84\00:15:52.08
but the amount that's left
00:15:52.11\00:15:53.48
cover seems to cover
about a half kilometer.
00:15:53.52\00:15:56.65
But the bones are very dense.
00:15:56.69\00:15:58.29
We have about 30
bones per square meter
00:15:58.32\00:16:01.89
as you dig down.
00:16:01.92\00:16:03.26
It almost sounds like
a graveyard, doesn't it?
00:16:03.29\00:16:04.69
It does,
00:16:04.73\00:16:06.06
except that these
bones are all disarticulated.
00:16:06.09\00:16:08.13
Yeah.
00:16:08.16\00:16:09.50
It means they're a graveyard
00:16:09.53\00:16:10.87
that resulted from
transport from somewhere else.
00:16:10.90\00:16:12.67
Okay.
00:16:12.70\00:16:14.04
And we discovered this
because of our use of GPS.
00:16:14.07\00:16:16.37
We could reconstruct the
thickness of the bone bed
00:16:16.40\00:16:22.21
and we saw that
all the big bones
00:16:22.24\00:16:23.65
were at the bottom.
00:16:23.68\00:16:25.01
So we realized that
00:16:25.05\00:16:26.75
we're dealing with a graded bed
00:16:26.82\00:16:28.15
and a graded bed
normally graded bed
00:16:28.18\00:16:29.72
means little things at top
and big things at the bottom.
00:16:29.75\00:16:33.86
So that means that the whole bed
00:16:33.89\00:16:35.69
had to be a catastrophic
deposit in placement.
00:16:35.72\00:16:39.86
So they were, you
think they were washed there?
00:16:39.89\00:16:43.33
I think the
animals probably died,
00:16:43.37\00:16:45.90
they likely bloated and floated.
00:16:45.93\00:16:50.67
And then maybe like
00:16:50.71\00:16:52.44
they would act
like sails in the wind
00:16:52.47\00:16:54.48
would wash them
up on the shoreline,
00:16:54.51\00:16:56.24
they would sit there
for a while and decay,
00:16:56.28\00:16:58.58
disarticulate, and
then somehow catastrophic,
00:16:58.61\00:17:04.35
maybe an earthquake
or something like that
00:17:04.39\00:17:06.29
tectonic activity caused that
00:17:06.32\00:17:08.52
massive bones to be transported
00:17:08.56\00:17:10.06
along with the sediment
out into the deeper water.
00:17:10.09\00:17:15.10
It makes a lot of
sense what you're saying.
00:17:15.13\00:17:16.97
I mean, you can
imagine that in my mind.
00:17:17.00\00:17:20.14
So what area are
we looking at that?
00:17:20.17\00:17:22.27
You know what, what
part of the US this is in?
00:17:22.30\00:17:25.34
This is in Northeastern Wyoming,
00:17:25.37\00:17:28.51
out of Newcastle,
00:17:28.54\00:17:31.61
below Rapid
City in South Dakota,
00:17:31.65\00:17:34.32
which is where
Mount Rushmore is,
00:17:34.35\00:17:36.12
most people know what that is.
00:17:36.15\00:17:37.49
Yes.
00:17:37.52\00:17:38.85
And we're probably
maybe about two hours,
00:17:38.89\00:17:42.42
two or three hours
from Mount Rushmore.
00:17:42.46\00:17:45.33
And there are a lot
of dinosaur deposits
00:17:45.36\00:17:47.50
in that area of
the United States?
00:17:47.60\00:17:50.33
There are similar deposits
of dinosaurs in many places,
00:17:50.37\00:17:55.74
both in United
States and up into Canada
00:17:55.77\00:17:58.27
and South Dakota, Montana,
Wyoming and in up into Canada.
00:17:58.31\00:18:05.28
But I think this one probably
00:18:05.31\00:18:07.15
has the distinction
of being the largest,
00:18:07.18\00:18:09.88
at least the
largest known deposit.
00:18:09.92\00:18:13.32
And what about
the rest of the US,
00:18:13.39\00:18:15.12
is there very much
deposit anywhere else?
00:18:15.16\00:18:17.86
In the southwestern,
the southwestern states,
00:18:17.89\00:18:22.46
there are deposits
00:18:22.50\00:18:23.87
almost all of
them even California,
00:18:23.90\00:18:27.34
Colorado, New Mexico,
00:18:27.37\00:18:30.21
and up into as I said, Montana,
00:18:30.24\00:18:33.91
about that, that's
about as far west as,
00:18:33.98\00:18:36.24
far east as they go.
00:18:36.28\00:18:38.55
So on the east side,
they don't seem to have them.
00:18:38.58\00:18:40.52
No.
00:18:40.55\00:18:41.88
Well, there are
some on the East Coast.
00:18:41.92\00:18:43.28
But not many?
You're near the coast.
00:18:43.32\00:18:44.89
Yeah. And they're much rare.
00:18:44.92\00:18:47.26
That's interesting. It is.
00:18:47.29\00:18:48.66
That they'd sort of
been certain areas only
00:18:48.69\00:18:51.16
and not in other areas.
00:18:51.19\00:18:52.53
Yeah, the
pattern is very important
00:18:52.56\00:18:54.00
in understanding what happened.
00:18:54.00\00:18:55.90
Because what we
know as a lay person,
00:18:55.93\00:18:58.27
what you generally
think is that, you know,
00:18:58.30\00:19:01.17
that they'd be
pretty evenly distributed
00:19:01.20\00:19:03.87
if these animals were living
all over a particular area
00:19:03.94\00:19:08.41
then they would
just be dying here
00:19:08.44\00:19:09.98
and dying there and
dying somewhere else.
00:19:10.01\00:19:12.71
And so their bones
would just be found anyway,
00:19:12.75\00:19:19.15
but not in certain areas only.
00:19:19.19\00:19:21.32
Right.
00:19:21.36\00:19:22.69
But there's something
unique about these deposits.
00:19:22.72\00:19:25.89
This is not life is as normal.
00:19:25.93\00:19:28.20
This is something
that is a singularity,
00:19:28.23\00:19:31.57
it's something
that happened one time
00:19:31.60\00:19:34.04
that caused all these dinosaurs
to be killed and buried.
00:19:34.07\00:19:38.37
And it seems that the idea
we have of a global catastrophe
00:19:38.41\00:19:45.15
has been something
like a wearing blender
00:19:45.18\00:19:47.62
where you put everything in,
00:19:47.65\00:19:49.25
stir it up and then pour it out.
00:19:49.28\00:19:51.02
It's very different than
that, things are ordered,
00:19:51.05\00:19:54.42
they are related somehow
00:19:54.46\00:19:56.36
the way the animals
lived before the flood
00:19:56.39\00:19:58.96
but they didn't live there
00:19:58.99\00:20:01.06
but they were brought
into there from somewhere else.
00:20:01.10\00:20:04.23
Washed in.
00:20:04.27\00:20:05.60
These are all questions
00:20:05.63\00:20:06.97
that we're still
trying to puzzle out.
00:20:07.00\00:20:08.90
Yeah.
00:20:08.94\00:20:10.27
So they're the
same sort of things
00:20:10.31\00:20:11.64
happening in other countries,
00:20:11.67\00:20:13.01
different locations on the earth
00:20:13.04\00:20:15.04
where there's,
these big deposits...
00:20:15.08\00:20:17.31
Even in Australia, they have.
00:20:17.35\00:20:18.85
That's right. That's right.
00:20:18.88\00:20:20.22
There are
dinosaurs on every continent.
00:20:20.28\00:20:22.98
And it's, I'd love to go work
on some of these other ones,
00:20:23.02\00:20:28.26
it's be exciting to change
00:20:28.29\00:20:29.79
to compare them
with what you have.
00:20:29.82\00:20:31.53
I know they got them up.
00:20:31.56\00:20:32.89
But they, are
they all the same type?
00:20:32.93\00:20:34.30
You know, they must
be different families?
00:20:34.36\00:20:36.00
Or, are they different
around the different continents?
00:20:36.03\00:20:38.73
They tend to be the
same at the same horizon.
00:20:38.77\00:20:42.67
So you have
certain kind of dinosaurs
00:20:42.70\00:20:45.51
in the Triassic
00:20:45.54\00:20:46.91
and certain
kinds in the Jurassic,
00:20:46.94\00:20:48.38
and certain kinds
in the Cretaceous,
00:20:48.41\00:20:50.58
in these three layers
that contain the dinosaurs.
00:20:50.61\00:20:55.55
And so in Cretaceous deposits
00:20:55.58\00:20:58.15
elsewhere, you may
find similar dinosaurs,
00:20:58.19\00:21:00.16
oftentimes, they're
different in some respects.
00:21:00.19\00:21:04.03
I have a question about,
00:21:04.06\00:21:05.93
you know, the
bones that they find.
00:21:05.96\00:21:09.80
I hear that sometimes
00:21:09.83\00:21:11.17
I only find a few bones
00:21:11.20\00:21:12.53
and they seem to
be able to reconstruct
00:21:12.57\00:21:14.37
a whole dinosaur.
00:21:14.40\00:21:15.74
Is that what happens?
00:21:15.77\00:21:17.11
And how do they know
00:21:17.17\00:21:18.51
what it actually
would have looked like,
00:21:18.54\00:21:19.87
what his skin
would have been like,
00:21:19.91\00:21:21.24
whether or not it
had those, you know?
00:21:21.28\00:21:24.58
I'm looking on
your tie by the way,
00:21:24.61\00:21:26.41
there's some pictures there.
00:21:26.45\00:21:27.78
There's dinosaurs all over it.
00:21:27.82\00:21:29.22
Yeah, I like that one with
the, these things on the back.
00:21:29.25\00:21:33.05
So I think, how do
they know from some bones,
00:21:33.09\00:21:37.76
how can they
reconstruct the whole animal?
00:21:37.79\00:21:39.89
That's a question a
lot of people wonder.
00:21:39.96\00:21:42.16
The questions I
get, are dinosaurs real?
00:21:42.20\00:21:44.70
And believe it or not,
00:21:44.73\00:21:46.07
there are a lot of people
that don't think they are.
00:21:46.10\00:21:49.00
Yes, they're real.
00:21:49.04\00:21:50.37
We have 30,000 dinosaur
bones in our collection.
00:21:50.44\00:21:55.11
And then another question is,
00:21:55.14\00:21:56.48
how do they know
what they look like?
00:21:56.51\00:21:57.85
And the easiest answer is that
00:21:57.88\00:22:02.25
we compare dinosaurs to
other animals we know about,
00:22:02.28\00:22:06.22
we know what bone
it is in that animal,
00:22:06.25\00:22:08.29
we try to reconstruct it.
00:22:08.32\00:22:10.16
But on top of that,
00:22:10.23\00:22:11.56
we find intact
skeletons of dinosaurs.
00:22:11.59\00:22:14.50
And some dinosaurs,
even that are called mummies.
00:22:14.56\00:22:17.90
They're intact with
their skins still on,
00:22:17.93\00:22:22.30
their intestinal
contents preserved.
00:22:22.34\00:22:25.34
These are pretty rare,
00:22:25.37\00:22:26.74
but we do find
them occasionally,
00:22:26.78\00:22:28.11
and when we do,
00:22:28.14\00:22:29.48
they turn out to match
00:22:29.51\00:22:30.85
what we thought the
dinosaur looked like.
00:22:30.88\00:22:32.55
I don't suppose
I've ever found a T-Rex,
00:22:32.58\00:22:35.12
that's been entire.
00:22:35.15\00:22:37.05
Well, Sue is the one that
that is the closest to that,
00:22:37.09\00:22:40.12
that's the one that's at
the Chicago Field Museum,
00:22:40.16\00:22:43.99
that there was
so much controversy
00:22:44.03\00:22:45.39
over a few years back.
00:22:45.43\00:22:47.46
And she was, I
think, 93% intact.
00:22:47.50\00:22:51.70
And if you see how
she lay in the ground,
00:22:51.73\00:22:53.50
most of it were
still all together,
00:22:53.57\00:22:55.80
the head was
pushed back up on top,
00:22:55.84\00:22:58.44
but it was mostly intact.
00:22:58.47\00:23:01.61
So how would you end up
00:23:01.64\00:23:04.61
with a dinosaur
from so long ago,
00:23:04.65\00:23:10.19
that still has flesh on it?
00:23:10.22\00:23:12.19
Well, it is a really flesh it's,
00:23:12.22\00:23:15.12
it's mostly
impressions of the animal like,
00:23:15.16\00:23:18.56
the skin that we find
00:23:18.59\00:23:19.93
is an impression of
the skin in the sediments,
00:23:20.00\00:23:22.70
the skin is mostly gone.
00:23:22.73\00:23:25.37
But interestingly,
00:23:25.40\00:23:27.60
we are increasingly finding
examples of preserved tissues
00:23:27.64\00:23:32.54
and preserved blood vessels
00:23:32.57\00:23:36.24
and proteins and other
things inside these bones.
00:23:36.28\00:23:40.68
So people are digesting
the dinosaur bones in a solvent
00:23:40.72\00:23:46.35
that will remove
the bone material
00:23:46.39\00:23:48.82
and leave the
soft material behind.
00:23:48.86\00:23:51.06
When they do this,
they find surprisingly,
00:23:51.09\00:23:53.96
blood vessels that look like
00:23:54.00\00:23:55.30
they still have blood
cells in them and so on,
00:23:55.33\00:23:57.73
which is virtually impossible
00:23:57.77\00:24:00.84
over a period of
millions of years.
00:24:00.87\00:24:02.34
And this is one of the
strong arguments we have today
00:24:02.37\00:24:05.91
for the fact that
the geologic references
00:24:05.94\00:24:10.25
with
radiometric dating must not,
00:24:10.28\00:24:12.71
they must mean
something else besides time.
00:24:12.75\00:24:15.85
They aren't giving us
an accurate picture of time
00:24:15.88\00:24:18.19
because these
bones could not last
00:24:18.22\00:24:20.99
for 65 million years
with tissue still inside.
00:24:21.02\00:24:26.23
It's even to the point
00:24:26.26\00:24:27.96
we did a section of
a nanotyrannus bone,
00:24:27.96\00:24:31.07
a very rare dinosaur bone.
00:24:31.10\00:24:33.80
And when we did
the section of the bone
00:24:33.84\00:24:37.07
and we looked at it,
edit under microscope,
00:24:37.11\00:24:39.44
you can see every cell,
00:24:39.47\00:24:40.84
every osteocyte inside
the bone was still there.
00:24:40.88\00:24:44.65
You can see where the,
where the cells existed.
00:24:44.68\00:24:47.18
It's amazing.
00:24:47.22\00:24:48.55
And there are just
are a lot of things
00:24:48.58\00:24:49.92
that to me say
00:24:49.95\00:24:51.29
that this timeframe is not,
00:24:51.32\00:24:55.02
does not mean millions of years,
00:24:55.06\00:24:57.39
it means something else.
00:24:57.43\00:24:59.56
Just going back to the fact
00:24:59.59\00:25:00.96
that you say that
they have found bodies.
00:25:01.00\00:25:05.37
No, well, the
impression of the skin
00:25:05.40\00:25:10.54
and everything
still in the stone,
00:25:10.61\00:25:15.14
in the rocks that I presume
00:25:15.18\00:25:17.68
has been
preserving the skeleton.
00:25:17.71\00:25:24.29
But how could
that still be there
00:25:24.32\00:25:28.16
if it happened over
a long period of time
00:25:28.19\00:25:30.86
that this animal
slowly decayed and everything?
00:25:30.93\00:25:34.10
Wouldn't indicate that
it was, it was death was,
00:25:34.10\00:25:38.93
soon after it died,
00:25:38.97\00:25:40.30
it was covered over very quickly
00:25:40.34\00:25:43.77
and fossilized very quickly.
00:25:43.81\00:25:46.84
Absolutely.
00:25:46.88\00:25:48.21
And that's one of the
arguments that's used to,
00:25:48.24\00:25:51.05
to suggest the fossil record
00:25:51.08\00:25:52.41
does not represent
real radiometric time.
00:25:52.45\00:25:57.95
And that there's
some other meaning
00:25:57.99\00:25:59.32
to those isotope ratios.
00:25:59.35\00:26:02.79
So we have rapid burial.
00:26:02.82\00:26:06.36
And if you have rapid burial,
00:26:06.39\00:26:07.73
you have rapid
accumulation of sediments.
00:26:07.76\00:26:09.60
And if you have rapid
accumulation of sediments,
00:26:09.63\00:26:12.80
then you can't put
millions of years in there,
00:26:12.83\00:26:15.44
there just is
no place to put it.
00:26:15.47\00:26:17.91
And Dr. Brand and
I have done studies
00:26:17.94\00:26:20.18
over the last 20 years,
00:26:20.21\00:26:22.88
looking through
centimeter by centimeter,
00:26:22.91\00:26:25.15
looking through the sediments
00:26:25.18\00:26:26.51
to see if there's evidence
for geologic time there.
00:26:26.55\00:26:30.29
And what we find is that,
in the vast majority of cases,
00:26:30.32\00:26:35.49
it looks like the
sediments were deposited quickly
00:26:35.52\00:26:38.89
and then immediately
covered by more sediments.
00:26:38.93\00:26:42.33
Because one of the
things that happens
00:26:42.36\00:26:44.37
if you leave a
sedimentary layer exposed,
00:26:44.40\00:26:47.20
you're going to get
organisms burrowing into it.
00:26:47.24\00:26:50.17
If it's underwater in
the marine environment,
00:26:50.21\00:26:52.61
in an hour, we know that
in the modern environment,
00:26:52.64\00:26:56.21
you can get complete disruption
of the internal structure.
00:26:56.24\00:27:00.85
So if you're looking at
this as being deposited slowly,
00:27:00.88\00:27:05.79
there should be
no internal structure
00:27:05.82\00:27:07.86
and sedimentologists
00:27:07.89\00:27:09.29
should not have any,
any way to make a living,
00:27:09.32\00:27:12.43
because there
should be nothing to see.
00:27:12.46\00:27:14.73
So every time you
look at an outcrop
00:27:14.76\00:27:16.30
and you can see
the layering in there,
00:27:16.33\00:27:18.40
you know that that
was deposited quickly
00:27:18.43\00:27:20.14
and buried quickly
00:27:20.17\00:27:21.50
because of the
disruptive interface.
00:27:21.54\00:27:25.81
If it hadn't
happened slowly over time,
00:27:25.84\00:27:28.24
or would have washed in,
00:27:28.28\00:27:30.08
and taken away
00:27:30.15\00:27:32.58
some of the other
layer, wouldn't it?
00:27:32.61\00:27:34.22
Sure.
00:27:34.25\00:27:35.58
And if you had,
if it's above ground,
00:27:35.62\00:27:38.65
then you have erosive activity.
00:27:38.69\00:27:40.56
But you also have
burrowing animals,
00:27:40.59\00:27:42.59
you have grass and
roots and things like that,
00:27:42.62\00:27:44.73
they would, that
would upset the sediments.
00:27:44.76\00:27:48.13
If it's under underwater
in the marine environment,
00:27:48.16\00:27:51.23
you should get
more sediment on top.
00:27:51.27\00:27:54.14
And if you don't,
00:27:54.20\00:27:56.14
then you ought to
have burrowing going on.
00:27:56.17\00:27:57.91
We know in the modern
environment in a year's time,
00:27:57.94\00:28:01.54
you get total disruption
of the internal structure.
00:28:01.58\00:28:04.68
And when we look
at the sediments,
00:28:04.71\00:28:07.28
thousands of meters of sediment,
00:28:07.35\00:28:09.58
centimeter by centimeter
00:28:09.62\00:28:10.95
looking for this evidence
of time, we don't see it.
00:28:11.02\00:28:14.39
It's like you're looking
like for the rings in tree?
00:28:14.42\00:28:16.99
Yeah.
00:28:17.06\00:28:18.39
Yeah, we want to see,
00:28:18.43\00:28:19.93
we want to see some place
00:28:19.96\00:28:21.53
where there's
burrows of animals that have,
00:28:21.56\00:28:25.70
that indicate enough time
for them to do their work.
00:28:25.73\00:28:29.27
And when you do find it,
00:28:29.30\00:28:30.81
you almost have to
make a pilgrimage to see it.
00:28:30.84\00:28:33.27
There are places in the world
00:28:33.31\00:28:34.64
where there is a complete
disruption of the sediment.
00:28:34.68\00:28:38.55
And one of the main
authorities on burrowing
00:28:38.58\00:28:43.49
made this statement,
00:28:43.52\00:28:44.85
he said if you,
00:28:44.89\00:28:46.22
the normal course is to see
100% disruption of sediments,
00:28:46.25\00:28:50.03
anything other than
that demands an explanation.
00:28:50.06\00:28:54.00
So there's a lot of explaining
that has to be done by somebody
00:28:54.00\00:28:57.53
as to why these
sediments are buried
00:28:57.57\00:28:59.93
with the internal
structure still there.
00:29:00.07\00:29:02.60
So if you go down
to the cliffs here,
00:29:02.64\00:29:04.51
where those trees are,
you look at those sediments,
00:29:04.54\00:29:07.04
you're gonna see all
the internal structure
00:29:07.11\00:29:08.78
that was ever there.
00:29:08.81\00:29:10.21
That's right.
00:29:10.28\00:29:11.95
And when it goes to the animals,
00:29:11.98\00:29:14.05
that whether it's dinosaurs
or anything else when they die,
00:29:14.08\00:29:17.32
if they're not
covered over immediately,
00:29:17.35\00:29:19.72
scavengers are going
to come and eat them,
00:29:19.75\00:29:22.76
and there would be no flesh.
00:29:22.79\00:29:24.16
That's right.
00:29:24.19\00:29:25.53
There would be no
meat left on them.
00:29:25.56\00:29:28.00
The bones may even be chewed.
00:29:28.03\00:29:30.47
But we actually in
the case of the dinosaurs,
00:29:30.50\00:29:32.33
we actually
think that they were,
00:29:32.37\00:29:34.60
they did sit around for
a while long enough to rot
00:29:34.64\00:29:37.24
and during that time,
00:29:37.31\00:29:38.64
there still were
other dinosaurs around
00:29:38.67\00:29:40.88
that scavenged
on those carcasses
00:29:40.91\00:29:43.55
because we find
the teeth of scavengers
00:29:43.58\00:29:46.18
associated with these bones.
00:29:46.21\00:29:48.35
But once that had happened,
00:29:48.38\00:29:49.72
those bones were taken out
00:29:49.75\00:29:51.29
and buried very quickly
00:29:51.32\00:29:52.65
because they
look like fresh bones
00:29:52.69\00:29:56.93
the surfaces are
not weather check.
00:29:56.96\00:29:58.79
They didn't sit
around for a long time,
00:29:58.83\00:30:00.83
they got buried quickly.
00:30:00.90\00:30:02.20
But so that would have happened
in a short period of time too
00:30:02.23\00:30:05.77
for there to be
enough of those carcasses
00:30:05.80\00:30:09.10
to be washed then
into a one, into one place
00:30:09.14\00:30:12.61
otherwise over time
00:30:12.64\00:30:13.98
there would be
buried and more would die.
00:30:14.04\00:30:17.51
And then they would be buried
00:30:17.55\00:30:19.01
after they'd been scavenged
00:30:19.05\00:30:20.52
and things that you said,
00:30:20.58\00:30:22.08
and they wouldn't be
all washed down into one.
00:30:22.12\00:30:24.25
Yes.
00:30:24.29\00:30:25.79
It's clear that
00:30:25.82\00:30:27.16
there was a catastrophic
destruction of animals,
00:30:27.22\00:30:29.79
that many thousands
of these huge animals,
00:30:29.82\00:30:33.46
they're the size of
elephants, something like that.
00:30:33.50\00:30:38.43
Many of them,
00:30:38.47\00:30:39.90
thousands were
killed about the same time.
00:30:39.97\00:30:43.44
And these then
accumulated somewhere
00:30:43.47\00:30:46.44
where they could be remobilized
00:30:46.47\00:30:48.61
and deposited out
into deeper water.
00:30:48.64\00:30:51.41
Is that why you say
there's only in certain areas
00:30:51.45\00:30:54.25
that you find them?
00:30:54.28\00:30:55.65
Probably, yeah,
00:30:55.68\00:30:57.02
probably because
they were accumulated
00:30:57.05\00:30:59.59
and my guess is
they bloated and floated
00:30:59.62\00:31:02.09
and then the wind blew them
up on the shoreline somewhere.
00:31:02.12\00:31:04.86
Yeah.
00:31:04.89\00:31:06.23
And then they,
00:31:06.26\00:31:07.60
they rotted for a while
00:31:07.60\00:31:09.53
and then that
mass of fatted flesh
00:31:09.56\00:31:13.00
and bones was
transported out and buried.
00:31:13.03\00:31:15.37
So after doing
all this research,
00:31:15.40\00:31:17.51
all the studies you've done,
00:31:17.57\00:31:19.34
what is it
bought up in your mind
00:31:19.37\00:31:21.91
about the evidence,
00:31:21.94\00:31:23.31
now we're
talking about evidence.
00:31:23.35\00:31:24.68
It's there,
00:31:24.71\00:31:26.05
it's scientifically
available for people to see.
00:31:26.08\00:31:29.12
What has excited you in
the discovery of all this?
00:31:29.15\00:31:32.59
What do you can,
what's your conclusion
00:31:32.62\00:31:34.56
that you're finding from
00:31:34.59\00:31:35.99
all these dinosaur
bones that you're finding?
00:31:36.02\00:31:39.69
Well, it's amazing to me
00:31:39.73\00:31:41.26
that we were able to fit this
00:31:41.30\00:31:43.30
into the context
of a global flood.
00:31:43.33\00:31:46.20
Okay.
00:31:46.23\00:31:47.57
And it doesn't prove
that there was a flood,
00:31:47.60\00:31:50.84
but it does,
00:31:50.87\00:31:52.21
it is consistent with that
00:31:52.24\00:31:53.58
whereas before the scientists
were talking about these bones
00:31:53.61\00:31:57.28
accumulating over
thousands of years
00:31:57.31\00:31:59.68
as animals cross the river
00:31:59.71\00:32:01.22
and got swept
downstream and buried.
00:32:01.25\00:32:05.92
And so we've changed
the perspective on that.
00:32:05.95\00:32:08.79
And other people saw
00:32:08.82\00:32:12.39
what we had written
00:32:12.43\00:32:13.90
that we had
described this as a graded bed,
00:32:13.93\00:32:16.23
they began to
look at their deposits,
00:32:16.26\00:32:17.87
and they discovered
they had graded beds also.
00:32:17.90\00:32:20.00
So it now looks like,
00:32:20.04\00:32:23.57
of all the dinosaur
sites in North America
00:32:23.61\00:32:27.24
or the major
sites around the world.
00:32:27.28\00:32:29.88
All of the ones that
have dinosaurs in them
00:32:29.91\00:32:33.18
are now described as
catastrophic deposits.
00:32:33.21\00:32:35.58
Okay.
00:32:35.62\00:32:36.95
So it's unique to me
00:32:36.99\00:32:38.75
that we have all these deposits
being described as catastrophes
00:32:38.79\00:32:43.59
happening catastrophically
00:32:43.63\00:32:46.09
and there isn't any,
00:32:46.13\00:32:47.96
any place for a long
period of time in there.
00:32:48.00\00:32:50.90
That's important
00:32:50.93\00:32:52.27
when we're
looking at the context
00:32:52.30\00:32:53.97
of what the
Bible says, isn't it?
00:32:54.00\00:32:55.34
Because we're talking now,
00:32:55.37\00:32:57.04
what, 4000 years ago,
00:32:57.07\00:32:59.51
roughly that
all this took place?
00:32:59.54\00:33:01.88
Yes.
00:33:01.91\00:33:03.24
So what you're saying
00:33:03.28\00:33:04.61
the evidence you're finding
00:33:04.65\00:33:05.98
is really
confirming that, isn't it?
00:33:06.01\00:33:08.28
It's consistent with it.
00:33:08.32\00:33:09.65
Yes. Yes. Okay.
00:33:09.68\00:33:11.02
That's a good way of putting it.
00:33:11.05\00:33:12.65
It's interesting in science,
00:33:12.69\00:33:14.09
you don't ever want
to use the word proof
00:33:14.16\00:33:15.92
because science
doesn't prove things.
00:33:15.96\00:33:18.73
It only develops
arguments in one way or another.
00:33:18.76\00:33:22.73
And ultimately, it is
always a progress report.
00:33:22.76\00:33:26.40
So you never want to say,
well, I finished that project.
00:33:26.43\00:33:29.54
It's all done,
00:33:29.57\00:33:30.91
we now know the truth
00:33:30.94\00:33:32.81
because you continue to study,
00:33:32.84\00:33:35.58
you're going to
find out more information
00:33:35.61\00:33:37.31
and it may
change your perspective.
00:33:37.35\00:33:40.28
It reminds me a
little bit of defected.
00:33:40.32\00:33:42.58
We always heard in the past
00:33:42.62\00:33:44.69
that was the
theory of evolution.
00:33:44.72\00:33:47.82
But nowadays,
00:33:47.86\00:33:49.19
it's just evolution as
though it is proven fact
00:33:49.22\00:33:53.40
and not just a theory.
00:33:53.46\00:33:55.86
If you can't,
00:33:55.90\00:33:57.53
you can't approach evolution
00:34:00.27\00:34:02.14
as you would any
other scientific theory,
00:34:02.17\00:34:04.54
because evolution is a
philosophy based position
00:34:04.57\00:34:09.11
on origins.
00:34:09.14\00:34:10.48
It's philosophical.
00:34:10.55\00:34:11.91
The arguments that are
used are philosophical.
00:34:11.95\00:34:14.92
And the terminology
that's used is philosophical.
00:34:14.95\00:34:18.72
So when you say
something as a fact,
00:34:18.75\00:34:20.66
when it's a
philosophical position,
00:34:20.69\00:34:24.26
that's not very meaningful.
00:34:24.33\00:34:25.66
It's not very scientific?
00:34:25.69\00:34:27.03
No, it's not very scientific.
00:34:27.03\00:34:30.07
Because philosophy is not
really to do with science.
00:34:30.13\00:34:33.40
It's to do with a
belief system, isn't it?
00:34:33.44\00:34:35.64
Well, it is.
00:34:35.67\00:34:37.01
And certainly,
philosophy undergirds science.
00:34:37.07\00:34:39.81
You always have to have
some philosophical position
00:34:39.84\00:34:43.04
in order to test something.
00:34:43.08\00:34:45.45
But being open minded
00:34:45.48\00:34:47.38
is a very virtuous
position in science
00:34:47.42\00:34:50.85
and there's way
too little of it today.
00:34:50.89\00:34:53.82
So how many
different types of dinosaurs
00:34:53.86\00:34:56.56
have you
personally been involved in?
00:34:56.59\00:35:01.06
Most of the dinosaurs we have
are the duck billed dinosaur
00:35:01.10\00:35:04.57
or Edmontosaurus, but
we also have Triceratops.
00:35:04.60\00:35:08.90
They are the others with the...
00:35:08.94\00:35:10.31
Yeah, the three
horns, Tackicephalusaurus.
00:35:10.34\00:35:13.38
That's the
thick-headed dinosaurs.
00:35:13.41\00:35:15.61
We have the
raptors, the dromesores.
00:35:15.64\00:35:19.28
We have other
plant eating dinosaurs
00:35:19.31\00:35:23.02
like theslasoraus which
the sheep size dinosaur.
00:35:23.05\00:35:27.86
And we also have
T-Rex, Tyrannosaurus Rex,
00:35:27.89\00:35:30.93
the king dinosaur.
00:35:30.96\00:35:33.60
That'd be fascinating.
00:35:33.63\00:35:36.53
Yeah, they are monsters.
00:35:36.56\00:35:38.40
Do you notice
how all these names
00:35:38.43\00:35:40.94
just roll off his tongue?
00:35:40.97\00:35:42.40
Yes.
00:35:42.44\00:35:44.07
Kids know probably
just better about you.
00:35:44.11\00:35:45.67
Oh, absolutely. Oh, yeah.
00:35:45.71\00:35:47.18
Better. And I don't.
00:35:47.24\00:35:48.58
I kind of see in the last,
00:35:48.61\00:35:49.94
I don't know 10, 20 years
00:35:49.98\00:35:51.61
dinosaurs have
become the thing with kids,
00:35:51.65\00:35:54.38
you know, everywhere you go,
00:35:54.42\00:35:55.75
you know, the dinosaur
park and there's a big dinosaur.
00:35:55.78\00:35:59.15
And I kind of wonder what's,
you know, what promoted that,
00:35:59.19\00:36:02.92
you know?
00:36:02.96\00:36:04.86
Because it is very interesting,
00:36:04.89\00:36:06.63
but we don't have any
around now at the moment.
00:36:06.66\00:36:09.30
So, question is,
00:36:09.33\00:36:11.00
I think that's
on everyone's mind.
00:36:11.03\00:36:12.83
Why isn't there any now?
00:36:12.87\00:36:15.04
There is a culture
surrounding dinosaurs.
00:36:15.07\00:36:18.64
And this is
evidenced in the books,
00:36:18.67\00:36:21.98
most people write books
for children on dinosaurs,
00:36:22.01\00:36:25.28
even the professional dinosaur.
00:36:25.31\00:36:27.72
People write books that
they can sell to children
00:36:27.75\00:36:30.29
because that's the market.
00:36:30.32\00:36:32.39
But yeah, it's, it's...
00:36:32.42\00:36:36.86
I kind of think of, you know,
00:36:36.93\00:36:38.46
this in the theory of evolution,
00:36:38.49\00:36:40.30
they talk about
survival of the fittest,
00:36:40.33\00:36:42.53
the species continue.
00:36:42.56\00:36:44.13
Well, these were
obviously huge animals,
00:36:44.17\00:36:47.94
you know, and you'd
think, they would be kings,
00:36:47.97\00:36:50.67
if you could put it
that way of the world,
00:36:50.71\00:36:52.74
and they would be surviving.
00:36:52.77\00:36:54.81
So you know, there's
questions about that.
00:36:54.84\00:36:57.98
But I'd like to think
00:36:58.01\00:37:00.85
that what we've
learned from the Bible
00:37:00.88\00:37:04.25
God says it's catastrophic event
00:37:04.32\00:37:06.52
ended their
existence, basically.
00:37:06.55\00:37:08.96
Yeah, I think they
died out at the flood.
00:37:08.99\00:37:10.96
And I think the
reason for that was,
00:37:10.99\00:37:13.83
God wanted to
preserve man on the earth
00:37:13.86\00:37:15.66
and with
Tyrannosaurus Rex running around
00:37:15.70\00:37:20.14
that might not
have been possible.
00:37:20.17\00:37:21.64
I think if man was bigger than
he is today, before the flood,
00:37:21.67\00:37:27.08
he could have
handled T-Rex with no problem
00:37:27.11\00:37:29.41
but as our lifespans
and our physical size
00:37:29.44\00:37:35.32
shrank down to its
current proportions,
00:37:35.35\00:37:38.25
something like T-Rex
00:37:38.29\00:37:39.62
could definitely have
an impact on our survival.
00:37:39.65\00:37:42.62
Well, the classic
is a lion, isn't it?
00:37:42.66\00:37:45.13
We can't handle a lion
00:37:45.16\00:37:46.49
but if we were three
times our height and size,
00:37:46.53\00:37:49.76
we wouldn't have a
problem at handling a lion.
00:37:49.80\00:37:51.27
Exactly. Yeah.
00:37:51.30\00:37:53.30
And then that
makes me wonder, too.
00:37:53.34\00:37:56.67
We always say the
T-Rex with these huge teeth
00:37:56.71\00:38:00.11
and a really bad attitude
00:38:00.14\00:38:02.24
chasing people to
grab them and eat them.
00:38:02.28\00:38:05.18
And how did they know that?
00:38:05.21\00:38:09.05
They don't.
00:38:09.08\00:38:10.82
They do the best. I mean...
00:38:10.85\00:38:12.35
Is it just a good
salesman, salesman pitch?
00:38:12.39\00:38:15.02
Yeah, they're
not being dishonest,
00:38:15.06\00:38:17.06
they're doing the best they can,
00:38:17.09\00:38:18.63
but they don't know.
00:38:18.66\00:38:20.06
So it makes a
whole lot better story
00:38:20.13\00:38:22.76
if it's something
dramatic and exciting
00:38:22.80\00:38:25.20
that's going to
capture kids' imagination.
00:38:25.23\00:38:26.57
This huge thing
that's gonna eat you.
00:38:26.60\00:38:28.70
Exactly.
00:38:28.74\00:38:30.31
And there is a lot
of politics in this too.
00:38:30.34\00:38:35.71
There are arguments
among paleontologists,
00:38:35.74\00:38:37.65
when one suggests
they were scavengers,
00:38:37.68\00:38:40.12
then the other one
gets mad and says, no,
00:38:40.15\00:38:42.42
they weren't
scavengers, they were predators,
00:38:42.45\00:38:45.09
because that makes
them more vicious and...
00:38:45.12\00:38:48.76
More interesting.
00:38:48.79\00:38:50.63
Others were
vegetarians. Exactly.
00:38:50.66\00:38:52.79
They're not as interesting
00:38:52.83\00:38:54.73
as something that's going
to ride around in the forest
00:38:54.73\00:38:57.87
and try to devour human beings.
00:38:57.90\00:38:59.77
Yes.
00:38:59.80\00:39:01.20
Yes, little human
beings would not have a chance.
00:39:01.24\00:39:03.34
But we know dinosaurs existed.
00:39:03.37\00:39:06.37
You're finding
the evidence from them
00:39:06.41\00:39:08.01
in your studies and research.
00:39:08.04\00:39:12.21
What does that
make you think of it
00:39:12.25\00:39:15.45
and now we talked
about a catastrophic event,
00:39:15.48\00:39:17.52
but what else does
it bring into your mind
00:39:17.55\00:39:19.79
about the
disappearance of these species?
00:39:19.82\00:39:24.89
Well, I think,
00:39:24.93\00:39:26.26
I think it's evidence
00:39:26.29\00:39:27.66
that something
happened on a global scale.
00:39:27.66\00:39:29.70
And even in paleontology,
00:39:29.73\00:39:31.40
when they try to figure
out how the dinosaurs died out.
00:39:31.43\00:39:34.90
They had to have a catastrophe
of massive proportions.
00:39:34.94\00:39:38.51
To kill them?
00:39:38.54\00:39:39.87
The most popular theory is that
an asteroid impacted the earth
00:39:39.91\00:39:43.45
and generated a huge wave
00:39:43.48\00:39:46.58
that tsunami they
went over the earth
00:39:46.61\00:39:48.28
and destroyed a lot of animals.
00:39:48.32\00:39:50.89
And that's an
interesting theory.
00:39:50.92\00:39:52.25
It's...
00:39:52.29\00:39:53.62
I haven't heard that,
00:39:53.66\00:39:54.99
it's the first
time I'm hearing it.
00:39:55.02\00:39:56.36
That's the type of flood.
00:39:56.39\00:39:57.73
Yeah, there was a
kind of flood, yes.
00:39:57.76\00:40:00.00
But the idea is
that this happened
00:40:00.03\00:40:02.60
the certain time
in Earth's history
00:40:02.63\00:40:05.10
and everything
else is just normal.
00:40:05.13\00:40:07.50
And then this impact took place,
00:40:07.54\00:40:09.00
it killed all the dinosaurs,
00:40:09.04\00:40:10.37
all the ammonites in the ocean.
00:40:10.41\00:40:13.34
But it didn't affect all
the other things very much.
00:40:13.38\00:40:16.34
So it's a little bit of a...
00:40:16.38\00:40:19.55
Far-fetched.
00:40:19.58\00:40:20.92
Far-fetched, but it's
a very popular theory.
00:40:20.95\00:40:24.29
I don't want to take it on him.
00:40:24.32\00:40:26.09
Yeah. Yeah.
00:40:26.12\00:40:28.09
Because also
dinosaurs are cold blooded.
00:40:28.12\00:40:34.13
That's what they say, is it?
00:40:34.20\00:40:35.50
We don't really know.
00:40:35.53\00:40:36.90
That's one of the questions
00:40:36.93\00:40:38.30
that's the
scientists try to figure out.
00:40:38.33\00:40:40.87
They look at
their bone structure,
00:40:40.90\00:40:42.74
and they compare
with, say, a crocodile.
00:40:42.77\00:40:45.41
And they compare
it with a mammal.
00:40:45.44\00:40:47.51
And it's kind of
somewhere in between
00:40:47.54\00:40:49.61
and other things like that
don't really give us insights.
00:40:49.64\00:40:53.75
And some paleontologists
call them warm blooded
00:40:53.78\00:40:56.65
and some say
they're cold blooded.
00:40:56.72\00:40:58.25
So it's not anything you can,
00:40:58.29\00:41:01.79
you can nail down
so they could have,
00:41:01.82\00:41:04.69
could have been either one.
00:41:04.73\00:41:06.46
Because they certainly
had a huge skin surface.
00:41:06.49\00:41:08.83
They did.
00:41:08.86\00:41:10.23
Gigantic animals.
00:41:10.27\00:41:11.60
Especially the big ones.
00:41:11.63\00:41:12.97
Yeah. What?
00:41:13.00\00:41:14.34
Tell us what is the
most exciting discovery
00:41:14.37\00:41:17.94
that you've made or
time that you've had
00:41:17.97\00:41:20.48
in your work with dinosaurs?
00:41:20.54\00:41:25.38
You've got a story there?
00:41:25.41\00:41:26.78
Well, we...
00:41:26.82\00:41:28.15
One of the things we found
00:41:28.18\00:41:29.75
was the very second nanotyrannus
00:41:29.78\00:41:32.69
that was ever found.
00:41:32.72\00:41:34.06
It was, it's a
species of dinosaur
00:41:34.12\00:41:36.52
that's very much like
T-Rex except a smaller model,
00:41:36.56\00:41:40.76
and has quite a few
differences from T-Rex.
00:41:40.80\00:41:44.60
And this brought up a
very interesting question,
00:41:44.63\00:41:47.47
because there are a
number of Tyrannosaurus Rexes
00:41:47.50\00:41:52.61
that have been located.
00:41:52.64\00:41:54.48
They're all adults.
00:41:54.51\00:41:55.84
So the question is where
all the juvenile T-Rexes.
00:41:55.88\00:41:59.08
And one group
00:41:59.11\00:42:00.52
even tried to make this
nanotyrannus a juvenile T-Rex.
00:42:00.55\00:42:03.99
And so that's a very,
very popular ideas that
00:42:04.02\00:42:08.89
that nanotyrannus is
just a juvenile T-Rex
00:42:08.92\00:42:11.29
because there have
to be some juveniles,
00:42:11.33\00:42:13.06
you can't have all adults.
00:42:13.09\00:42:14.40
You would think
that, wouldn't you?
00:42:14.46\00:42:15.76
It's true, they can't
just be born that big.
00:42:15.80\00:42:17.13
Yeah.
00:42:17.17\00:42:18.50
But that's not,
00:42:18.53\00:42:20.60
that's not a good reason
to make him a different taxon.
00:42:20.64\00:42:23.51
But he is unique.
00:42:23.57\00:42:25.77
And there are no
juvenile nanotyrannus either
00:42:25.81\00:42:28.61
so that just have
to step that back.
00:42:28.64\00:42:32.11
Are they any juvenile anything?
00:42:32.15\00:42:34.35
Yeah, there are, there
are juvenile hadrosaurs,
00:42:34.38\00:42:38.19
the duck billed dinosaurs,6
00:42:38.22\00:42:39.82
there are some deposits
up in Alaska and one in,
00:42:39.85\00:42:45.56
one in Russia that
are mostly juveniles,
00:42:45.59\00:42:49.70
and ours are all adults.
00:42:49.73\00:42:52.13
So somehow they
were separated out
00:42:52.17\00:42:54.60
maybe behaviorally
00:42:54.64\00:42:56.34
or maybe set them etiologically,
00:42:56.37\00:42:59.94
but they ended up
in different places.
00:43:00.08\00:43:02.04
Do you think the
juveniles may have been hatched
00:43:02.08\00:43:04.98
in a cold climate,
00:43:05.01\00:43:06.35
and then gone
to a warmer climate
00:43:06.38\00:43:07.98
when they got bigger?
00:43:08.02\00:43:10.29
I don't really think
00:43:10.32\00:43:11.65
that it was cold in
Alaska at that time,
00:43:11.69\00:43:14.49
I think, I think
before the flood,
00:43:14.52\00:43:16.46
it was probably
pretty equitable climate.
00:43:16.49\00:43:19.56
And so I wouldn't,
00:43:19.59\00:43:22.10
I wouldn't say that
was the basis of it.
00:43:22.13\00:43:25.13
But people might
assert that, yeah.
00:43:25.17\00:43:27.20
So have you been able
to determine the age of,
00:43:27.24\00:43:31.91
you know, how old they were,
00:43:31.94\00:43:33.27
you know, by
looking at those remains
00:43:33.34\00:43:36.34
of the actual
species of a dinosaur?
00:43:36.38\00:43:39.61
Or do we not know,
00:43:39.65\00:43:40.98
how long did they
live in other words?
00:43:41.02\00:43:42.35
Yeah.
00:43:42.38\00:43:43.75
The bone structure of dinosaurs
00:43:43.79\00:43:46.15
is very much like
crocodiles and alligators,
00:43:46.19\00:43:49.06
and that they lay down
a annual ring in the bone.
00:43:49.09\00:43:53.36
So you can
actually count these rings
00:43:53.40\00:43:55.90
if you have a fortunate section.
00:43:55.93\00:43:58.83
And you can determine their age,
00:43:58.87\00:44:00.57
for example, our nanotyrannus
was seven or eight years old.
00:44:00.64\00:44:06.14
Typically, animals grow up
in a year or less to adulthood,
00:44:06.17\00:44:11.68
and even animals that
takes two or three years.
00:44:11.71\00:44:15.25
It's very different from humans.
00:44:15.28\00:44:17.52
We have probably
the longest gestation,
00:44:17.59\00:44:20.19
the longest,
00:44:20.26\00:44:21.59
well, not the longest,
00:44:21.62\00:44:22.96
but we have, we have a
long developmental period,
00:44:22.99\00:44:27.30
which I think God ordained
00:44:27.30\00:44:28.63
so that we could become
acquainted with our children.
00:44:28.66\00:44:32.07
Now we had, we had a...
That's a good point, actually.
00:44:32.10\00:44:34.50
I head to Newfoundland
once and at one stage,
00:44:34.54\00:44:37.07
he was growing an inch a week
00:44:37.11\00:44:38.44
and we were
measuring him up the wall.
00:44:38.47\00:44:39.84
Wow.
00:44:39.87\00:44:41.21
And then he went to
half an inch a week,
00:44:41.24\00:44:42.98
you know.
00:44:43.01\00:44:44.35
And slowed down,
yet within 12 months,
00:44:44.38\00:44:46.68
there are big
dog from this puppy.
00:44:46.72\00:44:49.32
So they don't take a long
time to actually get to mature.
00:44:49.35\00:44:53.15
Maybe God allowed it for humans
00:44:53.19\00:44:54.72
so that they could learn.
00:44:54.76\00:44:56.09
Yeah.
00:44:56.12\00:44:57.49
There's a lot of information
to be ingested in growing up.
00:44:57.53\00:45:01.16
The animal has to
survive from the time,
00:45:01.20\00:45:03.97
very quickly after
it's born to be on its own.
00:45:04.00\00:45:07.14
I don't know of any animal
00:45:07.17\00:45:08.50
that is
helpless as a human baby.
00:45:08.54\00:45:11.41
No.
00:45:11.44\00:45:12.77
It's a gift God
has given to mothers.
00:45:12.81\00:45:15.64
You look at
those baby flamingos,
00:45:15.68\00:45:17.35
they have to
walk a long distance
00:45:17.38\00:45:19.38
just when they're only a
day or two old, some of them.
00:45:19.41\00:45:23.89
Or giraffe.
00:45:23.92\00:45:25.25
I like to think about that
00:45:25.29\00:45:26.62
I saw giraffe born once
00:45:26.65\00:45:28.16
fell about three
feet in the ground.
00:45:28.19\00:45:30.66
That's awakening in his bed...
00:45:30.73\00:45:33.26
Adult coming into the world.
00:45:33.29\00:45:34.86
Yeah, adult
coming into the world.
00:45:34.93\00:45:36.23
And within minutes,
00:45:36.26\00:45:37.60
they're up walking
around and can you imagine
00:45:37.63\00:45:40.54
if a human baby
was walking around.
00:45:40.60\00:45:44.87
No, I don't think so.
00:45:44.91\00:45:46.31
Well, I think if it had to
drop onto the ground like that,
00:45:46.34\00:45:48.24
for a start,
00:45:48.28\00:45:49.61
it would probably hit
its head on the ground first
00:45:49.64\00:45:51.25
and knock itself out.
00:45:51.28\00:45:52.78
Yeah, exactly.
00:45:52.81\00:45:54.18
I think, I think too,
00:45:54.22\00:45:55.55
when God made the animals
as instinct for survival,
00:45:55.58\00:45:58.69
but the human
being was a process.
00:45:58.72\00:46:01.26
And you know, we have
to learn and I think too,
00:46:01.29\00:46:05.26
when we think about the
subject we're talking about now,
00:46:05.29\00:46:08.60
we have the ability
00:46:08.63\00:46:09.96
to go and research and find out,
00:46:10.00\00:46:11.33
you know, any other
species that can do that?
00:46:11.37\00:46:13.10
No, absolutely none.
00:46:13.13\00:46:14.67
So it's quite amazing,
00:46:14.70\00:46:16.44
really what God has
given us the ability to do.
00:46:16.47\00:46:19.04
And we're then given this
to make it even more clearer.
00:46:19.07\00:46:21.88
Absolutely.
00:46:21.91\00:46:23.24
So it's pretty exciting what...
00:46:23.28\00:46:25.11
God said He
made us in His image,
00:46:25.15\00:46:27.52
that means we can research,
we can go and check things out,
00:46:27.55\00:46:31.15
we can create.
00:46:31.19\00:46:32.59
Well, both Dr. Brand and I
00:46:32.62\00:46:34.72
have spent our whole
careers doing research.
00:46:34.76\00:46:37.99
And it is exciting.
00:46:38.03\00:46:40.60
I mean, we fly in helicopters
00:46:40.63\00:46:42.33
across the
deserts in the southwest,
00:46:42.36\00:46:44.30
and map layers and
just the adventures
00:46:44.33\00:46:49.50
that we've had in our
lives, just doing our job.
00:46:49.54\00:46:52.41
And my daughter likes to say
00:46:52.44\00:46:53.84
that I've never
had a job in my life.
00:46:53.88\00:46:57.51
I've never
worked a day in my life,
00:46:57.55\00:46:58.88
because I enjoy
doing what I do so much.
00:46:58.91\00:47:01.38
Oh, but you do lecture,
so that's enough for you.
00:47:01.42\00:47:03.25
That's, yeah.
00:47:03.28\00:47:04.62
When you pass on the information
00:47:04.65\00:47:06.05
someone has to go out
there and see what happens.
00:47:06.09\00:47:09.36
And then you come and share it.
00:47:09.39\00:47:11.39
And I'm glad that
you're here to do that,
00:47:11.43\00:47:13.03
actually because,
00:47:13.06\00:47:14.36
you know, it just
reaffirms in my mind
00:47:14.40\00:47:16.33
that what the Bible has said,
00:47:16.36\00:47:18.70
you're seeing
the evidence of that
00:47:18.73\00:47:20.37
wherever you go in your work.
00:47:20.44\00:47:22.84
So that must be
exciting in a sense too
00:47:22.87\00:47:24.74
because you're a
Christian scientist.
00:47:24.77\00:47:27.91
Absolutely.
00:47:27.94\00:47:29.28
And it's that biblical model
00:47:29.31\00:47:31.91
that stands out
in my experience,
00:47:31.95\00:47:35.35
that directs my thinking
00:47:35.38\00:47:36.72
and directs my
activities as well.
00:47:36.79\00:47:40.06
If when I became a member of,
00:47:40.09\00:47:43.96
when I became a Seventh-day
Adventist Christian I,
00:47:44.03\00:47:47.73
I did so because we believed
in the Bible story of origins.
00:47:47.76\00:47:54.10
And if this,
00:47:54.14\00:47:57.01
if people in this
church were to discount that I,
00:47:57.07\00:48:01.04
I'd leave
because... You'd walk out.
00:48:01.08\00:48:02.68
I'd walk out because
that is, to me, that is truth.
00:48:02.71\00:48:07.15
That's what the Bible is about.
00:48:07.18\00:48:08.58
Yeah, exactly. It's
the basis of the Bible.
00:48:08.62\00:48:11.02
It's what the Bible starts
00:48:11.05\00:48:12.39
with the story in
the very beginning.
00:48:12.42\00:48:14.62
And it's fundamental to
everything that follows.
00:48:14.66\00:48:17.16
And if the Creator,
00:48:17.19\00:48:18.53
the one that we talk
about in the Bible says it,
00:48:18.56\00:48:21.76
then who are we
to question that?
00:48:21.80\00:48:23.16
Because the evidence is abundant
00:48:23.20\00:48:25.30
if we want to
find out for ourselves.
00:48:25.33\00:48:27.34
The question is,
00:48:27.37\00:48:28.70
and it's got basically us
in somewhere in the Bible,
00:48:28.74\00:48:31.61
I don't have the
text. But were you there?
00:48:31.64\00:48:33.98
I think he was asking Joe,
00:48:34.01\00:48:35.64
were you there when I laid
the foundation of the earth.
00:48:35.68\00:48:38.15
Well, you there,
did you see it happen?
00:48:38.18\00:48:40.12
Yeah. Did you
know I was doing it?
00:48:40.15\00:48:42.78
Tell me what happened.
00:48:42.82\00:48:44.45
You know, you
explained to me what I did.
00:48:44.49\00:48:46.52
And, of course,
00:48:46.55\00:48:47.89
none of us were
there to tell God.
00:48:47.92\00:48:49.66
But God tells us.
00:48:49.69\00:48:51.03
That's right.
00:48:51.06\00:48:52.39
And He shows us in
the geological layers
00:48:52.43\00:48:55.63
and the fossils and all.
00:48:55.66\00:48:58.17
Yeah, I can visualize
going to God in judgment.
00:48:58.20\00:49:00.87
And God says,
00:49:00.90\00:49:02.77
why didn't you
accept my story of creation?
00:49:02.80\00:49:06.47
And you say, well, it
was radiometric dating,
00:49:06.51\00:49:09.04
or it was this or that?
00:49:09.08\00:49:10.68
And God said, look, I knew
you couldn't figure that out.
00:49:10.71\00:49:13.21
Maybe you pull back the curtain
00:49:13.25\00:49:14.58
and show you what
you misunderstood,
00:49:14.62\00:49:16.48
but are you
gonna argue with God?
00:49:16.52\00:49:20.49
I mean, He says,
00:49:20.52\00:49:22.96
I knew you
couldn't figure it out
00:49:22.99\00:49:24.36
so I told you what I did.
00:49:24.39\00:49:25.73
I showed you, I left evidence.
00:49:25.76\00:49:27.10
I showed you, yeah.
00:49:27.13\00:49:28.43
So that you
wouldn't make any mistake.
00:49:28.46\00:49:29.80
Yeah. He gave us His word.
00:49:29.83\00:49:32.60
But then He gave us
in the earth as well.
00:49:32.63\00:49:34.77
Exactly. Proof of it.
00:49:34.80\00:49:36.84
And so who are we
to call into question
00:49:36.91\00:49:39.57
what God says,
00:49:39.61\00:49:40.98
I think that it
will be a matter of,
00:49:41.01\00:49:43.28
I told you, I showed you.
00:49:43.35\00:49:44.88
Yes.
00:49:44.91\00:49:46.25
Why are you saying
you didn't realize?
00:49:46.28\00:49:49.32
But that's what we do.
00:49:49.35\00:49:50.99
I was thinking
about this little dinosaur
00:49:51.02\00:49:52.95
that you said
you found a nano...
00:49:52.99\00:49:54.99
Nanotyrannus
00:49:55.02\00:49:56.73
Nanotyrannus.
00:49:56.76\00:49:58.36
You said you
found the second one
00:49:58.39\00:49:59.73
that had ever been found.
00:49:59.76\00:50:01.06
Yes.
00:50:01.10\00:50:02.43
Why didn't you
found the first one?
00:50:02.46\00:50:05.17
It was just a skull.
00:50:05.20\00:50:06.90
And it had been
found many years earlier.
00:50:06.94\00:50:09.34
And in fact,
00:50:09.37\00:50:10.71
it just recently had been named.
00:50:10.77\00:50:13.01
So yeah, we were...
00:50:13.04\00:50:16.34
You found more than a skull.
00:50:16.38\00:50:17.75
We found parts of the body
and parts of the skull, yeah.
00:50:17.78\00:50:21.32
We're still
excavating it slowly.
00:50:21.35\00:50:23.65
So you found, you
found the second one,
00:50:23.69\00:50:25.82
but you found more.
00:50:25.85\00:50:27.22
Yeah.
00:50:27.26\00:50:28.59
It's a pity, you
didn't find the first.
00:50:28.62\00:50:29.96
So when you find a big species,
00:50:29.99\00:50:34.83
it must take a lot
of time to excavate it.
00:50:34.86\00:50:37.53
Man, it's so big, you know.
00:50:37.57\00:50:39.53
How many are on the team
that, you know, work with you?
00:50:39.57\00:50:42.37
Well, we have,
00:50:42.40\00:50:43.74
our typical turnout
00:50:43.77\00:50:47.44
for the summer
is 120, 130 people.
00:50:47.51\00:50:51.18
Wow.
00:50:51.21\00:50:52.55
And we have 22 quarries.
00:50:52.58\00:50:55.25
So we have a lot
of different places
00:50:55.28\00:50:56.72
where we're excavating
00:50:56.75\00:50:58.15
on 8000 acre
cattle ranch in Wyoming.
00:50:58.19\00:51:02.06
And we have excavated
so far about 30,000 bones.
00:51:02.09\00:51:07.23
And we're still going, we
got 2000 bones this summer.
00:51:07.30\00:51:10.83
How hard is the material
that's embedded around them?
00:51:10.87\00:51:13.60
Is it...
00:51:13.64\00:51:14.97
We're very fortunate.
00:51:15.00\00:51:16.34
It's soft.
00:51:16.37\00:51:17.71
It's like mud stone.
00:51:17.74\00:51:19.54
It's, if it gets
wet, it turns into mud.
00:51:19.57\00:51:22.38
Okay. You can't dig.
00:51:22.41\00:51:25.45
Yeah, that would be a
bit difficult, mud sticks.
00:51:25.48\00:51:28.25
It does.
00:51:28.28\00:51:29.62
It would be a mess.
00:51:29.65\00:51:30.99
So you're
ruining somebody's ranch.
00:51:31.02\00:51:32.49
Well, we try to leave in
this respectfully as we can.
00:51:32.52\00:51:37.93
I just think of
mining companies.
00:51:37.96\00:51:39.86
No, this is,
00:51:39.89\00:51:41.20
these are very small areas
00:51:41.23\00:51:42.56
and we do seek to
reconstruct it as we go.
00:51:42.60\00:51:45.47
So you know,
00:51:45.50\00:51:46.87
how do you get on one of
those I'll use the word digs.
00:51:46.90\00:51:50.34
Is our public able to join
you or is it just people who...
00:51:50.37\00:51:53.94
Students send.
00:51:54.01\00:51:55.34
Yeah, any, anyone
00:51:55.38\00:51:56.71
who wants to join us may do so.
00:51:56.75\00:51:58.58
It's, there's a website,
it's dinosaurproject@swau.edu.
00:51:58.61\00:52:05.52
Okay.
00:52:05.55\00:52:06.89
Dinosaurproject@swau.edu.
00:52:06.96\00:52:11.83
Swau stands for Southwestern
Adventist University.
00:52:11.86\00:52:15.53
Yeah, that's right.
00:52:15.56\00:52:16.93
And what we're
going to do right now
00:52:16.97\00:52:18.90
is have the 3ABN address roll.
00:52:18.93\00:52:21.64
If you want to find out
00:52:21.67\00:52:23.30
more about what
we're talking about,
00:52:23.37\00:52:25.81
please contact us
if you want to donate,
00:52:25.84\00:52:27.68
to help us to make more of
these interesting programs.
00:52:27.71\00:52:30.55
We invite you
to do that as well.
00:52:30.61\00:52:32.85
But let us know
how you're going.
00:52:32.88\00:52:34.22
We'd love to
hear from our viewers.
00:52:34.28\00:52:35.62
So here are our contact details.
00:52:35.65\00:52:37.55
If you would like to
contact 3ABN Australia,
00:52:41.82\00:52:44.13
you may do so in
the following ways.
00:52:44.19\00:52:46.03
You may write to 3ABN
Australia, PO Box 752,
00:52:46.06\00:52:50.30
Morisset, New South
Wales 2264, Australia.
00:52:50.33\00:52:54.40
That's PO Box 752, Morisset,
00:52:54.44\00:52:58.11
New South Wales 2264, Australia.
00:52:58.14\00:53:01.41
Or you may call 02-4973-3456.
00:53:01.44\00:53:06.15
That's 02-4973-3456
00:53:06.18\00:53:10.32
from 8:30 am to 5
pm Monday to Thursday,
00:53:10.39\00:53:14.06
or 8:30 am to 12 pm
Fridays, New South Wales time.
00:53:14.09\00:53:19.06
You may also email us at
mail@3abnaustralia.org.au
00:53:19.09\00:53:24.90
That's
mail@3abnaustralia.org.au.
00:53:24.93\00:53:32.34
Thank you for all you do
to help us light the world
00:53:32.37\00:53:34.94
with the glory of God's truth.
00:53:34.98\00:53:36.71
I'm sure you've
got those details,
00:53:39.48\00:53:42.02
but we're going to add
something else up there.
00:53:42.05\00:53:44.35
Dr. Arthur Chadwick
is very happy for you
00:53:44.39\00:53:46.55
to email him if
you have any questions.
00:53:46.59\00:53:49.29
And if he's able to answer them,
00:53:49.32\00:53:50.69
I'm sure he will.
00:53:50.73\00:53:52.06
And we've also got that
other detail of the address,
00:53:52.09\00:53:54.63
here it is.
00:53:54.66\00:53:56.00
It's chadwick@swau.edu
00:53:56.03\00:54:01.60
chadwick@swau.edu.
00:54:01.64\00:54:07.11
So feel free... And
the dinosaur project.
00:54:07.18\00:54:09.31
And the dinosaur
project, here it is here.
00:54:09.34\00:54:12.35
You can see there,
dinosaurproject, all one word,
00:54:12.38\00:54:16.12
. swau.edu.
00:54:16.15\00:54:19.62
So that's how you can find out
00:54:19.65\00:54:21.29
if you're keen.
00:54:21.32\00:54:22.66
And I'm sure that
00:54:22.69\00:54:24.39
some of you may think
I'd like to do some of this.
00:54:24.43\00:54:26.80
Oh, that's interesting,
because he's from Kane, Texas.
00:54:26.83\00:54:31.57
Yeah.
00:54:31.60\00:54:32.93
So in our last closing moments,
00:54:32.97\00:54:37.21
I'm sure that you would
want to share something with us
00:54:37.27\00:54:39.51
that you would convey
to our viewers in relation
00:54:39.54\00:54:43.31
to where you've come
from being a Christian,
00:54:43.35\00:54:46.45
following God and
seeing the evidence,
00:54:46.48\00:54:48.12
what would you
say to our viewers?
00:54:48.15\00:54:51.69
I feel that my
life I can be happy,
00:54:51.72\00:54:55.56
I can be joyful
00:54:55.59\00:54:57.96
because I know that my Savior
is alive and He will save me.
00:54:57.99\00:55:03.47
And He will save you
00:55:03.50\00:55:04.97
if you put yourself in His care.
00:55:05.00\00:55:07.74
And all the work that I do,
00:55:07.77\00:55:10.21
all the exciting research
that I do is done to His glory.
00:55:10.24\00:55:16.31
So I hope that
00:55:16.34\00:55:18.48
you will consider
following His lead.
00:55:18.51\00:55:22.65
So how did you get to do this?
00:55:22.68\00:55:24.02
You're on,
00:55:24.09\00:55:25.42
I know you're
traveling all around the world.
00:55:25.45\00:55:26.79
You've got a wife? Yes.
00:55:26.82\00:55:28.16
How many children? Two children.
00:55:28.19\00:55:29.82
Yeah. Do you see them often?
00:55:29.86\00:55:31.29
Or you, is your work
taking you all over the place
00:55:31.33\00:55:34.83
and you're not home
with your family very often.
00:55:34.83\00:55:36.93
Yeah, unfortunately,
00:55:36.97\00:55:38.37
I haven't seen my wife
for a couple of months now.
00:55:38.40\00:55:41.47
And it's sad, but she's
living with her grandkids.
00:55:41.50\00:55:44.07
So she's, she's
got lots of things.
00:55:44.11\00:55:45.74
She's having fun.
She's having fun too.
00:55:45.77\00:55:48.31
But I just,
00:55:48.34\00:55:49.91
it is a challenge to
meet the time constraints.
00:55:49.94\00:55:53.78
But it is also exciting
00:55:53.82\00:55:55.48
to be doing something like this,
00:55:55.52\00:55:58.35
which is
showing God's handiwork,
00:55:58.39\00:56:02.86
showing the Bible
and teaching young people
00:56:02.89\00:56:06.76
this same sort of thing
that you've been discovering.
00:56:06.83\00:56:09.30
It must be rewarding.
00:56:09.33\00:56:10.67
Yeah, absolutely.
00:56:10.70\00:56:12.03
And the people that
come out to this dig,
00:56:12.07\00:56:13.94
we have people
from all over the world.
00:56:13.97\00:56:15.47
We had the
scientists from Romania,
00:56:15.50\00:56:19.74
and one from Italy
and one from Africa,
00:56:19.77\00:56:23.11
one from Argentina,
00:56:23.14\00:56:26.31
one from Peru,
one from Puerto Rico,
00:56:26.35\00:56:29.12
one from, from...
00:56:29.15\00:56:31.92
So they're
coming from everywhere.
00:56:31.95\00:56:33.56
Yeah, from Philippines.
00:56:33.59\00:56:35.42
This, this, just
this last year alone,
00:56:35.46\00:56:37.43
we had people
from all over the world
00:56:37.46\00:56:38.89
that joined us.
00:56:38.93\00:56:40.30
Yeah, that is fantastic.
00:56:40.33\00:56:41.96
And I just like to
say to any young people,
00:56:42.00\00:56:44.27
if you are wondering
00:56:44.30\00:56:45.63
what God might want
you to do in your life,
00:56:45.67\00:56:48.37
maybe He wants you to
follow on something like this
00:56:48.40\00:56:52.77
that Dr. Chadwick is doing.
00:56:52.81\00:56:56.64
Learning more about God
and more things to prove
00:56:56.71\00:56:59.58
that the Bible is true.
00:56:59.61\00:57:01.18
I'm happy to have
anyone replace me.
00:57:01.22\00:57:05.45
I want to encourage people
00:57:05.49\00:57:06.82
to follow where the Lord leads.
00:57:06.89\00:57:08.46
Yeah, that's great.
00:57:08.49\00:57:10.56
Because our young
people need to know
00:57:10.59\00:57:13.76
that there's work they
can do for God in science.
00:57:13.83\00:57:17.27
And you have found that.
00:57:17.30\00:57:18.63
Yes, absolutely.
00:57:18.67\00:57:20.00
Yeah, that's wonderful.
00:57:20.04\00:57:21.50
And so we really appreciate
00:57:21.54\00:57:23.71
the fact that you've
been on the program with us.
00:57:23.74\00:57:25.07
Yes.
00:57:25.11\00:57:26.44
I've learned quite
a bit on this program,
00:57:26.47\00:57:28.51
finding out about
the dinosaurs and things
00:57:28.54\00:57:32.08
and I'm sure that you have too.
00:57:32.11\00:57:34.75
May God bless you
00:57:34.78\00:57:36.35
and continue to keep you
00:57:36.38\00:57:37.92
and stay faithful
to Him and His Word
00:57:37.95\00:57:40.06
until we see you next time.
00:57:40.09\00:57:41.52
God bless.
00:57:41.56\00:57:42.89