[uplifting music]
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>>Eric Flickinger:
Welcome to "Sabbath School,"
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brought to you by It Is Written.
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Glad that you
could join us today,
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we are looking at
an incredible subject.
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We're looking at
God's love and justice,
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and this is part
of a 13-lesson study.
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Today we are
looking at lesson number 9,
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and that is "The
Cosmic Conflict."
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As we look at the
greater scope of things,
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the war between good and evil
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that has existed for
quite a few years now,
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how does God's love and
justice fit into this picture?
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That's what we're going
to be diving into today,
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but let's begin with prayer.
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Father, we thank You for
drawing us together today
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and giving us an
opportunity to delve
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into this incredible subject.
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We ask that You will help us to
understand not just the subject
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today a little
better but to understand You
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a little bit better
and Your love for us.
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We ask that Your
blessing would be upon us today,
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and we thank You,
in Jesus' name, amen.
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Well, we're grateful once
again to have John Peckham
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with us today; he is the author
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of this quarter's
"Sabbath School" lesson.
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He is an associate
editor of the "Adventist Review"
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and also a research professor
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at the Theological
Seminary at Andrews University.
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John, thanks for
joining us again today.
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>>John Peckham: Thank you.
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>>Eric: So, "The
Cosmic Conflict,"
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we are looking at a--this is
perhaps a term that many of us
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are familiar with, perhaps some
of us are not familiar with,
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but what exactly is
this cosmic conflict
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as we look at biblical theology?
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How does it help us? How does it
help to shape our understanding
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of the things that are
going on in the world today,
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the narrative of Scripture?
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How does this
pull things together?
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>>John: Yeah, so
the cosmic conflict
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is the idea of a
cosmic battle or a cosmic war
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between God's kingdom of
light and a demonic kingdom
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of darkness, which
consists of fallen angels
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who rebelled
against God's kingdom.
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And this is actually
a very prominent motif
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throughout Scripture,
and it peels back the curtain
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to show us that more is
going on than meets the eye
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and provides a larger framework
for dealing with this problem
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of evil that we're discussing.
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So, for those that have been
kind of following along with us,
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we've seen in past lessons
that there are many things
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we do not know, and
we should not expect
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to know everything,
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what God is doing
and why He's doing.
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We've seen that God does
not always get what He wants,
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so you have providence in
which God grants free will,
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and God grants free will
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because it is
necessary for love.
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But even with those
pieces of the puzzle,
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we recognize there
are evils in the world
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that it seems like God
could and should prevent
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without
undermining anyone's freedom.
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It seems like there must
be a lot more to the story,
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and there is in the Bible;
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there is a much larger
conflict that we sometimes call
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"the great controversy"
or "the cosmic conflict"
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that is always
operating in the background.
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Sometimes it's visible,
but very often it is invisible,
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and I want to start
by reading 1 John 3:8,
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and I want to make it
very clear from the outset
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that the cosmic
conflict, the great controversy,
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is not some kind of
peripheral narrative
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or framework; it's
central to the biblical story.
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In fact, it's
central to the gospel story.
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You can't start in
the book of Matthew--
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you can't read very far at all
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without bumping
into the cosmic conflict
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over and over and over again.
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So, it's central
to the gospel story,
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it's not a side narrative,
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and it's central to
Christ's own purpose
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in redemption.
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It says in 1 John 3:8 this:
"He who sins is of the devil,
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"for the devil has
sinned from the beginning.
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"For this purpose the
Son of God was manifested,
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that He might destroy
the works of the devil."
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So, for this purpose
the Son of God was manifest,
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to destroy the
works of the devil.
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So, dealing with this enemy,
dealing with this adversary,
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known as the devil, is central
to Christ's redemptive purpose.
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We also see this cosmic
conflict laid out very clearly
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in many places in Scripture;
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one of them is in Revelation
12, beginning in verse 7.
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>>Eric: "And war
broke out in heaven:
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"Michael and his
angels fought with the dragon;
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"and the dragon
and his angels fought,
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"but they did not prevail,
nor was a place found for them
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"in heaven any longer.
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"So the great
dragon was cast out,
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"that serpent of old,
called the Devil and Satan,
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"who deceives the whole world;
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"he was cast to the earth,
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"and his angels
were cast out with him.
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"Then I heard a loud
voice saying in heaven,
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"'Now salvation and strength,
and the kingdom of our God,
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"'and the power of
His Christ have come,
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"'for the
accuser of our brethren,
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"'who accused them
before our God day and night,
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"'has been cast down.
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"'And they overcame him
by the blood of the Lamb
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"'and by the word
of their testimony,
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and they did not love
their lives to the death.'"
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>>John: There's so
many things in that passage,
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and I just want to
point out a few of them.
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Obviously, the
dragon, the great dragon--
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who stands behind the
oppressive empires of the world
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we'll talk about in a
later lesson a little bit--
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is identified as this devil,
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who's called the
deceiver of the whole world.
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So, we know that his
modus operandi, if you will,
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is deception, right?
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He's the arch deceiver
and the arch slanderer.
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In fact, the Greek word
"devil" just means "slanderer."
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So, this is his strategy,
is to slander God's character,
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to deceive the
whole world by lies.
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He's also called in that passage
"the accuser of our brethren"
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who always "accuses them
day and night before God."
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And this is again
his work as the accuser
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in the heavenly court.
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Before God there is a heavenly
court or a heavenly council
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that we'll see many scenes about
in our discussions to come,
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and the devil is standing there
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kind of like a
malevolent prosecuting attorney
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who's raising
accusations against God's people
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and indirectly
against God Himself.
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So, that tells us
there is a cosmic conflict
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with massive implications
that is not just affecting
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what's happening on earth,
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but there's
actually scenes in heaven
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that are very much
tied in to what is going on
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here on earth in
this cosmic conflict.
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>>Eric: So, that
gives us a better idea
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of what the cosmic conflict,
the concept of that is.
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I want to go to a
parable now that Jesus tells
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in Matthew, chapter 13
about the wheat and the tares.
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As he shares this parable,
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how does this
help us to understand,
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to comprehend the
idea of evil in the world,
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the presence of
evil in this world,
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and what kind of implications
does that have for us
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or does this have
for us in understanding
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God's actions?
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>>John: Yeah, this is--there's
many places you can go
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to introduce the
cosmic conflict to someone,
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but if I was
starting with someone
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who'd never
heard of this concept,
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this is often
where I like to start
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because it's really a clear
picture of the basic elements
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of this cosmic
conflict in this parable.
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So, Jesus tells a
parable about a landowner
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who sowed good seed in his field
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and only good seed in his field.
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Then during the night,
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an enemy comes and
sows tares in that field.
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Now, tares are
like noxious weeds;
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you don't want
them in your field.
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After a while, some
of the wheat springs up
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but tares spring
up with the wheat.
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And the servants of
the landowner turn to him,
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and they say, "[Master], did you
not sow good seed in your field?
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How then does it have tares?"
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Now, this is very similar to the
question that people ask today.
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People very often ask,
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"God, didn't You
create the world good?"
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Or, "Didn't God
create everything perfect?
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Why, then, is there
evil in God's good creation?"
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And the landowner's
response is very profound,
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very simple but very profound.
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His answer is simply
this: "An enemy has done this."
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And we don't have to guess
who the enemy is in the parable
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because later when
Jesus is explaining
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the meaning of this parable,
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He just says explicitly
the enemy is the devil.
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And so the servants
don't stop there; they have
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another question. They
say, "Okay, so there's evil
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"in the world because
of this enemy, this devil.
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"Why don't we just uproot it?
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"Do you want us to just go and
pluck up the tares right now?
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Why not just get rid of evil?"
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And this is the same kind
of question people ask today.
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Okay, there's a
devil; he's doing evil;
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why doesn't God just destroy him
and get rid of him right away?
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And the answer
that the landowner gives
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is also
instructive; he says, no,
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because if you
prematurely uproot the wheat--
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or the tares,
rather-- some of the wheat
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will also be
uprooted with the tares
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because they are intertwined.
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In other words, in some
way we don't fully understand,
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for God to prematurely
remove evil from the world
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would result in a
horribly unacceptable level
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of collateral damage.
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For some time, these must
be allowed to grow together
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in a way that God
can deal with evil
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without actually
doing more damage
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to uproot the
evil once and for all
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in a way that there
will never be any evil again.
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So, we see a number of things;
that there is a conflict, and
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that God has some good reasons
for dealing with evil in the way
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that He does, for
allowing it for a time
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in order to not
actually uproot more good.
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>>Eric: So, coming
back to the concept of evil
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in the world, it exists.
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I think most of us
will recognize that,
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you'd have to be blind not to.
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But the existence of evil,
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how does that pose a
challenge to the concept
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that God's
creation was wholly good?
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How did evil
get into this earth?
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There are different ideas
floating around out there,
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one biblical one, and we
want to try to go to that one.
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>>John: Yeah, yeah, so Genesis 1
and Genesis 2 make it very clear
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that God's
creation was entirely good.
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At the end of day six
of creation, Genesis 1,
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God looked at
all that He had made
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and it was very good.
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And if you're reading, if
someone was reading the Bible
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for the first time, you
can see the cosmic conflict
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already beginning in Genesis 3.
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You don't have to
go to Revelation 12;
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you don't have
to go to Matthew 13;
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we see it entering in Genesis 3.
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God had made everything
good, but then all of a sudden
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in Genesis 3,
there is something else--
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or I should say
someone else who is there.
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So, Genesis 3,
if we look at that,
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Genesis 3, beginning
in verse 1 through 5.
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>>Eric: "Now the
serpent was more cunning
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"than any beast of the field
which the Lord God had made.
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"And he said to the
woman, 'Has God indeed said,
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"'You shall not eat of
every tree of the garden'?
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"And the woman
said to the serpent,
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"'We may eat [of] the fruit
of the trees of the garden;
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"'but of the fruit of the tree
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"'which is in the
midst of the garden,
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"'God has said,
"You shall not eat it,
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"nor shall you
touch it, lest you die."'
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"Then the serpent
said to the woman,
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"'You will not surely die.
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"'For God knows that
in the day you eat of it
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"'your eyes will be opened,
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and you will be like
God, knowing good and evil.'"
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>>John: So, let's unpack
a few things in that story.
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You have this serpent
that appears at this tree,
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and Eve meets the serpent there,
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and the serpent is
described as "cunning,"
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or another translation
for that is "crafty."
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And the Hebrew
term is ambiguous,
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it could mean "crafty" good,
it could mean "crafty" bad,
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and if you didn't know the
story already or you didn't know
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who the serpent is already,
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you don't know whether the
serpent is good or evil yet.
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But then the serpent begins
to raise questions about God:
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"Did God really say...?"
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Just kind of planting
that seed of doubt, right?
00:11:12.30\00:11:14.57
And if you notice, the serpent
says almost the exact opposite
00:11:14.60\00:11:17.94
of what God had commanded.
00:11:17.97\00:11:19.27
God had commanded Adam
and Eve that they could eat
00:11:19.31\00:11:21.78
from every tree in
the garden except for one,
00:11:21.81\00:11:24.11
and the serpent twists it
and turns it around and says,
00:11:24.15\00:11:26.01
"Has God really said you're
going to only eat from one?"
00:11:26.05\00:11:29.62
And so Eve corrects him, right?
00:11:29.65\00:11:32.05
And she corrects him and
says there's only one tree--
00:11:32.09\00:11:35.09
"We're not to eat of it
or touch it, lest we die."
00:11:35.12\00:11:37.63
And then the serpent says to
Eve, "You surely will not die."
00:11:37.66\00:11:45.07
Which is to say...
00:11:45.10\00:11:46.74
God is a liar.
00:11:46.77\00:11:50.91
Now, at this point, even
if we don't know anything else
00:11:50.94\00:11:53.24
about the story, we
know that someone is a liar.
00:11:53.27\00:11:57.88
Someone has been lying.
Someone has lied to Eve.
00:11:57.91\00:12:00.68
Either God has lied to
Eve, or the serpent is a liar
00:12:00.72\00:12:04.39
and has lied to Eve.
00:12:04.42\00:12:05.89
And Eve herself has
to make that choice.
00:12:05.92\00:12:08.39
Who will she
believe? Who will she trust?
00:12:08.42\00:12:11.49
Which is ultimately
the choice that all of us
00:12:11.53\00:12:13.80
have to make in
the cosmic conflict.
00:12:13.83\00:12:15.70
Because the serpent, who
turns out later to be the devil,
00:12:15.73\00:12:18.87
Revelation
identifies him as the devil
00:12:18.90\00:12:20.57
when we saw that
in Revelation 12,
00:12:20.60\00:12:22.17
calls him the serpent of old,
it's referring to this story.
00:12:22.20\00:12:25.07
The serpent always works
to slander God's character,
00:12:25.11\00:12:27.44
and he does it
from the beginning,
00:12:27.48\00:12:28.98
because he not
only says God is a liar,
00:12:29.01\00:12:30.98
but then he suggests
God has a motive for lying.
00:12:31.01\00:12:33.58
He says, "Because God knows
that in the day you eat from it
00:12:33.62\00:12:36.45
you will become like
God, knowing good and evil."
00:12:36.48\00:12:39.49
So, he not only says,
"God is lying to you, Eve,
00:12:39.52\00:12:41.76
"but God doesn't really
want what is best for you.
00:12:41.79\00:12:44.93
"He's withholding
something from you
00:12:44.96\00:12:46.73
"to keep you in the dark,
to keep you under His thumb.
00:12:46.76\00:12:49.86
"If you were to eat
this, you'd become like God,
00:12:49.90\00:12:51.60
knowing good and evil."
00:12:51.63\00:12:52.93
Now, here again this
is like a fishhook, right?
00:12:52.97\00:12:56.37
A lure with a hook inside
that Satan twists the truth,
00:12:56.40\00:13:01.04
because if we think about
it, Adam and Eve already had
00:13:01.08\00:13:04.58
knowledge of good; the
only thing they didn't have
00:13:04.61\00:13:07.25
was the
experiential knowledge of evil.
00:13:07.28\00:13:10.19
And I don't know about you,
but if I could give that back,
00:13:10.22\00:13:12.79
I would, right?
00:13:12.82\00:13:14.12
There was no good thing
that God was withholding
00:13:14.16\00:13:16.46
from Adam and Eve, but
the serpent twists this,
00:13:16.49\00:13:18.99
and he suggests that God
is a liar and God is lying
00:13:19.03\00:13:21.80
because He doesn't really want
what is best for Adam and Eve.
00:13:21.83\00:13:25.23
And all throughout Scripture,
this is the mode of operation
00:13:25.27\00:13:28.80
of the devil, to try
to slander God's character
00:13:28.84\00:13:31.91
because this is a conflict
not primarily over power
00:13:31.94\00:13:35.24
but a conflict over character.
00:13:35.28\00:13:37.71
And this point is
crucial to understand
00:13:37.75\00:13:39.85
because there's many
people when they hear about
00:13:39.88\00:13:41.78
a great
controversy or cosmic conflict,
00:13:41.82\00:13:43.59
they say, "Oh,
that would be impossible
00:13:43.62\00:13:46.12
"because God's all-powerful.
00:13:46.15\00:13:47.59
"How could God be in any kind
of a war with a mere creature,
00:13:47.62\00:13:51.19
"even someone
powerful like the devil?
00:13:51.23\00:13:53.33
God is all-powerful;
there could be no conflict."
00:13:53.36\00:13:56.13
And this is true--
there could be no conflict
00:13:56.16\00:13:58.30
if it was a
conflict of sheer power,
00:13:58.33\00:14:00.40
but this is a
different kind of conflict,
00:14:00.44\00:14:02.00
it's a conflict over
character that centers around
00:14:02.04\00:14:04.91
slanderous
allegations raised by the devil,
00:14:04.94\00:14:08.08
and you cannot settle a
conflict over one's character
00:14:08.11\00:14:12.08
by a show of power.
00:14:12.11\00:14:13.42
It's a different
kind of conflict,
00:14:13.45\00:14:15.12
it's a conflict
over these allegations,
00:14:15.15\00:14:16.92
and this plays out
all throughout Scripture.
00:14:16.95\00:14:19.12
>>Eric: So, this theme
that we're looking at this week,
00:14:19.15\00:14:20.86
this cosmic conflict,
is a significant theme,
00:14:20.89\00:14:24.03
and as you mentioned, it
runs from Genesis to Revelation,
00:14:24.06\00:14:26.86
and it's critical
that we understand it.
00:14:26.90\00:14:29.20
The lesson that we have
helps us to understand it,
00:14:29.23\00:14:31.87
but there's
also a companion book
00:14:31.90\00:14:33.37
that goes along
with this week's lesson
00:14:33.40\00:14:35.20
or with this
quarter's entire lesson.
00:14:35.24\00:14:37.24
What are we going to
get in that companion book?
00:14:37.27\00:14:39.61
>>John: Yeah, in that companion
volume I can delve more deeply
00:14:39.64\00:14:42.14
into the nature of
this cosmic conflict,
00:14:42.18\00:14:44.41
the conflict and
how it has what I call
00:14:44.45\00:14:46.55
rules of engagement that
we'll touch on a little bit,
00:14:46.58\00:14:48.82
and we do in the
lesson and in our discussion,
00:14:48.85\00:14:50.85
but can go into much
more depth about why,
00:14:50.89\00:14:54.72
how the
controversy is operating,
00:14:54.76\00:14:56.76
and why God Himself
is operating in a way
00:14:56.79\00:14:59.69
within this
conflict that involves Him
00:14:59.73\00:15:02.50
even working around
impediments in this conflict,
00:15:02.53\00:15:05.03
which peels back the
curtain, so to speak,
00:15:05.07\00:15:07.70
on what's
happening behind the scenes.
00:15:07.74\00:15:09.44
>>Eric: If you'd like to
pick up that companion book,
00:15:09.47\00:15:11.44
you will find it
at itiswritten.shop,
00:15:11.47\00:15:14.44
again, itiswritten.shop.
00:15:14.48\00:15:16.24
Look for the
companion book to this quarter's
00:15:16.28\00:15:18.21
"Sabbath School"
lesson about God and justice.
00:15:18.25\00:15:21.95
We're going to be
right back as we continue
00:15:21.98\00:15:23.28
looking at "The Cosmic Conflict"
here on "Sabbath School,"
00:15:23.32\00:15:26.45
brought to you by It Is Written.
00:15:26.49\00:15:28.29
[uplifting music]
00:15:28.32\00:15:31.33
>>John Bradshaw: From
the beasts of the land
00:15:33.06\00:15:34.93
to the fish of the sea,
00:15:34.96\00:15:36.83
from the birds of the
air to the tiniest insects,
00:15:36.87\00:15:39.97
everywhere we look in
nature we see selfishness,
00:15:40.00\00:15:44.54
creatures harming other
creatures in order to survive.
00:15:44.57\00:15:47.78
The Bible tells us that God
is love, but if the God of love
00:15:47.81\00:15:51.45
created the earth and everything
in it, how did the world come
00:15:51.48\00:15:54.68
to operate on principles so
inconsistent with His character?
00:15:54.72\00:15:59.69
Join me for "The
Selfishness Paradigm," part one
00:15:59.72\00:16:03.12
of It Is Written's
series "Prequel of the Bible."
00:16:03.16\00:16:06.63
We'll begin to unravel how a
world created by a God of love
00:16:06.66\00:16:10.50
could come to function on
a system that is so unloving.
00:16:10.53\00:16:14.94
And we'll look to the Bible and
see how God is going to restore
00:16:14.97\00:16:18.34
all things to the
way they're meant to be.
00:16:18.37\00:16:21.41
Don't miss "The
Selfishness Paradigm,"
00:16:21.44\00:16:24.71
part one of our
five-part series,
00:16:24.75\00:16:26.72
"Prequel of the
Bible," on It Is Written TV.
00:16:26.75\00:16:30.42
[uplifting music]
00:16:32.75\00:16:37.23
>>Eric: Welcome
back to "Sabbath School,"
00:16:37.26\00:16:38.69
brought to you by It Is Written.
00:16:38.73\00:16:40.56
We're looking this week
at "The Cosmic Conflict."
00:16:40.60\00:16:42.96
This is lesson number 9 of 13,
00:16:43.00\00:16:46.87
and if you find this
week's lesson interesting
00:16:46.90\00:16:48.94
and you've missed
any of the previous ones,
00:16:48.97\00:16:50.87
I want to encourage you to
go back and watch some of those.
00:16:50.91\00:16:53.38
You can find them
archived at itiswritten.tv
00:16:53.41\00:16:56.88
or on the It Is
Written YouTube channel.
00:16:56.91\00:16:59.95
Both places you'll
find the previous lessons
00:17:00.05\00:17:02.82
for this quarter's study.
00:17:02.85\00:17:05.49
John, we're looking at
"The Cosmic Conflict" here.
00:17:05.52\00:17:09.32
It began when
there was dissatisfaction
00:17:09.36\00:17:14.93
with the way God
was doing things.
00:17:14.96\00:17:17.20
The adversary, the
devil, Lucifer, first a created,
00:17:17.23\00:17:20.57
a perfectly-created
being, exercised his free will
00:17:20.60\00:17:23.91
and chose to go a
different direction.
00:17:23.94\00:17:25.74
There's a couple of places
in the Bible where we find this
00:17:25.77\00:17:28.11
described, over in
Ezekiel 28 and Isaiah 14.
00:17:28.14\00:17:31.78
How does this--what
kind of insights can we gain
00:17:31.81\00:17:35.68
from the fall of Lucifer
in helping us to understand
00:17:35.72\00:17:38.35
what's going on in
the great controversy?
00:17:38.39\00:17:40.46
>>John: Yeah, this peels
back the curtain even further.
00:17:40.49\00:17:42.72
We saw in Genesis
3 just a moment ago
00:17:42.76\00:17:45.83
that evil came to God's
world as an alien, right?
00:17:45.86\00:17:49.43
God created everything
good, and all of a sudden
00:17:49.46\00:17:51.40
there's this serpent
who is a liar in the garden.
00:17:51.43\00:17:54.24
He must have
come from elsewhere,
00:17:54.27\00:17:56.40
but the question is
where did that evil come from?
00:17:56.44\00:17:58.67
And Ezekiel 28 and
Isaiah 14 peel back the curtain
00:17:58.71\00:18:01.54
and tell us about
this fall of this angel
00:18:01.58\00:18:03.88
who was created
perfect but then fell,
00:18:03.91\00:18:05.75
not because of anything God did
but because of his own decision.
00:18:05.78\00:18:08.92
So, let's look at that passage
00:18:08.95\00:18:10.45
in Ezekiel 28,
beginning in verse 12 together.
00:18:10.49\00:18:13.62
>>Eric: "Son of man,
take up a lamentation
00:18:13.66\00:18:15.72
for the king of
Tyre, and say to him,
00:18:15.76\00:18:17.86
"'Thus says the Lord
God: 'You were the seal
00:18:17.89\00:18:20.60
of perfection, full of
wisdom and perfect in beauty.'"
00:18:20.63\00:18:24.77
>>John: Now, we see from
that passage that this figure
00:18:24.80\00:18:27.90
called the king
of Tyre is addressed.
00:18:27.94\00:18:29.70
And initially one might
think this is just talking about
00:18:29.74\00:18:31.71
a mere human king of Tyre,
00:18:31.74\00:18:34.01
but as the passage
goes along, we can see that
00:18:34.04\00:18:37.91
this is not talking
about a mere human king;
00:18:37.95\00:18:40.78
it's actually using a common
device in the Old Testament.
00:18:40.82\00:18:43.89
The Old Testament recognizes
00:18:43.92\00:18:45.55
that there are
not just human rulers,
00:18:45.59\00:18:47.12
but there are
also celestial rulers
00:18:47.16\00:18:49.06
behind the human rulers,
00:18:49.09\00:18:50.73
what are often referred to
as "the gods of the nations."
00:18:50.76\00:18:52.93
They're actually
fallen demonic rulers.
00:18:52.96\00:18:55.13
We'll see more evidence of that
later in these lessons together,
00:18:55.16\00:18:58.30
but for now you wouldn't
know just from the reference
00:18:58.33\00:19:01.90
"king of Tyre"
who's being addressed,
00:19:01.94\00:19:03.41
whether the human
king or this fallen angel
00:19:03.44\00:19:06.07
behind the human king
or the celestial ruler,
00:19:06.11\00:19:08.58
but the passage itself
gives us a number of clues.
00:19:08.61\00:19:11.68
And already in the first
verse we see this statement:
00:19:11.71\00:19:14.38
"You were the
seal of perfection,
00:19:14.42\00:19:16.35
full of wisdom and
perfect in beauty."
00:19:16.38\00:19:18.45
Now, that could not refer
to the human king of Tyre.
00:19:18.49\00:19:20.92
He was not perfect.
00:19:20.96\00:19:22.59
In fact, in the
history of our world,
00:19:22.62\00:19:24.13
there's only a few possible
agents that could refer to,
00:19:24.16\00:19:27.60
but let's keep reading.
00:19:27.66\00:19:28.93
>>Eric: "You were in
Eden, the garden of God;
00:19:28.96\00:19:31.03
"every precious
stone was your covering:
00:19:31.07\00:19:33.20
"the sardius,
topaz, and diamond,
00:19:33.23\00:19:35.60
"beryl, onyx, and jasper,
00:19:35.64\00:19:37.27
"sapphire, turquoise,
and emerald with gold.
00:19:37.31\00:19:40.11
"The workmanship of
your timbrels and pipes
00:19:40.14\00:19:42.61
was prepared for you on
the day you were created."
00:19:42.64\00:19:45.75
>>John: Okay, so
this narrows it down.
00:19:45.78\00:19:47.55
"You were in Eden," right?
00:19:47.58\00:19:49.12
And this is a created
being, so it's not God.
00:19:49.15\00:19:51.02
Who else is in Eden?
00:19:51.05\00:19:52.35
You have Adam; you have
Eve; you have the serpent,
00:19:52.39\00:19:55.02
as we just saw, right? And
they're all created perfect.
00:19:55.06\00:19:58.36
Let's keep reading and
see if we have some more clues
00:19:58.39\00:20:00.30
about who this is.
00:20:00.33\00:20:01.60
>>Eric: "You were the
anointed cherub who covers;
00:20:01.63\00:20:03.63
"I established you; you were
on the holy mountain of God;
00:20:03.67\00:20:07.07
you walked back and forth
in the midst of fiery stones."
00:20:07.10\00:20:10.51
>>John: Okay, now this
narrows it down even further.
00:20:10.54\00:20:12.34
You have this
anointed cherub who covers.
00:20:12.37\00:20:14.94
Another way of describing
that is the covering cherub,
00:20:14.98\00:20:17.78
and the covering cherub--
00:20:17.81\00:20:19.11
there were two
cherubim in the most holy place
00:20:19.15\00:20:21.58
of the sanctuary that covered
over the ark of the covenant.
00:20:21.62\00:20:24.92
And so, this is identifying this
figure that's being addressed,
00:20:24.95\00:20:28.02
who was created perfect, as
one of the covering cherubim
00:20:28.06\00:20:32.89
in the most holy place
in the heavenly sanctuary.
00:20:32.93\00:20:36.30
So, this is an angelic
creature that's being addressed.
00:20:36.33\00:20:39.47
Let's keep going.
00:20:39.50\00:20:40.87
>>Eric: "You were perfect
in your ways from the day
00:20:40.90\00:20:42.77
you were created, till
iniquity was found in you."
00:20:42.80\00:20:45.77
>>John: Okay, so this
creature is created perfect;
00:20:45.81\00:20:49.01
then iniquity is found in him.
00:20:49.04\00:20:51.51
There's no explanation
given for that iniquity,
00:20:51.55\00:20:54.02
but it's not the
result of God's creation.
00:20:54.05\00:20:56.05
God created this
covering cherub perfect;
00:20:56.08\00:20:58.49
then iniquity is found in him.
00:20:58.52\00:21:01.39
>>Eric: "By the
abundance of your trading
00:21:01.42\00:21:03.06
"you became filled
with violence within,
00:21:03.09\00:21:05.33
"and you sinned;
therefore I cast you
00:21:05.36\00:21:07.66
"as a profane thing
out of the mountain of God;
00:21:07.73\00:21:10.10
"and I destroyed
you, O covering cherub,
00:21:10.13\00:21:12.20
from the midst of
the fiery stones."
00:21:12.23\00:21:14.47
>>John: Okay, that
last part of the passage
00:21:14.50\00:21:15.94
is what's called
a prophetic perfect.
00:21:15.97\00:21:17.81
So, this being has not
already been destroyed, but he's
00:21:17.84\00:21:20.28
as good--his destruction
is as good as certain.
00:21:20.31\00:21:23.55
That's what's
being described there.
00:21:23.58\00:21:25.35
But earlier you
have this phrase,
00:21:25.38\00:21:27.28
"by the
abundance of your trading,"
00:21:27.32\00:21:29.95
and the language that is
used there, the Hebrew root
00:21:29.98\00:21:33.56
that is used there, the Hebrew
word is "rekullah," and it's
00:21:33.59\00:21:36.46
from a root that means "slander"
or "slanderer," "rakal."
00:21:36.49\00:21:40.66
It can refer to kind of going
around and spreading wares,
00:21:40.70\00:21:44.30
but it also refers to
going around and spreading lies
00:21:44.33\00:21:47.14
or just literally
being a slanderer.
00:21:47.17\00:21:49.17
And this we've already seen
the devil doing in Genesis 3,
00:21:49.20\00:21:52.67
and here in Ezekiel 28
00:21:52.71\00:21:54.28
he's described as
doing it in heaven.
00:21:54.31\00:21:55.94
He goes around and he spreads
lies about God's character
00:21:55.98\00:21:58.81
in an attempt to raise
himself to the throne of God.
00:21:58.85\00:22:02.02
>>Eric: "Your heart was lifted
up because of your beauty;
00:22:02.05\00:22:04.49
"you corrupted your wisdom
for the sake of your splendor;
00:22:04.52\00:22:07.59
"I cast you to the
ground, I laid you before kings,
00:22:07.62\00:22:10.76
that they might gaze at you."
00:22:10.79\00:22:12.43
>>John: So, here we
see that this creature,
00:22:12.46\00:22:15.06
this covering cherub,
falls because of pride.
00:22:15.10\00:22:18.57
He looks at himself and he takes
pride in himself and his beauty.
00:22:18.60\00:22:21.80
Now, some people
might be tempted to think,
00:22:21.84\00:22:23.47
"Oh, well, why did
God make him so beautiful?
00:22:23.51\00:22:26.47
"Maybe if God didn't
make him so beautiful,
00:22:26.51\00:22:27.68
he wouldn't have fallen."
00:22:27.71\00:22:29.01
But actually, I
think this is a mistake
00:22:29.04\00:22:30.58
to think this way
on a number of counts.
00:22:30.61\00:22:32.75
Number one, there is no
explanation for what the Bible
00:22:32.78\00:22:37.42
calls "the mystery of iniquity."
00:22:37.45\00:22:39.39
The devil exercises
his free will to do evil,
00:22:39.42\00:22:42.72
and there is no
rational reason for that choice
00:22:42.76\00:22:44.93
because evil
itself is irrational.
00:22:44.96\00:22:46.83
And to give a
bottom-line reason--
00:22:46.86\00:22:48.80
why did he
choose to go that way?--
00:22:48.83\00:22:50.37
would be to justify the evil.
00:22:50.40\00:22:52.53
And in this case, his beauty
is no justification at all,
00:22:52.57\00:22:56.97
because did he
make himself beautiful?
00:22:57.01\00:22:59.71
No, God created him
that way, so he should have
00:22:59.74\00:23:03.38
actually gloried in
the Creator and not himself
00:23:03.41\00:23:05.68
for the beauty with
which he was created.
00:23:05.71\00:23:07.58
That should have just
turned his worship more to God.
00:23:07.62\00:23:10.25
So there is no reason
for him to turn inward,
00:23:10.29\00:23:13.69
but he chooses
that, and he falls
00:23:13.72\00:23:15.56
because of his own
pride from this status
00:23:15.59\00:23:17.73
as a covering cherub, and
he slanders God's character.
00:23:17.76\00:23:21.66
We see another scene in Isaiah,
chapter 14, verses 12-14,
00:23:21.70\00:23:25.87
and here again you
have a reference to a ruler
00:23:25.90\00:23:29.87
who refers to a celestial
ruler behind the earthly ruler.
00:23:29.90\00:23:33.34
It says of this celestial
ruler in verse 12 of Isaiah 14,
00:23:33.38\00:23:37.15
"How you are fallen from heaven,
O Lucifer, son of the morning!
00:23:37.18\00:23:40.78
"How you are cut
down to the ground,
00:23:40.82\00:23:42.92
"you who weakened the nations!
00:23:42.95\00:23:44.79
"For you have
said in your heart:
00:23:44.82\00:23:46.39
"'I will ascend into heaven,
00:23:46.42\00:23:48.09
"'I will exalt my
throne above the stars of God;
00:23:48.12\00:23:50.56
"'I will also sit on the
mount of the congregation
00:23:50.59\00:23:53.29
"'on the farthest
sides of the north.
00:23:53.33\00:23:55.33
"'I will ascend above
the heights of the clouds,
00:23:55.36\00:23:57.90
I will be like the Most High.'"
00:23:57.93\00:24:01.37
And you see here that
the goal of this fallen angel
00:24:01.40\00:24:04.97
is to ascend to
take God's very throne,
00:24:05.01\00:24:07.74
to put himself
in the place of God
00:24:07.78\00:24:09.94
and usurp the
rulership and the worship
00:24:09.98\00:24:12.05
that belongs to God alone.
00:24:12.08\00:24:14.72
>>Eric: So, this
great controversy,
00:24:14.75\00:24:16.35
this cosmic
conflict that we're seeing
00:24:16.38\00:24:18.99
kind of the origins of
here in Isaiah and Ezekiel,
00:24:19.02\00:24:22.59
it continues down through time.
00:24:22.62\00:24:24.59
Jesus dealt with it
throughout His ministry;
00:24:24.63\00:24:28.43
He continues to
deal with it right now.
00:24:28.46\00:24:31.13
There's an account
of Jesus' temptation
00:24:31.17\00:24:33.13
that appears in
both Luke and Matthew.
00:24:33.17\00:24:36.54
How does this
temptation kind of help us
00:24:36.57\00:24:40.04
to see the ongoing
nature of the conflict?
00:24:40.08\00:24:42.38
>>John: Yeah, so
this temptation, again,
00:24:42.41\00:24:44.55
gives us more
glimpses into what is going on.
00:24:44.58\00:24:47.75
And so, we have in
both Matthew 4 and Luke 4,
00:24:47.78\00:24:50.25
you have this instance
where Jesus has been fasting
00:24:50.29\00:24:53.15
for a long period.
00:24:53.19\00:24:55.09
He's driven into the
wilderness by the Spirit.
00:24:55.12\00:24:57.13
So, this is a
prearranged encounter,
00:24:57.16\00:24:59.69
which is very significant.
00:24:59.73\00:25:01.36
Because in the
wilderness you have the devil
00:25:01.40\00:25:04.30
who comes to Jesus to
tempt Him, and he tempts Him
00:25:04.33\00:25:08.84
with three temptations.
00:25:08.87\00:25:11.87
The first one is that he
tells Him--of course, Jesus
00:25:11.91\00:25:15.48
is very hungry because
He's been fasting a long time,
00:25:15.51\00:25:17.75
and so he tempts Him
to turn stones into bread,
00:25:17.78\00:25:23.32
to turn stones into bread.
00:25:23.35\00:25:25.12
And Jesus refuses and says, "Man
shall not live by bread alone,
00:25:25.15\00:25:29.46
but by every word that proceeds
out of the mouth of God."
00:25:29.49\00:25:32.09
There's a couple
things just to mention.
00:25:32.13\00:25:33.53
In each of the temptations,
the devil quotes Scripture,
00:25:33.56\00:25:36.13
which tells us, number one,
the devil can quote Scripture,
00:25:36.16\00:25:38.77
but he can't quote
all of it consistently.
00:25:38.80\00:25:41.94
He twists it; he
takes it out of context.
00:25:41.97\00:25:43.74
And Jesus always
answers with Scripture,
00:25:43.77\00:25:46.01
with these
words, "It is written."
00:25:46.04\00:25:47.68
But in that
temptation, you might ask,
00:25:47.71\00:25:49.41
why is that a temptation?
00:25:49.44\00:25:50.68
Is there anything morally wrong
with turning stones into bread?
00:25:50.71\00:25:54.62
And there isn't
anything morally wrong,
00:25:54.65\00:25:57.19
but Jesus was not
supposed to use His power
00:25:57.22\00:25:59.12
for His own benefit, so it would
have been against the rules,
00:25:59.15\00:26:02.02
what we might call
the rules of engagement
00:26:02.06\00:26:03.63
in the cosmic conflict.
00:26:03.66\00:26:04.96
And this is one of the
examples of those rules.
00:26:04.99\00:26:07.13
Jesus is not supposed to use
His power for His own benefit.
00:26:07.20\00:26:10.40
Another temptation in
this narrative of the three
00:26:10.43\00:26:14.04
is where the devil
takes Him to a high place;
00:26:14.07\00:26:16.97
one of the temptations
is cast yourself down,
00:26:17.01\00:26:19.01
God will save
you, and Jesus refuses:
00:26:19.04\00:26:21.81
"You should not put
your Lord to the test."
00:26:21.84\00:26:23.48
But the third
one--it's in different orders
00:26:23.51\00:26:25.65
in the two
stories-- but the third one
00:26:25.68\00:26:27.42
I haven't
mentioned yet is he shows Him
00:26:27.45\00:26:29.25
all the kingdoms of the world
00:26:29.28\00:26:31.59
and all their glory.
00:26:31.62\00:26:33.09
And the devil says to Jesus,
00:26:33.12\00:26:34.92
"I can give you
all of this power,
00:26:34.96\00:26:38.26
all of this glory,
all these kingdoms,"
00:26:38.29\00:26:40.20
because in Luke's
account, at least, he says,
00:26:40.23\00:26:42.40
"They have
been, given over to me
00:26:42.43\00:26:44.03
and I give them
to whomever I wish."
00:26:44.07\00:26:46.23
That's in Luke 4, verse 6.
00:26:46.27\00:26:48.24
And so, he claims to
be the ruler of the world
00:26:48.27\00:26:50.91
with the authority
to give this to Jesus,
00:26:50.94\00:26:53.21
if only He will bow
down and worship him.
00:26:53.24\00:26:56.11
So, it's like
he's saying to Jesus,
00:26:56.14\00:26:57.71
"I will give all of this to
You if You will just bow down
00:26:57.75\00:27:02.15
"to me right now. You
don't have to go to the cross.
00:27:02.18\00:27:04.82
You don't have to go through
all of these horrible things."
00:27:04.85\00:27:07.39
So, in this temptation account,
00:27:07.42\00:27:08.96
we see that there is a
real ruler in the world.
00:27:08.99\00:27:11.33
Jesus calls him three
times the ruler of this world
00:27:11.36\00:27:14.03
and that he has
some real jurisdiction,
00:27:14.10\00:27:16.77
which shows us
there's much more going on
00:27:16.80\00:27:19.03
in this cosmic conflict
than meets the eye initially.
00:27:19.07\00:27:22.37
>>Eric: So, very insightful
lesson this week that helps us
00:27:22.40\00:27:25.24
to understand the greater
scope of what is going on.
00:27:25.27\00:27:29.08
And it leads us
into the remaining weeks
00:27:29.11\00:27:31.75
and lessons that we have left.
00:27:31.78\00:27:33.42
You don't want
to miss one of them.
00:27:33.45\00:27:34.75
We'll be back again next week
as we continue our journey here
00:27:34.78\00:27:37.82
on "Sabbath School,"
brought to you by It Is Written.
00:27:37.85\00:27:41.62
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