As common as eating is very few people understand all about, 00:00:01.98\00:00:06.94 digestion, and there are some parts that we know a lot about 00:00:06.97\00:00:11.51 but the common person knows nothing about. 00:00:11.54\00:00:15.03 So we would like to talk with you some today 00:00:15.06\00:00:16.96 about this process of digestion, what eating does in the process 00:00:16.99\00:00:22.53 of digestion, what your program can do in this 00:00:22.56\00:00:25.81 process of digestion, I think you will enjoy the program. 00:00:25.84\00:00:29.29 Welcome to Help Yourself to Health 00:00:49.89\00:00:52.66 with Dr. Agatha Thrash of Uchee Pines Institute, 00:00:52.69\00:00:55.86 and now here is your host Dr. Thrash. 00:00:55.89\00:00:58.97 Now you may think that because eating and digestion 00:00:59.00\00:01:07.18 are so common, after all you have done it thousands of times, 00:01:07.21\00:01:11.66 that there isn't anything really very complex about this process, 00:01:11.69\00:01:15.50 but actually there is. 00:01:15.53\00:01:17.82 Now I would like you to come with me and try to understand 00:01:17.85\00:01:21.76 this whole subject of digestion and the selection of foods 00:01:21.79\00:01:27.74 and just what we can do to make it so that indeed 00:01:27.77\00:01:32.30 this complex process runs as smoothly as we can make it 00:01:32.33\00:01:38.07 and leaves us as healthy as possible, 00:01:38.10\00:01:41.01 so I've asked Rhonda Clark to come and help me with this 00:01:41.04\00:01:45.05 thing of explaining this matter of the complexity of digestion 00:01:45.08\00:01:50.95 and Rhonda is one of my colleagues at Uchee Pines, 00:01:50.98\00:01:54.79 and Rhonda what do you do at Uchee Pines mainly? 00:01:54.82\00:01:58.54 - I work currently in the Lifestyle Center, 00:01:58.57\00:02:00.48 where I do telephone counseling with individuals who call 00:02:00.51\00:02:03.84 with health questions, I also am one of the instructors 00:02:03.87\00:02:06.74 in the Lifestyle Education course. 00:02:06.77\00:02:09.21 - Now Rhonda, I suspect that you have to do counseling 00:02:09.24\00:02:14.25 with people on this very complicated subject of digestion 00:02:14.28\00:02:18.27 because digestive complaints are so common. 00:02:18.30\00:02:20.95 - Indeed they are, we frequently discuss these issues with people 00:02:20.98\00:02:24.77 over the phone. 00:02:24.80\00:02:25.77 Not only for those who suffer from the complaints, 00:02:25.78\00:02:27.57 but for those who want to prevent them. 00:02:27.60\00:02:29.30 - And is G.E.R.D. ever one of those things? 00:02:29.33\00:02:33.76 - G.E.R.D. indeed is, G.E.R.D. is the four initials G.E.R.D. 00:02:33.79\00:02:40.51 it stands for gastro esophageal reflux disease. 00:02:40.55\00:02:44.31 It's quite common, about 20% of Americans suffer 00:02:44.34\00:02:48.32 from G.E.R.D., and while some people may take it lightly 00:02:48.35\00:02:52.85 it can lead to more serious conditions: a narrowing of the 00:02:52.88\00:02:57.59 esophagus, which makes it difficult to swallow, 00:02:57.62\00:02:59.88 or ultimately esophageal cancer. 00:02:59.91\00:03:02.81 One of the important structures in the anatomy of the 00:03:02.84\00:03:06.64 digestion system plays a critical role in G.E.R.D. 00:03:06.67\00:03:09.83 The esophagus is the tube that brings the food 00:03:09.86\00:03:13.36 from our mouth to our stomach, and as the esophagus 00:03:13.39\00:03:16.14 joins with the stomach, right there is a small ring 00:03:16.17\00:03:20.09 of muscular tissue known as the cardiac sphincter. 00:03:20.12\00:03:23.97 The cardiac sphincter plays a crucial role, 00:03:24.00\00:03:27.14 in the sense that it separates the stomach contents from 00:03:27.17\00:03:31.43 the esophagus. 00:03:31.46\00:03:33.69 When the cardiac sphincter is relaxed, it's open and food 00:03:33.72\00:03:38.34 and beverages can pass freely into the stomach, 00:03:38.37\00:03:41.59 when it contracts, it closes and protects the esophagus 00:03:41.62\00:03:45.77 from the acid contents of the stomach. 00:03:45.80\00:03:47.96 What happens in G.E.R.D., is that the cardiac sphincter 00:03:47.99\00:03:52.20 is not functioning properly and stomach contents 00:03:52.23\00:03:55.86 splash up on to the esophagus causing pain and spasm. 00:03:55.89\00:03:59.93 One of the main causes of G.E.R.D. is back pressure 00:03:59.96\00:04:07.06 on the cardiac sphincter, some of the things that cause that 00:04:07.09\00:04:11.43 and things that should strictly be avoided if you suffer 00:04:11.46\00:04:15.48 from G.E.R.D. are things such as tight belts, 00:04:15.51\00:04:19.27 or bands around the abdomen, which put pressure upward 00:04:19.30\00:04:23.16 against that delicate sphincter. 00:04:23.20\00:04:25.28 Even wearing tight clothing on the lower half of the body 00:04:25.32\00:04:29.28 can cause that back pressure, overeating, a very common cause, 00:04:29.32\00:04:35.17 where the little sphincter constantly has that pressure 00:04:35.20\00:04:38.50 against it. 00:04:38.53\00:04:40.16 Taking liquids in large amounts with meals, 00:04:40.19\00:04:43.66 even taking in large amounts of gas producing beverages 00:04:43.69\00:04:47.88 like soda pop, or gas producing vegetables 00:04:47.91\00:04:51.86 and other foods help put that pressure there. 00:04:51.89\00:04:55.68 Constipation, pregnancy, these are conditions which put 00:04:55.71\00:05:02.32 back pressure against and can contribute to G.E.R.D. 00:05:02.35\00:05:05.72 and there are some drugs that play a role by relaxing 00:05:05.75\00:05:10.53 the cardiac sphincter, caffeine being one of the most common 00:05:10.56\00:05:14.58 but some of the common over the counter pain relievers 00:05:14.61\00:05:18.76 like Tylenol, aspirin, they play a role, anti-depressant 00:05:18.79\00:05:22.56 medications also do that, and tranquilizers, 00:05:22.59\00:05:25.48 some of the sleeping medications. 00:05:25.51\00:05:26.99 Another common cause is laying down or reclining 00:05:27.02\00:05:31.15 after a meal, or exerting oneself strenuously after eating 00:05:31.18\00:05:36.03 a meal, so you begin to see how G.E.R.D. is treated then 00:05:36.06\00:05:40.81 in avoiding those activities, or those drugs, 00:05:40.84\00:05:45.05 that put back pressure on this delicate sphincter. 00:05:45.09\00:05:49.01 Other things that we look at in the treatment of G.E.R.D., 00:05:49.04\00:05:52.49 one very healthful treatment is going to a two meal 00:05:52.52\00:05:57.35 eating plan, this ensures by leaving off the third meal 00:05:57.38\00:06:01.93 of the day, that the stomach is completely empty 00:06:01.96\00:06:04.94 by the time one retires, so that as they lay down 00:06:04.97\00:06:08.72 to prepare for bed, there's nothing there to press against 00:06:08.75\00:06:11.96 the cardiac sphincter. 00:06:11.99\00:06:13.27 Another helpful treatment is to go for walks after meals 00:06:13.30\00:06:18.27 these are not to be strenuous or vigorous walks, 00:06:18.31\00:06:21.59 but nice brisk walks that are gentle exercise using the force 00:06:21.62\00:06:26.73 of gravity, the motion of the body to help keep the 00:06:26.76\00:06:29.59 stomach contents down in the stomach and protecting 00:06:29.62\00:06:33.16 the esophagus from any flowing upwards. 00:06:33.19\00:06:36.72 If the person has pain with G.E.R.D., one lovely treatment 00:06:36.75\00:06:41.91 is to take Aloe Vera juice, a couple ounces 00:06:41.94\00:06:45.89 when there is pain can help relieve the discomfort of 00:06:45.92\00:06:48.75 the esophagus, one interesting thing about G.E.R.D. 00:06:48.78\00:06:54.46 is that it can cause a very uncomfortable condition 00:06:54.49\00:06:58.55 known as cardio-spasm, and Dr. Thrash, I imagine 00:06:58.58\00:07:02.21 you have had some experience in treating patients 00:07:02.24\00:07:06.10 or counseling patients with cardio spasm. 00:07:06.13\00:07:08.51 - Oh yes, it is indeed quite common, in fact just last week 00:07:08.54\00:07:13.92 I had a patient, I had been counseling with her for a number 00:07:13.95\00:07:17.00 of years about various things, one is tight clothing, 00:07:17.03\00:07:20.61 tight bands around the waist and as she complained 00:07:20.64\00:07:23.54 about various intestinal problems, I pointed out that she 00:07:23.57\00:07:28.09 was indeed tight around the waste, and since she was 00:07:28.12\00:07:32.16 overweight, to have a tight band and to be overweight 00:07:32.19\00:07:35.84 that was going to cause a variety of intestinal problems. 00:07:35.87\00:07:40.53 Poor digestion, pain from intestinal gas, or bloating 00:07:40.56\00:07:46.31 and then of course the gastro esophageal reflux disorder. 00:07:46.34\00:07:50.58 So one night last week her husband called me and said 00:07:50.62\00:07:55.76 I'm having to take my wife down to the emergency room 00:07:55.79\00:08:00.41 and I don't know what else to do she is just in such pain. 00:08:00.44\00:08:04.57 So they did go to the emergency room and spent 14 hours there 00:08:04.60\00:08:09.29 from the time they got there until the treatment 00:08:09.32\00:08:13.17 and the testing had been accomplished. 00:08:13.20\00:08:15.65 It would have been very much better for her, 00:08:15.68\00:08:18.81 if years ago she had lost some weight, and she had 00:08:18.84\00:08:22.63 adjusted her clothing, by the way this is not the first time 00:08:22.66\00:08:27.21 that she had suffered an acute attack of G.E.R.D. 00:08:27.24\00:08:31.39 What other things can you tell us about this very complex 00:08:31.42\00:08:36.13 problem of digestion? 00:08:36.16\00:08:37.84 - One common call that we receive at the Lifestyle Center 00:08:37.87\00:08:42.18 is about the bacterial infection Helicobacter pylori. 00:08:42.21\00:08:47.18 This bacteria is a leading cause of ulcers, 00:08:47.21\00:08:50.47 both in the stomach and in the duodenum 00:08:50.50\00:08:52.84 the beginning part of the small bowel. 00:08:52.87\00:08:55.50 Helicobacter pylori is spread through food sources 00:08:55.53\00:08:59.23 and water sources, and the Center For Disease Control 00:08:59.26\00:09:02.32 estimates that two thirds of the worlds population 00:09:02.63\00:09:05.07 is infected by it. 00:09:05.10\00:09:06.18 Some people however have these manifestations of ulcers 00:09:06.21\00:09:10.82 when Helicobacter pylori occurring in the stomach, 00:09:10.85\00:09:14.55 and it's a bacteria, that very unusually thrives in that 00:09:14.58\00:09:18.19 acid environment. 00:09:18.22\00:09:19.37 There are tests now to determine if a person has this, 00:09:19.40\00:09:23.84 if you begin showing signs of an ulcer, such as a gnawing 00:09:23.87\00:09:27.61 burning pain over the stomach, or above the stomach, 00:09:27.64\00:09:30.76 especially when your stomach is empty or between meals 00:09:30.79\00:09:35.49 then you may want to have some testing, some further workup 00:09:35.52\00:09:38.95 to see if indeed you may have an ulcer. 00:09:38.98\00:09:41.67 Helicobacter pylori used to be only diagnosed by the patient 00:09:41.70\00:09:47.71 swallowing a tube, passing a tube down into the stomach 00:09:47.74\00:09:51.36 where specimens can be taken and grown in the laboratory, 00:09:51.39\00:09:55.12 that was how it was diagnosed. 00:09:55.15\00:09:56.79 But today there are blood tests, tests of stool specimens 00:09:56.82\00:10:01.13 and more interestingly, a breath test that can diagnose 00:10:01.16\00:10:05.00 H- pylori. 00:10:05.03\00:10:06.96 With the breath test, the patient fasts overnight 00:10:06.99\00:10:10.56 and in the morning takes either a capsule, or a small beverage 00:10:10.59\00:10:14.58 of a drink that contains urea. 00:10:14.61\00:10:17.63 In the presence of urea, Helicobacter pylori emits 00:10:17.66\00:10:23.59 ammonia, after the person has taken the beverage and waits 00:10:23.62\00:10:27.44 a period of time they will blow into a little balloon, 00:10:27.47\00:10:30.71 the balloon is sent to the lab, where they will test 00:10:30.74\00:10:33.44 for the presence of ammonia, and if ammonia is present, 00:10:33.47\00:10:37.07 the test is positive or H-pylori. 00:10:37.10\00:10:40.48 How do we get rid of it? 00:10:40.51\00:10:43.43 That's one of the difficult questions, and to understand 00:10:43.46\00:10:46.82 the three main aspects of treating an ulcer 00:10:46.85\00:10:50.67 caused by H-pylori, it's helpful to look again 00:10:50.70\00:10:53.74 at the anatomy, a close up view now of the wall 00:10:53.77\00:10:56.91 of the stomach. 00:10:56.94\00:10:57.96 When we look at the wall of the stomach 00:10:57.99\00:11:00.49 represented by this little line here, you will notice 00:11:00.52\00:11:04.54 that our stomach is normally covered by a mucous lining 00:11:04.57\00:11:08.76 it's protective. 00:11:08.79\00:11:10.53 Inside the stomach, we have hydrochloric acid, 00:11:10.56\00:11:13.98 and other digestive juices which are very strong 00:11:14.01\00:11:17.05 behind this mucous lining the wall of the stomach is 00:11:17.08\00:11:20.63 protected. 00:11:20.66\00:11:21.63 One enzyme of particular note is pepsinogen, 00:11:21.64\00:11:26.00 this is the enzyme that breaks down proteins 00:11:26.03\00:11:29.17 when it is secreted from the cells from the gastric wall 00:11:29.20\00:11:33.21 it is perfectly safe to this muscular structure, 00:11:33.24\00:11:37.63 it does nothing to damage it, 00:11:37.66\00:11:39.41 as it passes beyond this mucous barrier, and comes in contact 00:11:39.44\00:11:45.44 with hydrochloric acid, it's converted into pepsin, 00:11:45.47\00:11:48.86 the enzyme that breaks down protein. 00:11:48.89\00:11:51.95 Our stomach wall is made of protein, the action of H pylori 00:11:51.98\00:11:58.39 is to destroy this mucous barrier, to prevent the stomach 00:11:58.42\00:12:02.81 from having that, so pepsin works directly on the stomach 00:12:02.84\00:12:08.68 to begin digesting it, causing erosion, pain, and 00:12:08.71\00:12:13.41 a great discomfort for the person who has 00:12:13.44\00:12:15.70 suffered with an ulcer. 00:12:16.32\00:12:17.29 Treatment involves three things: eliminating the H pylori 00:12:17.30\00:12:22.79 helping to heal the ulcer that has developed, 00:12:22.82\00:12:25.80 and replacing, providing a alternative mucous barrier 00:12:25.83\00:12:29.65 to protect that area as it heals. 00:12:29.68\00:12:31.75 The New England Journal of Medicine published 00:12:31.78\00:12:34.73 an interesting report about an herb, it's actually a resin 00:12:34.76\00:12:38.01 from a Mediterranean tree, particularly grown in Greece 00:12:38.04\00:12:42.69 called "mastic gum," they gave patients with 00:12:42.72\00:12:47.20 Helicobacter pylori infections a gram of mastic gum 00:12:47.23\00:12:51.73 every day for two weeks, 80% of the patients reported 00:12:51.76\00:12:56.11 improvement in their symptoms and by taking a look 00:12:56.14\00:13:00.13 through a camera, at their stomachs, 70% showed improvement 00:13:00.16\00:13:05.63 in the size and depth of their ulcers. 00:13:05.66\00:13:08.65 It was recommended by the researchers of this group 00:13:08.68\00:13:12.44 and others, if you have a H pylori infection 00:13:12.47\00:13:16.33 take one gram of mastic gum every day for four weeks 00:13:16.36\00:13:21.36 and then you can use a maintenance dose of 500 mg 00:13:21.39\00:13:25.50 a day to eradicate the H pylori bacteria itself. 00:13:25.53\00:13:30.59 Another herb that has shown promise, in eliminating H pylori 00:13:30.62\00:13:34.96 is red Ginseng, and the two very common antibiotic herbs 00:13:34.99\00:13:41.24 Echinacea and Golden Seal in combination, 00:13:41.27\00:13:44.28 they also prove beneficial in eliminating H pylori bacteria. 00:13:44.31\00:13:48.42 To replace the mucous lining that protects the ulcer 00:13:48.45\00:13:54.06 as it's healing and as the H pylori is being killed. 00:13:54.09\00:13:58.03 Aloe Vera juice which we mentioned for G.E.R.D. 00:13:58.06\00:14:01.52 taking two ounces of Aloe Vera juice before each meal, 00:14:01.55\00:14:05.73 at bedtime, and really any time there is discomfort, 00:14:05.76\00:14:09.21 can help put a coating over the stomach wall 00:14:09.24\00:14:12.34 to bring relief. 00:14:12.37\00:14:13.78 Slippery Elm is another herb that has a mucilage property 00:14:13.81\00:14:18.30 that can help protect that area, and to heal the ulcer 00:14:18.33\00:14:22.55 itself interestingly cabbage juice is incredibly beneficial, 00:14:22.58\00:14:28.08 eating raw cabbage or taking cabbage juice was shown to 00:14:28.11\00:14:32.37 help bring healing. 00:14:32.40\00:14:34.22 Sixty two patients were given a liter of cabbage juice a day 00:14:34.25\00:14:38.31 divided in doses over the course of the day 00:14:38.34\00:14:40.77 and showed healing in a little over seven days. 00:14:40.80\00:14:44.68 When compared with patients on conventional 00:14:44.71\00:14:47.40 ulcer medications, healing didn't occur until 00:14:48.22\00:14:50.69 after forty days, so cabbage juice is a wonderful 00:14:50.72\00:14:53.68 healing agent for ulcers. 00:14:53.71\00:14:56.54 Some other things to consider would be to avoid any foods 00:14:56.57\00:15:00.91 that will irritate the area, such as high fat foods, 00:15:00.94\00:15:04.04 spicy and irritating foods, even sugar can contribute 00:15:04.07\00:15:09.27 to the ongoing erosion and pain of the ulcer. 00:15:09.30\00:15:13.53 Taking a two meal plan will show less pepsin 00:15:13.56\00:15:18.36 in the stomach, less pepsin will mean there is less 00:15:18.39\00:15:21.14 opportunity for that ulcer area to have further damage 00:15:21.17\00:15:25.13 so eating in frequently, eating simple meals 00:15:25.16\00:15:28.69 these are things that can benefit, make sure that you 00:15:28.72\00:15:31.95 drink plenty of water, and avoid snacking at all costs. 00:15:31.98\00:15:37.15 Even a small snack between meals will bring pepsin 00:15:37.18\00:15:41.03 to the stomach, and the opportunity to further damage 00:15:41.06\00:15:44.17 that area. 00:15:44.20\00:15:45.59 Dr. Thrash, I'm sure you have worked with patients 00:15:45.62\00:15:49.17 with all types of abdominal disorders. 00:15:49.20\00:15:51.32 - Yes I have, and let's just review those things 00:15:51.35\00:15:54.72 that can be used to heal a peptic ulcer, because 00:15:54.75\00:15:58.33 most of the time we think we must have an antibiotic 00:15:58.36\00:16:02.83 but there are some anti-microbial herbs that can 00:16:02.86\00:16:06.58 can help: mastic gum is extremely good, and let's name 00:16:06.61\00:16:11.55 the others, Red Ginseng also very beneficial, Echinacea, 00:16:11.58\00:16:16.78 and Golden Seal. 00:16:16.81\00:16:18.32 Those are very helpful, and then the Aloe Vera to soothe 00:16:18.35\00:16:24.41 and coat the lining of the stomach, so that it can 00:16:24.44\00:16:28.00 heal better, sounds great. 00:16:28.03\00:16:31.43 I enjoy treating peptic ulcer now. 00:16:31.46\00:16:34.87 I remember when I was in medical school, 00:16:34.90\00:16:37.02 we knew that the treatment that the treatment that we had 00:16:37.05\00:16:40.19 for peptic ulcer was not good, but we didn't know what to do 00:16:40.22\00:16:43.93 because our understanding of it's cause was all together 00:16:43.96\00:16:47.98 wrong, but we have advanced very far in our understanding 00:16:48.01\00:16:53.60 just by getting the Helicobacter pylori identified and 00:16:53.63\00:16:59.77 to understand that it causes a large percentage 00:16:59.80\00:17:02.93 of peptic ulcers. 00:17:02.96\00:17:04.68 Now I would like to talk with you some about 00:17:04.71\00:17:07.30 this matter of digestion and it's anatomy. 00:17:07.33\00:17:11.66 Of course as an anatomist I am most thankful 00:17:11.69\00:17:16.17 that we have such wonderful charts that can help us to know 00:17:16.20\00:17:20.33 just how to understand this process of digestion 00:17:20.36\00:17:25.58 and you might think that digestion begins down here 00:17:25.61\00:17:29.23 in the abdomen some where, but not so. 00:17:29.26\00:17:31.34 It begins with the chewing process, and notice this 00:17:31.37\00:17:34.64 wonderful structure called the tooth, it has a little bit 00:17:34.67\00:17:38.48 of bone here to support it and probably if you and I 00:17:38.51\00:17:41.92 had made the teeth, we would probably have just made 00:17:41.95\00:17:44.66 one straight line of tooth right here and just had 00:17:44.69\00:17:47.92 one tooth, but out wonderful divine designer 00:17:47.95\00:17:51.20 who knows all about physiology and physics, gave us individual 00:17:51.23\00:17:55.85 teeth, each supported by a little bit of bone, 00:17:55.88\00:17:58.62 and put in a socket like this. 00:17:58.65\00:18:01.48 Notice the various parts, the beautiful enamel, 00:18:01.51\00:18:04.93 the gum which we can see, the dentin, the pulp, 00:18:04.96\00:18:09.23 and of course this portion right here, being the part 00:18:09.26\00:18:14.24 that comes in contact with the little bone the cementum 00:18:14.27\00:18:18.56 here and the gum here. 00:18:18.59\00:18:19.98 Now that's the tooth, why do we need such an elaborate 00:18:20.01\00:18:26.14 tooth to keep our understanding of this matter of the first part 00:18:26.17\00:18:33.54 of digestion, indeed it is chewing. 00:18:33.57\00:18:36.14 We need to chew so that we can break the food particles 00:18:36.17\00:18:40.81 into smaller pieces, so that digestion can be complete. 00:18:40.84\00:18:45.05 Is there some reason why digestion needs to be complete? 00:18:45.08\00:18:49.83 Or could we tolerate just a little bit of incomplete 00:18:49.86\00:18:54.13 digestion, we're beginning to think that probably 00:18:54.16\00:18:58.05 no that we should not tolerate poor digestion 00:18:58.08\00:19:01.67 if we can avoid it, because there are certain chemicals 00:19:01.70\00:19:05.99 that are produced, possibly because of poor digestion 00:19:06.02\00:19:09.21 that can cause us to have serious Neurologic and muscular 00:19:09.24\00:19:14.90 and bone problems. 00:19:14.93\00:19:17.37 Such things as Alzheimer's, a little substance called Amyloid 00:19:17.40\00:19:22.51 is deposited in the Neurologic tissue of the brain, 00:19:22.54\00:19:27.52 where does it come from, possibly from poor digestion. 00:19:27.55\00:19:32.49 Now I would like to show you a very nice chart, 00:19:32.53\00:19:36.13 which I think will make it much clearer 00:19:36.17\00:19:39.05 what I'm going to be talking to you about. 00:19:39.08\00:19:41.94 Here is the esophagus, a lot of things can happen 00:19:41.97\00:19:45.01 to the esophagus from the Barrettes esophagus, 00:19:45.04\00:19:48.05 which is a dilation and inflammation, even an 00:19:48.08\00:19:51.99 adenocarcinoma of the esophagus although adenomas of the... 00:19:52.02\00:19:56.61 adenocarcinomas of the esophagus are very rare 00:19:56.64\00:20:00.55 among us who do not use heavy spices, 00:20:00.58\00:20:04.05 but those who use a lot of very hot spices, 00:20:04.08\00:20:07.21 they tend to get more cancer of the esophagus 00:20:07.24\00:20:10.82 than others. 00:20:10.85\00:20:12.02 What kind of hot spices, well such things as: 00:20:12.05\00:20:15.48 cayenne pepper, black pepper, other very hot spices 00:20:15.51\00:20:19.54 that are common in some cultures, and it's interesting 00:20:19.57\00:20:22.27 that in those cultures where spices are the most frequently 00:20:22.30\00:20:26.70 used and the greatest use of them, then carcinoma 00:20:26.73\00:20:30.38 of the esophagus is indeed more common than other places 00:20:30.41\00:20:34.19 in the world. 00:20:34.22\00:20:35.19 For people who drink alcohol and get cirrhosis of the liver 00:20:35.20\00:20:39.59 they may get Varicose veins of the lower end of the esophagus 00:20:39.62\00:20:44.70 and here you can see them dilated. 00:20:44.73\00:20:46.55 Because of the constant flow of food into the stomach 00:20:46.58\00:20:51.45 as food goes past the esophagus if there are varices 00:20:51.48\00:20:57.46 here, then they can ulcerate and a major hemorrhage 00:20:57.49\00:21:02.74 can occur, and this is one of the common causes 00:21:02.77\00:21:05.51 of death in people who have severe cirrhosis. 00:21:05.54\00:21:08.85 Here is the stomach from an adenocarcinoma to an ulcer 00:21:08.88\00:21:14.47 to gastritis, and a variety of other afflictions of the stomach 00:21:14.50\00:21:20.70 many of them caused by our poor lifestyle. 00:21:20.73\00:21:24.39 Here is the duodenum and there is an ulcer, now 00:21:24.42\00:21:29.02 from what we have just learned from Rhonda 00:21:29.05\00:21:31.39 we will remember that H- pylori which is a bacteria 00:21:31.42\00:21:35.16 this germ can cause an ulceration either in the 00:21:35.19\00:21:40.56 stomach such as here, or here or in the duodenum. 00:21:40.59\00:21:45.34 If they ulcerate through then they can cause 00:21:45.37\00:21:49.25 a major hemorrhage, now notice that the pancreas 00:21:49.28\00:21:53.12 is just beneath the stomach, in this area. 00:21:53.15\00:21:56.60 If a peptic ulcer in the duodenum ulcerates 00:21:56.63\00:22:00.70 all the way through the duodenum, it can ulcerate 00:22:00.73\00:22:03.61 into the pancreas. 00:22:03.64\00:22:05.19 The pancreas has very heavy duty enzymes which assist us 00:22:05.22\00:22:06.19 with digestion, and these very heavy duty enzymes 00:22:06.22\00:22:14.27 then begin to soften and digest the pancreas itself 00:22:14.30\00:22:19.16 and we can get a really florid type of pancreatitis, 00:22:19.19\00:22:24.99 acute pancreatitis is a life threatening disease. 00:22:25.02\00:22:28.45 A ruptured peptic ulcer is also a life threatening disease 00:22:28.48\00:22:33.43 and that lifestyle is an important part of this 00:22:33.46\00:22:37.86 whole process of ruptured peptic ulcers, 00:22:37.89\00:22:43.08 or even the development of peptic ulcers, 00:22:43.11\00:22:45.25 all of this indeed is very much associated with our lifestyle. 00:22:45.28\00:22:51.54 Now back to the chart, the pancreas located here 00:22:51.57\00:22:56.70 can have acute pancreatitis or we can get adenocarcinoma, 00:22:56.73\00:23:02.71 of the pancreas. 00:23:02.74\00:23:04.04 This seems to be an hereditary type of cancer, much more common 00:23:04.08\00:23:10.33 in certain families, not to say that everybody who has a 00:23:10.36\00:23:15.01 carcinoma or a cancer of the pancreas will have relatives 00:23:15.04\00:23:20.04 that have that, but that certainly can be. 00:23:20.07\00:23:22.57 Now let's go to the colon, the colon is subject to 00:23:22.60\00:23:27.63 quite a lot of problems, here are polyps, 00:23:27.66\00:23:31.86 and if you notice carefully you can see that some of these 00:23:31.89\00:23:35.54 hang by a little pedicle, we can with a scope, 00:23:35.57\00:23:41.12 simply snare one of these polyps and remove them. 00:23:41.15\00:23:45.98 If they don't have a pedicle, then they are a little harder 00:23:46.01\00:23:48.72 to snare, but can still be snared and a polyp can often be 00:23:48.75\00:23:54.26 just removed through a scope. 00:23:54.29\00:23:56.72 If it progresses really far, then we may have a cancer 00:23:56.75\00:24:02.48 to occur in the colon, such as we have here, 00:24:02.51\00:24:07.28 so that the polyp goes from being a benign polyp, 00:24:07.31\00:24:11.84 to being a cancer, and here we have a cancer which we call 00:24:11.87\00:24:16.21 an annular cancer. 00:24:16.24\00:24:18.08 That means that this cancer has now become circular 00:24:18.11\00:24:23.46 so that it entirely encircles the colon and makes it so that 00:24:23.49\00:24:29.40 it cannot pass material through the colon. 00:24:29.43\00:24:33.93 Here we see diverticula of the colon, 00:24:33.96\00:24:38.20 and these diverticula are caused by the very same thing 00:24:38.23\00:24:42.18 that can cause the G.E.R.D., which we mentioned originally. 00:24:42.21\00:24:47.67 Increased intra-abdominal pressure which can come 00:24:47.70\00:24:51.91 from tight bands, from being overweight, from pregnancy 00:24:51.94\00:24:55.64 from overeating many times, that is on a habitual basis, 00:24:55.67\00:25:02.31 that overeating is your custom, 00:25:02.34\00:25:04.38 if so, that increases intra-abdominal pressure 00:25:04.41\00:25:07.82 and can cause the diverticula. 00:25:07.85\00:25:10.75 They can be most painful because as the material 00:25:10.78\00:25:15.48 gets into these little ballooned out areas, such as we see 00:25:15.51\00:25:20.50 right here, here is the interior of the colon, 00:25:20.53\00:25:24.06 and a little portion of it has opened up and ballooned out 00:25:24.09\00:25:28.16 so that there is this little diverticulum here, 00:25:28.19\00:25:31.98 and a cluster of diverticula quite common in this portion 00:25:32.01\00:25:38.82 the last part of the descending colon and the first part 00:25:38.85\00:25:43.66 of the sigmoid colon, this is a common area for diverticula 00:25:43.69\00:25:48.11 and the pain can be intense from these, so intense that 00:25:48.14\00:25:54.54 people that have these believe that for sure they have 00:25:54.57\00:25:58.55 some serious kind of digestive problem or perhaps 00:25:58.58\00:26:02.29 even a cancer of the colon, and because of the fact 00:26:02.32\00:26:06.25 that periodically they become irritated. 00:26:06.28\00:26:10.11 These individuals may feel that the serious problems 00:26:10.14\00:26:15.10 inside the abdomen will probably result in their death. 00:26:15.13\00:26:18.56 An interesting thing is that our use of a very simple diet 00:26:18.59\00:26:26.28 high in fiber, can go far toward eliminating the pain 00:26:26.31\00:26:31.11 that we have from these diverticula which are these 00:26:31.14\00:26:35.38 dilated portions in the wall of the colon. 00:26:35.41\00:26:39.60 Now as we find that these simple things such as a very 00:26:39.63\00:26:43.71 simple diet high in fiber, that this very simple 00:26:43.74\00:26:48.75 addition to your lifestyle that this can alleviate 00:26:48.78\00:26:51.96 a lot of the symptoms that occur in the stomach, 00:26:53.37\00:26:54.80 a lot of those that occur in the colon, 00:26:54.83\00:26:57.14 we can be thankful, thankful that our 00:26:57.17\00:26:59.61 Heavenly Father designed us, put us in a beautiful garden, 00:26:59.64\00:27:04.17 a garden that grew vegetables, and fruits, and nuts, and seeds, 00:27:04.20\00:27:10.51 and He prescribed this for man's maintenance, 00:27:10.54\00:27:16.67 his good health, and as we see that disease that has 00:27:16.70\00:27:20.72 already developed in this sinful world that we live in 00:27:20.75\00:27:24.41 even disease that has already developed, we can do a lot 00:27:24.44\00:27:29.13 to assuage this kind of disease as well. 00:27:29.16\00:27:32.94 So my encouragement to you is to learn the appropriate 00:27:32.97\00:27:37.53 lifestyle which includes eating, proper chewing, 00:27:37.56\00:27:42.42 proper selection of our food, and the proper understanding 00:27:42.45\00:27:46.16 of this whole process that we can do so much to take care of. 00:27:46.19\00:27:52.70 May the Lord Bless you and give you good digestion. 00:27:52.73\00:27:53.70