Music...
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Welcome to our Program today.
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Our topic today is
going to be Vitamin B12...
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Vitamin B12 is the
largest of all the vitamins...
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absolutely essential for life
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and Vitamin B12 is
not made in the human body
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and so, we must obtain it
from other sources in our diet
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and today we're going to
look at some of the fascinating
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Biology, Chemistry and Science
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and medicine around
Vitamin B12 metabolism
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and it's my prayer that as we
look at all of this information,
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as we look at the light that
God has shed upon this topic,
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that we will be
enlightened and wise
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with the wisdom
that He would give us
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that we may make the
best use of our bodies...
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our lives... as we go forward
to the issues of the last days.
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So, we'll begin here
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and I'm going to begin...
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I want our
objective to be really clear
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and so, I'm going
to move ahead here
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and we're going to start off
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and I'm going to put up here...
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pause...
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there we are.
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We're going to start with the
very last slide in the lecture.
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So, this is our final concluding
slide of the lecture...
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I want the
objective to be clear.
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If you're
someone who takes notes,
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here's... here's the
notes you want to take
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for the lecture right here.
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We're going to
conclude with the recommendation
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of taking
Vitamin B12 supplements
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in the form of
Methylcobalamin...
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it comes in different forms...
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this large molecule has
different groups attached to it
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we'll talk about...
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but of all the
different forms out there,
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Methylcobalamin is the best form
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and that's pretty
generally recognized
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in most supplements you
see on the market shelf today
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will be Methylcobalamin now
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and so you won't have
a hard time finding that.
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5,000 micrograms
is a common dose...
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5,000 micrograms is
the same as 5 milligrams
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but they all want to
seem to put it in micrograms
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and so, this is a way
you'll see it out there.
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It comes in
quick-dissolve tablets
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that dissolve in your mouth
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or that you chew
up in your mouth...
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this is very important and
we'll talk about why that is.
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These are much better than
ones that come in a capsule
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mixed up with other things that
you swallow and don't dissolve
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till they get to your stomach.
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Pause...
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Um... it's highly recommended
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if you're on a plant-based diet.
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You know in all of our lectures
and health presentations,
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we've talked about the
benefits of a plant-based diet
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but one of the disadvantages
of a plant-based diet
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is that it is not a
good source of Vitamin B12
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and so, we're
going to be recommending
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the
supplementation of Vitamin B12.
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This particular
package here comes from Costco
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for about 20 bucks here...
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you get enough to
last two or three people
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for an entire year.
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So, it's very inexpensive...
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readily available
from many distributors.
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So, let's take a closer
look here at this molecule...
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this large molecule...
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most vitamins are
small-little molecules
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that fit in various places...
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their co-factors are...
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nutrients are
used as building blocks
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but this particular
one is a gigantic molecule.
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There is a flat...
plainer ring right here
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with a Cobalt molecule right
in the very center of that.
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Cobalt has six
bonding positions on it...
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four of them are on the
perfect join with nitrogen
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here of part of this
large flat ring-like service
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and then this
has a little tail...
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the tail is attached around here
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and here the tail attaches
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right on the bottom of this.
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So, you've got the four
coming in from the sides...
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the tail reaches around
the holes of the fifth one,
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and that leaves the
last ones sticking up here.
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This is going to
be the active site...
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this is where we will attach
and dis-attach other molecules
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that can be held and
yet are held loosely enough
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that we can take
them off and use them
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in various
processes in the body.
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The empty form has
just a hydroxyl there...
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but the
Methylcobalamin which we take
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has a Methyl group right here
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but the body can
also put Adenosine
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and, you know, other
molecules here if needed
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to use them in this tool
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and they can interchange them.
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Pause...
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Vitamin B12 is
absolutely essential
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to every single
cell in your body.
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There is no cell in your body
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that can carry on
its life functions
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without a good
supply of Vitamin B12.
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No matter what cell
it is or what it's doing,
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that cell is going
to need Vitamin B12
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and Vitamin B12 is
something we call a co-factor.
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Now, you know in your body,
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there are lot of
different functional proteins
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we often refer
to these as enzymes.
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They are large protein
molecules that do various
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chemical
reactions... chemical functions
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at very high speeds
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and build whatever
it is your body needs...
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carry on whatever
energy reaction...
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whatever needs to be done
to carry on the life function
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is done by these proteins.
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Vitamin B12 is a
co-factor... it is used.
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Here you'll see a representation
of a large enzyme...
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a protein molecule
that has a certain job to do
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and right here is an active site
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where it holds on to and
takes a vitamin B12 molecule.
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If you think of
it like a mechanic...
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this is a mechanic
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but he needs a certain
tool to do the particular job
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that he's assigned on the
assembly line that he's on
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and in many cases
with Vitamin B12...
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that is adding a Methyl
group to some other molecule
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that's being built
in this assembly line
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and so, to do it,
he needs a Vitamin B12
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a one... the Methylcobalamin
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that's got a
Methyl group right here...
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he will grab that here
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and then he will use
that to stick a Methyl group
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onto another
molecule that is being built
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or used there
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and then he will drop
the tool, pick up another one
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and use it for the next molecule
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as they keep going
by the assembly line
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and they can do this very
rapidly in nano-second speed.
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The B12 that's
dropped off here now
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can actually be recycled
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and we can stick another
Methyl group on it use it again
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but we need an
ongoing supply of these
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for many different
functions in the body.
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That's the tool
the mechanic uses
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and it has to keep being
loaded up with the Methyl's
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and use it to stick them
on to the various molecules
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that are being built
or changed or modified
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in various ways there.
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One of the very important
places where it is used
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is DNA synthesis and regulation.
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The code of life...
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the code that has the
pattern for building everything
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we need to replicate this
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and every time a cell divides
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and we need a large amount
of Vitamin B12 to do this.
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Red blood cells...
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during the time of
this lecture right now,
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we will build in your body
millions of red blood cells
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Every one of
those in its division
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must uncoil the DNA...
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make a duplicate copy of it...
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coil it back up
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divide in into two
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and then we get a cell division
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and we're doing this millions
of times over the next hour
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just to make the red blood
cells that you need to make
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in the next hour
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and all cell growth in your body
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whether you're
dividing liver cells
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or microbial cells
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or whatever cells it is,
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we need to have the Vitamin B12
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to manage the DNA
division there in those cells
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so, absolutely essential there.
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Here's a picture...
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here you can see of
the red blood cells...
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these are normal
healthy red blood cells
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here the little
bi-concave shape...
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there's lots of them in
there filling your blood.
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We need the B12 to make that.
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This picture is
a picture of the...
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something called
Megaloblastic Anemia
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it's part of Pernicious Anemia.
00:10:05.67\00:10:08.20
This is a Vitamin B12 deficiency
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and you'll notice
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instead of all being the
same little perfect shapes,
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there are some enlarged ones
that are not the right shape
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and overall there is
much fewer being made.
00:10:18.91\00:10:22.02
It's an Anemia...
there's not nearly enough around
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and because of their
shape differences and stuff,
00:10:24.89\00:10:27.66
they're not
carrying oxygen properly
00:10:27.69\00:10:30.59
and so, we have this
condition right here...
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one of the early signs
that the body does not have
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enough B12...
we're becoming anemic
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and this Megaloblastic
Anemia is the finding there
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that gives us a clue
that something is wrong.
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In the Nervous System,
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the neurons which send through
the electrical impulses...
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sensations come in...
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motor things come out.
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Through these neurons,
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we carry on the various
electrical circuits for thought.
00:11:03.63\00:11:07.43
Everything we think...
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our emotions... our
feelings... our logic...
00:11:09.36\00:11:12.17
planning...
00:11:12.20\00:11:13.54
the delicate nerves of the mind
00:11:13.57\00:11:17.34
are the only channel through
which God communicates with man.
00:11:17.37\00:11:20.54
We need these working properly
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and so, as they
travel along here,
00:11:23.35\00:11:25.98
they have the
special coating here...
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it's called a Myelin Sheath.
00:11:27.55\00:11:29.05
There are special
cells in the brain...
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the legal Dendron stripes...
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they reach out and they
actually wrap this membrane...
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you can see it right here...
00:11:36.36\00:11:37.69
this is a neuron going
through the center right here
00:11:37.73\00:11:40.63
like we took a
cross section right here
00:11:40.70\00:11:42.56
so, if we take a
cross section there,
00:11:42.63\00:11:44.70
we've got these
layers of membrane
00:11:44.73\00:11:46.77
just wrapped around there
00:11:46.80\00:11:48.24
and because of this insulating
protecting... supporting
00:11:48.27\00:11:52.54
on this right here...
the electrical impulse
00:11:52.57\00:11:55.01
instead of
traveling at the normal speed
00:11:55.04\00:11:57.38
like it would down one of these
little short branches here,
00:11:57.41\00:12:01.05
it travels at high speed
jumping from node to node
00:12:01.08\00:12:04.65
and because of the
high-speed transmission
00:12:04.69\00:12:07.29
made possible by
the Myelin Sheath,
00:12:07.32\00:12:09.72
ordinary thought is possible.
00:12:09.76\00:12:13.13
If we start to
lose the Myelin Sheath,
00:12:13.16\00:12:16.03
it will slow down these neurons,
00:12:16.06\00:12:18.10
we start losing memory...
00:12:18.13\00:12:21.30
confusion...
00:12:21.34\00:12:22.70
and as the circuits can't
travel at the right speed,
00:12:22.74\00:12:26.04
eventually a Dementia settles in
00:12:26.07\00:12:28.84
and eventually a death.
00:12:28.88\00:12:30.81
We must have
well-Myelinated neurons
00:12:30.85\00:12:34.25
for clear accurate thought
00:12:34.28\00:12:36.65
and so, Vitamin B12
is absolutely essential
00:12:36.69\00:12:43.19
in the forming of this
Myelin Sheath around here
00:12:43.22\00:12:48.13
so, we'll find one of the
signs of Vitamin B12 deficiency
00:12:48.16\00:12:55.30
are various degrees
of neurodegeneration,
00:12:55.34\00:12:58.67
emotional and
functional and cognitive decline
00:12:58.71\00:13:04.25
become part of that
00:13:04.28\00:13:05.61
and unfortunately it
seems the cognitive degeneration
00:13:05.65\00:13:10.52
associated with
the B12 Deficiency
00:13:10.59\00:13:12.72
is a permanent damage...
00:13:12.75\00:13:14.76
it's not an
easily reversible one.
00:13:14.79\00:13:17.03
It's one we want to prevent
00:13:17.06\00:13:19.33
rather than try to treat after
we have created the problem.
00:13:19.36\00:13:25.57
Vitamin B12 is essential
for production of energy body...
00:13:25.63\00:13:31.81
energy in your body.
00:13:31.84\00:13:33.38
The Mitochondria's...
there's little organelles...
00:13:33.41\00:13:37.71
they've got this
little divisions right here
00:13:37.75\00:13:39.55
inside of here your fuel...
00:13:39.61\00:13:41.72
whether it's
glucose or fatty acids
00:13:41.78\00:13:45.35
or whatever we're going to be
burning for fuel at the moment
00:13:45.39\00:13:48.42
goes into here...
00:13:48.46\00:13:49.79
it's broken down in these
complex enzyme pathways here
00:13:49.82\00:13:54.26
to pull... extract all
of the energy out of it.
00:13:54.30\00:13:57.43
We need Vitamin
B12 inside of there
00:13:57.47\00:14:00.47
to help get the energy out
of the food that we're eating
00:14:00.50\00:14:05.64
and we're using.
00:14:05.67\00:14:07.01
Pause...
00:14:07.04\00:14:09.24
So, where do we get Vitamin B12?
00:14:09.28\00:14:13.21
It's necessary
for all animal life
00:14:13.25\00:14:14.82
and yet not a
single animal on our planet
00:14:14.85\00:14:18.92
is created with the enzymes
to build a Vitamin B12 molecule
00:14:18.95\00:14:25.29
and as we look
around, all of the greenery...
00:14:25.33\00:14:30.13
all of the vegetable
life whether it's the grass...
00:14:30.17\00:14:32.53
the trees... the other plants...
00:14:32.60\00:14:34.37
none of the plant
sources have the enzyme pathways
00:14:34.40\00:14:39.11
to build Vitamin B12
00:14:39.14\00:14:41.11
and so, where do we
get the Vitamin B12 if...
00:14:41.14\00:14:46.38
you know, how many of the
animals are on a vegetarian diet
00:14:46.41\00:14:50.75
like God
recommends for us as well
00:14:50.79\00:14:54.42
and there's no
Vitamin B12 in the greenery.
00:14:54.46\00:14:58.33
Where do they get
all of their Vitamin B12?
00:14:58.36\00:15:02.16
There's only one place
that you can get Vitamin B12
00:15:02.23\00:15:07.84
and that's in
Microbes... Bacteria's.
00:15:07.87\00:15:12.24
God created these Bacteria
with the enzyme pathways
00:15:12.27\00:15:16.61
and most all Bacteria's
have the enzyme pathways
00:15:16.64\00:15:20.95
to build Vitamin B12
00:15:20.98\00:15:23.55
and so, the source of
Vitamin B12 for all animal life,
00:15:23.59\00:15:29.56
comes from the various
Bacteria's in the environment
00:15:29.59\00:15:35.53
here. Pause...
00:15:35.56\00:15:37.50
So, how do we get the
Bacteria... the Vitamin B12
00:15:37.53\00:15:44.04
from the Bacteria
into the human body?
00:15:44.07\00:15:47.64
You know,
00:15:47.68\00:15:52.01
imagine some deer
that are living here,
00:15:52.05\00:15:54.58
where are they going
to get their Vitamin B12?
00:15:54.62\00:15:57.19
Well, if we look at
this meadow right here,
00:15:57.22\00:16:01.36
if you went out and examined
00:16:01.39\00:16:03.66
the top five inches
of soil in that meadow,
00:16:03.69\00:16:07.26
you would find that that
was just full of Bacteria
00:16:07.30\00:16:12.13
just teaming with life...
00:16:12.20\00:16:14.07
full of Vitamin B12 there...
00:16:14.10\00:16:15.90
and it's on the plants
and stuff as they eat it there
00:16:15.94\00:16:19.97
as the...
00:16:20.01\00:16:23.04
pause...
00:16:23.08\00:16:26.08
deer... as they
graze upon the meadow,
00:16:26.11\00:16:29.55
they're eating
that right there...
00:16:29.58\00:16:31.39
as they eat it and process it,
00:16:31.42\00:16:33.89
their fecal
droppings fall on the meadow
00:16:33.92\00:16:36.19
and, of course, this
fecal material is just full
00:16:36.22\00:16:40.00
of more fresh microbial
life... full of Vitamin B12.
00:16:40.03\00:16:43.73
As the rain comes...
00:16:43.77\00:16:45.87
as the water runs
across this meadow here,
00:16:45.90\00:16:49.00
it runs into the streams...
00:16:49.04\00:16:51.67
the steams are
full of the Bacteria
00:16:51.74\00:16:54.58
and the Vitamin B12
00:16:54.61\00:16:59.81
and so the deer and
the other creatures...
00:16:59.85\00:17:02.62
as they drink from the stream,
00:17:02.65\00:17:03.99
again are getting all of
the Vitamin B12 that they need
00:17:04.02\00:17:08.29
and so, in nature, this
doesn't seem to be a problem.
00:17:08.32\00:17:12.53
Well, can we get our
Vitamin B12 this way?
00:17:12.56\00:17:17.43
We probably could
in a perfect world...
00:17:17.47\00:17:19.73
the world's not so perfect now.
00:17:19.77\00:17:23.24
There's a lot of bad Bacteria's
and viruses and parasites
00:17:23.27\00:17:30.61
and things to be really
harmful to the human body
00:17:30.65\00:17:34.92
that are going to be found
in a contaminated water source
00:17:34.95\00:17:40.89
so, while it would
be a good source of B12,
00:17:40.96\00:17:43.93
contaminated water is not
really a good place to obtain
00:17:43.96\00:17:50.57
our Vitamin B12 today.
00:17:50.60\00:17:52.80
Pause...
00:17:52.83\00:17:55.84
So, where else?
00:17:55.87\00:17:57.21
What about the
non-vegetarian animals?
00:17:57.24\00:17:59.77
Where do they get their B12?
00:17:59.81\00:18:01.34
Well, the lion...
he can eat the deer
00:18:01.38\00:18:04.81
that drank the
contaminated water
00:18:04.85\00:18:08.22
and eat from the things
00:18:08.28\00:18:11.02
and the meat is
full of Vitamin B12...
00:18:11.05\00:18:15.56
especially the liver...
the liver stores Vitamin B12
00:18:15.59\00:18:19.23
and as the lion eats the
deer, he gets the B12 he needs.
00:18:19.29\00:18:22.86
Can we do that?
00:18:22.93\00:18:24.77
Yeah, we can go ahead
and eat the deer as well
00:18:24.80\00:18:27.90
and many of the
other creatures...
00:18:27.94\00:18:30.11
all meat sources are
good sources of Vitamin B12,
00:18:30.14\00:18:35.34
and throughout the last few
millennium here on Planet Earth,
00:18:35.38\00:18:41.52
the human race has
got its Vitamin B12
00:18:41.55\00:18:45.65
primarily from the
animal sources here.
00:18:45.69\00:18:49.42
In the last days of
this earth's history,
00:18:49.46\00:18:53.09
though we're really
seeing the tremendous amount
00:18:53.13\00:18:55.96
of disease in animals
00:18:56.00\00:18:57.33
and the unhealthy
aspects of an animal-based diet
00:18:57.37\00:19:01.37
and look to the
benefits of a plant-based diet
00:19:01.40\00:19:05.51
and plant-based diet...
00:19:05.54\00:19:09.18
particularly if
you wash your food
00:19:09.21\00:19:11.45
and I recommend
washing your food...
00:19:11.48\00:19:13.65
food that's not washed may
be contaminated with E. coli
00:19:13.68\00:19:18.19
that are toxic with salmonella.
00:19:18.22\00:19:20.12
There's other
parasites and eggs and worms
00:19:20.16\00:19:23.22
and things that can
be on contaminated food
00:19:23.29\00:19:26.29
and you really don't want to
00:19:26.33\00:19:28.53
bring all of these
disease sources into your body.
00:19:28.56\00:19:32.00
So, what's... what's our option?
00:19:32.03\00:19:35.14
Well, that
brings us right back to
00:19:35.17\00:19:38.21
where we said we were
going to end this lecture...
00:19:38.24\00:19:41.74
and this isn't the end...
00:19:41.78\00:19:43.11
we've got a lot more
fascinating stuff to share,
00:19:43.14\00:19:45.21
well, we come down to... today
there are readily available
00:19:45.25\00:19:50.89
simple supplementary sources
to add Vitamin B12 to our diet.
00:19:50.92\00:19:56.49
We talked about the
complexity of this...
00:19:56.52\00:20:02.46
this large molecule...
00:20:02.50\00:20:05.03
because of its
large size and complexity
00:20:05.07\00:20:08.10
is vulnerable to
destruction in the human body
00:20:08.14\00:20:11.47
and so, God has designed...
00:20:11.51\00:20:13.41
designed a
rather complex mechanism
00:20:13.44\00:20:18.25
to protect Vitamin B12
00:20:18.28\00:20:20.42
and to get it
into the human body
00:20:20.45\00:20:23.59
and it starts
right in the mouth here.
00:20:23.62\00:20:26.55
When you take in...
00:20:26.59\00:20:29.99
dissolve your Vitamin B12 tablet
00:20:30.03\00:20:34.00
in your mouth right
here and mix it with saliva,
00:20:34.03\00:20:37.63
in that saliva... there
is this special protein...
00:20:37.67\00:20:42.10
here's a diagrammatic
shape of this Transcobalamine...
00:20:42.14\00:20:46.51
it's actually a
Cobalamine transporter...
00:20:46.57\00:20:51.35
its job is to
transport Vitamin B12
00:20:51.38\00:20:54.68
and if you look at it,
00:20:54.72\00:20:56.42
they are sort of two halves
to it here that are connected...
00:20:56.45\00:20:59.42
it's like hinge...
like a little clam shell
00:20:59.45\00:21:02.66
and the Vitamin B12
goes right in the center
00:21:02.69\00:21:05.83
and when it clicks into place...
the clam shell slams shut
00:21:05.89\00:21:09.16
and you've got
this protective shell
00:21:09.20\00:21:11.30
around the Vitamin B12
00:21:11.33\00:21:13.23
so that when you
swallow this Complex now
00:21:13.27\00:21:16.91
and it goes
down into the stomach
00:21:16.94\00:21:19.24
into this tank of
concentrated hydrochloric acid
00:21:19.27\00:21:23.48
proteolytic enzymes...
00:21:23.51\00:21:24.95
that Vitamin B12 is totally safe
00:21:24.98\00:21:27.95
and protected inside
that little clam shell there.
00:21:27.98\00:21:31.22
Isn't that neat?
00:21:31.25\00:21:32.59
Pause...
00:21:32.62\00:21:34.62
When we get to the stomach,
00:21:34.66\00:21:35.99
there's a whole
'nother process going on here.
00:21:36.02\00:21:41.66
Pause...
00:21:41.70\00:21:45.27
There is another
lower protein here...
00:21:45.30\00:21:48.30
another clamshell-shaped protein
00:21:48.34\00:21:51.11
called "Intrinsic Factor"
that is made in the stomach.
00:21:51.14\00:21:54.51
If you look at the
stomach lining right here,
00:21:54.54\00:21:57.18
we can take a close-up of
this one piece right here...
00:21:57.25\00:22:00.78
you see, your stomach is lined
with these little glands...
00:22:00.82\00:22:04.35
little tubular glands
lined with secreting cells...
00:22:04.39\00:22:07.56
these are the cells that make
and secrete the concentrated
00:22:07.59\00:22:11.09
hydrochloric acid
into the stomach...
00:22:11.13\00:22:12.89
they secrete the proteolytic
enzymes into the stomach
00:22:12.93\00:22:16.36
and they also make and secrete
00:22:16.40\00:22:18.93
"Intrinsic
Factor" into the stomach.
00:22:18.97\00:22:21.30
So, say you had just
eaten the flesh of a deer
00:22:21.34\00:22:25.44
full of Vitamin B12,
00:22:25.47\00:22:27.48
when the meat hits
the stomach right here,
00:22:27.51\00:22:29.68
all of those acids and
enzymes just start tearing
00:22:29.74\00:22:32.78
and ripping it apart
00:22:32.81\00:22:34.18
and in the process,
they're releasing all the B12
00:22:34.22\00:22:37.45
in those cells...
00:22:37.49\00:22:38.82
and now this Intrinsic Factor...
00:22:38.85\00:22:41.29
immediately clams
shut... starts snapping it up
00:22:41.32\00:22:44.53
before it can be damaged
00:22:44.56\00:22:46.19
and has it protected.
00:22:46.23\00:22:47.76
So, now we've
got the Vitamin B12
00:22:47.80\00:22:51.67
that came out in the
stomach protected here...
00:22:51.70\00:22:53.84
we've got the ones that
were free in the mouth protected
00:22:53.87\00:22:57.47
and now it moves
on to the stomach...
00:22:57.51\00:22:59.94
from the stomach to the
next part of the intestine here
00:22:59.97\00:23:04.41
and at this point, the
pancreas is dumping out
00:23:04.45\00:23:10.65
powerful alkaline solutions here
00:23:10.69\00:23:13.19
to neutralize all the acid...
00:23:13.22\00:23:15.59
this job is done...
00:23:15.62\00:23:17.43
these enzymes are
degraded and destroyed
00:23:17.46\00:23:20.43
and the acid
has gotten rid of...
00:23:20.50\00:23:22.76
and a whole new set
of digestive enzymes
00:23:22.80\00:23:25.30
is released here
from the pancreas
00:23:25.33\00:23:27.17
into the small intestines
00:23:27.20\00:23:29.17
and at this point, the
ones that came in the mouth,
00:23:29.20\00:23:34.78
the little clamshell...
the Transcobalamin...
00:23:34.81\00:23:37.05
it gets dissolved away...
00:23:37.08\00:23:39.25
the little clamshell
dissolves away releasing its B12
00:23:39.28\00:23:43.18
and extra Intrinsic
Factor which was in the stomach
00:23:43.25\00:23:47.12
and didn't pick
up something here
00:23:47.16\00:23:48.72
is down here now
00:23:48.76\00:23:50.59
and it will snap that up.
00:23:50.63\00:23:52.16
So, at this point
now, all of the B12...
00:23:52.19\00:23:55.76
the ones in the mouth that was
protected through the stomach
00:23:55.80\00:23:58.53
or the ones that were protected
by Intrinsic Factor here...
00:23:58.57\00:24:01.27
now they're all picked up...
00:24:01.30\00:24:03.14
they're all snapped up
inside of the Intrinsic Factor
00:24:03.17\00:24:07.21
right here... nice
and safe right there.
00:24:07.24\00:24:09.64
The Intrinsic
Factor is really important
00:24:09.68\00:24:12.08
not only to
continue to protect it,
00:24:12.11\00:24:14.42
but the Intrinsic
Factor has special connectors
00:24:14.48\00:24:20.36
that are going to
attach to receptors
00:24:20.39\00:24:22.29
and allow us to absorb.
00:24:22.32\00:24:24.06
This is a large molecule...
00:24:24.09\00:24:25.73
it can't just pass
through a cell wall
00:24:25.79\00:24:27.96
like many smaller molecules...
00:24:28.00\00:24:29.60
it needs a
special receptor mechanism
00:24:29.63\00:24:32.57
to take it into
the cell right here
00:24:32.60\00:24:35.50
and so we have it
now all bound up here...
00:24:35.54\00:24:38.94
it's moving on down
through the small intestines
00:24:38.97\00:24:41.81
and when we get to the very last
part of the small intestines
00:24:41.84\00:24:45.41
here... the terminal ileum just
before we go into the colon,
00:24:45.48\00:24:49.02
this is where we
absorb our Vitamin B12.
00:24:49.08\00:24:53.32
It's the only place in the body
where we can actually take it
00:24:53.36\00:24:55.79
from the gut and
take it into the body
00:24:55.82\00:24:59.46
and get it into the bloodstream
00:24:59.49\00:25:00.83
so it can go to the
rest of the body there.
00:25:00.86\00:25:04.47
Pause.
00:25:04.50\00:25:07.14
Here is a picture
of the lining of our...
00:25:07.17\00:25:11.57
last part of our ileum there
00:25:11.61\00:25:14.21
where we're
going to absorb the B12
00:25:14.24\00:25:17.05
and you'll notice
these columnar cells...
00:25:17.08\00:25:19.81
there's a cell,
there's a cell...
00:25:19.85\00:25:21.48
there's a cell...
00:25:21.55\00:25:22.88
they're all
stacked up like this.
00:25:22.92\00:25:24.32
On the side facing the gut here
00:25:24.35\00:25:26.09
where our digested
food is passing by...
00:25:26.12\00:25:28.49
where we want to absorb...
00:25:28.52\00:25:29.86
there's all this
increased surface area.
00:25:29.89\00:25:31.63
At the base of all of
these little microvilli here,
00:25:31.66\00:25:35.10
there is a...
little receptors here.
00:25:35.13\00:25:40.07
These little
receptors are made with things
00:25:40.10\00:25:43.61
just to catch Intrinsic Factor
00:25:43.64\00:25:46.47
with... of course,
there's Vitamin B12 inside.
00:25:46.54\00:25:50.25
Here is a picture...
00:25:50.28\00:25:53.21
it kind of switched
colors on us here...
00:25:53.25\00:25:55.88
this green
molecule in this picture
00:25:55.95\00:25:58.52
is the Intrinsic
Factor with the B12...
00:25:58.55\00:26:01.06
it shows... it snaps
here and matches perfectly
00:26:01.09\00:26:04.79
with this special
receptor protein here
00:26:04.83\00:26:09.16
that's made just to
catch the Intrinsic Factor
00:26:09.20\00:26:13.30
and once it catches
the Intrinsic Factor,
00:26:13.34\00:26:16.24
then this whole
complex is taken into the cell
00:26:16.30\00:26:19.54
again with the Vitamin B12
carefully stored inside of it.
00:26:19.57\00:26:23.58
So, here we see
the gut wall here...
00:26:23.61\00:26:28.68
the lining near closer here...
00:26:28.72\00:26:30.05
the Intrinsic
Factor out there...
00:26:30.09\00:26:31.49
this is inside the body...
00:26:31.52\00:26:33.52
this would be like
the blood stream here
00:26:33.56\00:26:35.56
where we're going to transport
it to the rest of the body.
00:26:35.59\00:26:39.66
Here we will... we've kind of
enlarged one of the cells here
00:26:39.69\00:26:43.73
so we can see
one of these cells...
00:26:43.77\00:26:45.90
with the little
villi out here...
00:26:45.93\00:26:47.97
and now here... they
put in blue right here...
00:26:48.00\00:26:52.07
this is like
the little receptors
00:26:52.11\00:26:54.31
for the Intrinsic Factor.
00:26:54.34\00:26:56.81
Here they've got
the Intrinsic Factor
00:26:56.85\00:26:58.75
with this Vitamin
B12 in the center...
00:26:58.78\00:27:00.58
it comes down... snaps
into place right here...
00:27:00.62\00:27:03.79
once it captures that,
00:27:03.85\00:27:05.22
it is just swallowed
up... taken inside...
00:27:05.25\00:27:08.86
makes this like a little
vacuole membrane around it
00:27:08.89\00:27:12.09
and now we've got
this little sac in here
00:27:12.13\00:27:14.20
and inside
there, we've got the...
00:27:14.23\00:27:16.67
these... these are
cut off and separated
00:27:16.70\00:27:19.67
and they can actually be
recycled back out to the surface
00:27:19.70\00:27:22.64
so they can capture another one.
00:27:22.67\00:27:24.24
The Intrinsic Factor
with the Vitamin B12 in it,
00:27:24.27\00:27:29.48
this becomes a
liposome... comes in there
00:27:29.51\00:27:32.98
and it starts digesting
00:27:33.01\00:27:34.35
and it breaks up the
Intrinsic Factor now...
00:27:34.38\00:27:36.52
it's digested away
00:27:36.55\00:27:37.89
and the various amino
acids will be recycled.
00:27:37.92\00:27:40.46
The Vitamin B12 is
now inside the cell
00:27:40.49\00:27:43.46
and it's released
free inside the cell.
00:27:43.49\00:27:46.39
Of course, it can use
it for its own purposes
00:27:46.43\00:27:50.73
because it
needs some Vitamin B12
00:27:50.77\00:27:52.67
but as a gut cell,
it's job is to absorb
00:27:52.73\00:27:54.94
and pass it on to
the rest of the body
00:27:54.97\00:27:57.24
and so much of it
will be taken out here
00:27:57.27\00:27:59.47
and when the special cells...
the receptor proteins here
00:27:59.51\00:28:02.54
that will actually excrete
it out into your bloodstream
00:28:02.61\00:28:05.61
and you actually make
new transporter molecules
00:28:05.65\00:28:12.72
they're transporter...
00:28:12.75\00:28:14.09
and they're similar to
the ones in the mouth...
00:28:14.12\00:28:15.49
the little clamshells...
00:28:15.52\00:28:17.23
they will come out...
are secreted as well...
00:28:17.26\00:28:19.73
they will snap it up again
inside the little clamshell
00:28:19.76\00:28:23.16
and in this form... it is
carried through the bloodstream.
00:28:23.20\00:28:26.57
Pause...
00:28:26.60\00:28:29.90
Here we show
another cell in the body...
00:28:29.94\00:28:32.81
has little
receptors out here for it
00:28:32.84\00:28:35.61
and it can take these
transporter protein with its B12
00:28:35.64\00:28:40.02
pull it into the body...
00:28:40.05\00:28:41.52
again this little receptor can
be recycled and used again...
00:28:41.55\00:28:45.15
will digest away
the transporter protein
00:28:45.19\00:28:48.36
and we've got free
Vitamin B12 inside of here.
00:28:48.42\00:28:51.89
If this is a liver,
00:28:51.93\00:28:53.60
we can store up to five
years' worth of Vitamin B12
00:28:53.63\00:28:57.40
in the liver...
00:28:57.43\00:28:59.27
very important fact
00:28:59.30\00:29:01.07
for the times when we
may not be able to get it
00:29:01.10\00:29:06.07
so, if we have been building up
00:29:06.11\00:29:07.61
and have a
regular good supply...
00:29:07.64\00:29:09.08
if for some reason, you should
not be able to get the supply,
00:29:09.11\00:29:13.18
remember you do have reserves.
00:29:13.35\00:29:15.38
It's not a minute-by-minute
supply... it really...
00:29:15.42\00:29:18.79
you can store up to five
years' worth of Vitamin B12
00:29:18.82\00:29:22.19
in your liver
for use of the body
00:29:22.22\00:29:23.99
and remember the body tends
to recycle and use it as well.
00:29:24.03\00:29:28.23
Pause...
00:29:28.26\00:29:31.10
Dr. Castle got the
Nobel Prize back in 1934
00:29:31.13\00:29:36.97
for discovering Intrinsic Factor
00:29:37.01\00:29:39.81
and he's the one
that discovered that
00:29:39.84\00:29:41.88
and the first of our knowledge
00:29:41.91\00:29:43.24
about this complex
pathway right here.
00:29:43.28\00:29:45.78
You will find that
00:29:45.81\00:29:51.55
he had a rather unique method...
00:29:51.59\00:29:53.82
this is before much of
our modern science thinks
00:29:53.86\00:29:56.69
back in 1934
00:29:56.73\00:29:58.43
and he had these patients
with Pernicious Anemia...
00:29:58.49\00:30:01.90
this Vitamin B12 deficiency
00:30:01.96\00:30:03.97
and he would feed them liver
which was full of Vitamin B12
00:30:04.00\00:30:07.37
and it didn't help
00:30:07.44\00:30:08.77
because they weren't having...
00:30:08.80\00:30:10.21
didn't have Intrinsic Factor
00:30:10.24\00:30:11.67
but, of course, nobody even knew
there was an Intrinsic Factor
00:30:11.71\00:30:13.81
and he took...
00:30:13.84\00:30:15.44
every morning he would get
up and take about 300 grams
00:30:15.48\00:30:19.08
of beef... raw beef and eat it.
00:30:19.11\00:30:22.25
He would wait an hour for it
to start digesting really good
00:30:22.28\00:30:27.16
and then he would force himself
to regurgitate up this beef
00:30:27.19\00:30:31.99
and the... you know,
this partially-digested beef
00:30:32.03\00:30:36.40
and all the
stomach juices with it...
00:30:36.43\00:30:38.17
he then would strain it out
00:30:38.20\00:30:40.34
and get just the
liquid out of there
00:30:40.37\00:30:42.54
and then he would give
this liquid to the patients
00:30:42.57\00:30:45.91
with Pernicious Anemia to drink
00:30:45.97\00:30:47.68
along with giving them their
meal of liver that had B12 in it
00:30:47.71\00:30:52.85
and guess what?
00:30:52.88\00:30:54.22
He was able to cure the
Pernicious Anemia in all of them
00:30:54.25\00:30:57.29
with this
method which he created
00:30:57.32\00:31:00.46
showing that the stomach was
making something that we needed
00:31:00.49\00:31:04.13
to absorb the Vitamin B12
00:31:04.19\00:31:06.39
and apparently these patients
were defective in doing that.
00:31:06.46\00:31:11.27
Pause...
00:31:11.33\00:31:14.37
So, here is one of the
forms of Vitamin B12 in the body
00:31:14.40\00:31:17.97
and this particular one...
00:31:18.01\00:31:19.34
instead of putting
a Methyl group there,
00:31:19.37\00:31:21.04
it has an
Adenosine molecule here
00:31:21.08\00:31:23.65
and again it's used in one
of the functions right here.
00:31:23.68\00:31:27.45
We're going to
take just a few minutes
00:31:27.48\00:31:30.52
to look briefly at
some of the things...
00:31:30.55\00:31:33.52
the problems that go
wrong when we don't have B12...
00:31:33.56\00:31:36.62
some of the important
pathways that's needed for
00:31:36.66\00:31:39.66
what goes wrong when
we don't have the B12
00:31:39.69\00:31:42.00
for these pathways.
00:31:42.03\00:31:43.37
Something called
MMA... Methylmalonyl-CoA
00:31:43.40\00:31:47.64
this particular molecule
is a very toxic byproduct
00:31:47.67\00:31:52.24
that's leftover
when you burn fat.
00:31:52.27\00:31:55.51
Fat comes in these
long fatty acid molecules
00:31:55.54\00:31:59.31
and when you burn
fat... maybe you're fasting...
00:31:59.35\00:32:03.05
exercising a lot
00:32:03.08\00:32:05.12
and you're burning off
00:32:05.15\00:32:06.49
and you're burning up
these fatty molecules,
00:32:06.52\00:32:08.66
it chops up these
long hydrocarbon tails...
00:32:08.69\00:32:10.86
but when it gets done here,
there's a piece left over here,
00:32:10.89\00:32:13.73
we end up with this.
00:32:13.76\00:32:15.10
This is toxic... and we
really have to get rid of it
00:32:15.13\00:32:19.00
but we don't have a
normal way to get rid of it
00:32:19.03\00:32:23.00
or I should say, "We do... "
00:32:23.04\00:32:24.37
it's a way that
uses Vitamin B12.
00:32:24.41\00:32:27.44
Here you can see
this particular enzyme
00:32:27.48\00:32:31.68
whose job is to take the MMA
00:32:31.71\00:32:34.02
and convert it
into Succinyl-CoA...
00:32:34.05\00:32:37.59
it has to have this B12...
00:32:37.62\00:32:40.16
you know, the Adenosyl
version of B12 to do it
00:32:40.19\00:32:43.22
and with the B12 there,
00:32:43.26\00:32:45.03
it can take the MMA...
00:32:45.09\00:32:47.06
turn it into Succinyl-CoA.
00:32:47.10\00:32:49.33
Now, in your Mitochondria,
00:32:49.36\00:32:51.53
you may remember
studying the Krebs Cycle...
00:32:51.57\00:32:54.37
sometimes called
the Citric Acid Cycle...
00:32:54.40\00:32:57.17
this is where we take Glucose...
start breaking it down in pieces
00:32:57.21\00:33:02.31
and we go through
this circle right here...
00:33:02.34\00:33:04.31
we just keep pouring more in
00:33:04.35\00:33:06.35
and it runs through
the cycle in the process...
00:33:06.38\00:33:09.02
it's all burned up and
we end up with water...
00:33:09.05\00:33:11.65
Carbon dioxide
and lots of energy.
00:33:11.69\00:33:14.32
Well, notice, one of the
steps here is the Succcinyl-CoA
00:33:14.36\00:33:18.66
so, the Succinyl-CoA
we just made from the MMA
00:33:18.69\00:33:23.37
goes right into
here and is burned up
00:33:23.40\00:33:26.13
so, now we totally get rid
of the toxic MMA from the body
00:33:26.17\00:33:30.21
and burn it up in
the Mitochondria here
00:33:30.27\00:33:33.31
but again, one of
the important needs
00:33:33.38\00:33:36.38
for Vitamin B12 in the body...
00:33:36.41\00:33:38.25
if you don't have the
B12, this will build up...
00:33:38.28\00:33:41.18
you can actually do a blood test
00:33:41.22\00:33:42.85
and show if fat
level is increasing.
00:33:42.88\00:33:44.45
We can presume that you may
be deficient in Vitamin B12.
00:33:44.49\00:33:49.22
Homocysteine is
another toxic amino acid
00:33:49.26\00:33:56.30
that can build up in the body.
00:33:56.33\00:33:58.83
Doctors will sometimes measure
your Homocysteine level...
00:33:58.87\00:34:03.94
Homocysteine can be
toxic to the Endothelium.
00:34:03.97\00:34:11.21
That's the lining
of your blood vessels
00:34:11.25\00:34:13.62
and it starts damaging that...
we start breaking that down...
00:34:13.65\00:34:17.79
that is one of the risk
factors to Arteriosclerosis
00:34:17.82\00:34:22.52
developing the
plaques in the artery walls
00:34:22.56\00:34:26.06
and progressing to
heart attacks and stokes...
00:34:26.09\00:34:29.00
the number one cause of death
and disability in this country.
00:34:29.03\00:34:32.67
Homocysteine is one of the
bad players in that process.
00:34:32.73\00:34:37.31
Where does the
Homocysteine come?
00:34:37.37\00:34:39.94
Methionine is an
important amino acid.
00:34:39.97\00:34:44.65
You'll notice the Sulfur
groups here on both of them.
00:34:44.68\00:34:48.02
This one has a Methyl group
attached to the Sulfur group
00:34:48.05\00:34:51.35
and your body
actually uses Methionine
00:34:51.39\00:34:53.99
with a Methyl
group there to add Methyl
00:34:54.02\00:34:57.69
to many important
processes that we need
00:34:57.73\00:35:01.33
and so we'll
take the Methionine...
00:35:01.36\00:35:03.33
use it to methylate something.
00:35:03.37\00:35:05.33
When we use it to
methylate something
00:35:05.37\00:35:07.74
that takes the Methyl off of it
00:35:07.80\00:35:10.11
and we end up with Homocysteine
00:35:10.14\00:35:12.41
so in this diagram here,
you'll see the Methionine
00:35:12.44\00:35:15.44
it methylates something
that ends up as Homocysteine.
00:35:15.48\00:35:18.95
The good news is, we
can take the Homocysteine...
00:35:18.98\00:35:22.38
stick a Methyl group back on it
and make it back into Methionine
00:35:22.42\00:35:27.16
and how do we do that?
00:35:27.19\00:35:28.72
Vitamin B12...
Methylcobalamin...
00:35:28.76\00:35:32.33
it's got a Methyl
group up in the right spot
00:35:32.36\00:35:34.36
and these
particular enzymes here
00:35:34.40\00:35:37.33
can actually
take the Vitamin B12
00:35:37.37\00:35:40.30
that's been methylated...
00:35:40.34\00:35:41.67
transfer the Methyl over
here to the Homocysteine...
00:35:41.70\00:35:45.01
make it back into Methionine...
00:35:45.04\00:35:46.51
keep this Homocysteine down
to a level where it's not toxic
00:35:46.54\00:35:50.11
and supply plenty of Methionine
00:35:50.15\00:35:52.31
to continue on
the various things
00:35:52.35\00:35:54.45
that need to be
methylated in the body.
00:35:54.48\00:35:57.09
If your
Homocysteine level is elevated,
00:35:57.12\00:35:59.69
that can well be a sign
that you are not having enough
00:35:59.72\00:36:04.59
Vitamin B12 in your body.
00:36:04.63\00:36:07.70
DNA... we mentioned how
important DNA is for life.
00:36:07.76\00:36:15.30
How much DNA is in your body?
00:36:15.37\00:36:17.81
If you took every cell
and peeled the DNA out of it
00:36:17.84\00:36:21.84
and stretched it out end to end
00:36:21.91\00:36:23.51
and did that for
every cell in your body,
00:36:23.55\00:36:26.48
it would reach all the
way from Planet Earth...
00:36:26.51\00:36:30.15
93 million miles to the sun
00:36:30.19\00:36:32.95
and back again,
and back again...
00:36:32.99\00:36:35.12
and back again
00:36:35.16\00:36:36.49
three-and-a-half times
we would make that trip
00:36:36.52\00:36:38.73
just with the DNA...
00:36:38.79\00:36:40.13
this thin thread
bound together strongly
00:36:40.16\00:36:43.37
so it doesn't break
00:36:43.40\00:36:44.73
is how much DNA is
all coiled up carefully
00:36:44.77\00:36:48.14
inside of your cells.
00:36:48.17\00:36:49.50
But of course the
real challenge is,
00:36:49.54\00:36:51.64
"How do you get that much thread
00:36:51.67\00:36:53.88
stuffed in that small of a place
00:36:53.91\00:36:56.04
without making a tangled
mess that you can't untangle?
00:36:56.08\00:36:59.01
Well, God knew what He was doing
00:36:59.08\00:37:01.68
and so he designed
this DNA right here
00:37:01.72\00:37:07.29
with special little spools
00:37:07.32\00:37:10.33
and each little spool
gets it wrapped around
00:37:10.36\00:37:13.66
and each of
these little spools now
00:37:13.70\00:37:17.00
has coiled up a piece of it...
00:37:17.03\00:37:19.30
then He takes
these little spools
00:37:19.33\00:37:21.67
and coils them up into a coil
00:37:21.70\00:37:23.97
and then He
takes this coiled coil
00:37:24.01\00:37:26.14
and makes it into
these super coils here
00:37:26.17\00:37:28.31
and these super coils...
00:37:28.34\00:37:30.11
He winds up and actually
to make these probes here
00:37:30.15\00:37:34.05
so, we can take a huge
amount of this DNA thread...
00:37:34.08\00:37:37.99
all... each
little intricate coating
00:37:38.02\00:37:40.42
for certain Amino
Acids and things here...
00:37:40.46\00:37:42.66
all of that and
put it up in a form...
00:37:42.69\00:37:45.79
in this form, we
can now divide the cell
00:37:45.83\00:37:48.90
and send half of it
with each new cell there.
00:37:48.93\00:37:51.93
Every time... when
we divide two cells
00:37:51.97\00:37:55.17
to make new cells,
00:37:55.20\00:37:57.01
we've got to uncoil...
00:37:57.04\00:37:58.74
every inch of this
has got to be uncoiled
00:37:58.77\00:38:01.91
and you have to make
a duplicate copy of it
00:38:01.94\00:38:05.05
and then each of
the duplicate copies
00:38:05.08\00:38:07.05
has to be
individually coiled up.
00:38:07.08\00:38:08.95
So, these little coiling
process is absolutely essential
00:38:08.98\00:38:14.19
for carrying on
the function of life.
00:38:14.22\00:38:17.23
Here is a
closer look at those...
00:38:17.26\00:38:19.63
some of those
little coils here...
00:38:19.66\00:38:22.03
there's little
spools that winded up.
00:38:22.06\00:38:24.30
Here you can see
one of them right here,
00:38:24.33\00:38:26.50
it's actually several
pieces that come together...
00:38:26.53\00:38:28.60
here you can see a
little coil of the DNA...
00:38:28.64\00:38:31.14
just written... this little
tube around it right here,
00:38:31.17\00:38:33.91
and you'll notice,
00:38:33.94\00:38:35.54
each of these little sub
units that makes up this spool,
00:38:35.58\00:38:41.08
has little tails
coming out of it...
00:38:41.12\00:38:43.45
little Amino Acid tails...
00:38:43.49\00:38:45.25
these are all protein structures
00:38:45.29\00:38:47.49
and these
little amino acid tails
00:38:47.52\00:38:49.66
have places where you
can stick on other groups
00:38:49.69\00:38:53.73
and you can take...
00:38:53.76\00:38:55.66
and you can
Methylate some of these...
00:38:55.70\00:38:57.97
certain sites on there...
00:38:58.00\00:38:59.33
and as you
Methylate certain sites,
00:38:59.37\00:39:01.10
these little
tails are like switches
00:39:01.14\00:39:04.11
and so it turns on
the coiling mechanism
00:39:04.14\00:39:07.18
and causes it to
coil up its piece of DNA.
00:39:07.24\00:39:10.25
You can take the
Methyl groups off
00:39:10.28\00:39:13.92
and put sealed groups on it
00:39:13.95\00:39:16.22
and it actually
makes it uncoil the DNA
00:39:16.25\00:39:18.89
and takes the DNA off of it.
00:39:18.92\00:39:20.49
So, this is how you
just make it coil and uncoil.
00:39:20.52\00:39:24.59
Well, if all the coiling
and uncoiling that's going on
00:39:24.63\00:39:28.56
to duplicate every
time you divide a cell,
00:39:28.60\00:39:32.37
you see how much Vitamin B12...
00:39:32.40\00:39:34.94
because we need Vitamin B12
for all of this Methylation here
00:39:34.97\00:39:38.44
is Vitamin B12 dependent.
00:39:38.47\00:39:41.08
So, to coil up your DNA
every time you've unwound it
00:39:41.11\00:39:45.25
needs a good
supply of Vitamin B12
00:39:45.28\00:39:48.95
and, of course, just to
keep the right parts of it
00:39:48.98\00:39:51.35
coiled and uncoiled there.
00:39:51.39\00:39:54.69
Pause...
00:39:54.72\00:39:57.86
Quick look at
Pernicious Anemia...
00:39:57.89\00:40:00.70
the name for the complex
set of symptoms that's caused by
00:40:00.73\00:40:04.47
Vitamin B12 deficiency.
00:40:04.50\00:40:06.30
We talked about the
Megaloblastic Anemia here
00:40:06.33\00:40:09.94
where we can't
make enough blood cells
00:40:09.97\00:40:12.71
of the right shape and size.
00:40:12.74\00:40:14.28
We talked about
the loss of energy...
00:40:14.31\00:40:17.58
tissues... they
often get a red tongue
00:40:17.61\00:40:20.62
with cracks and
stuff as it goes along...
00:40:20.65\00:40:23.59
and because of the effect
of the myelination process,
00:40:23.65\00:40:27.06
we're going to see the various
cognitive effects of it there.
00:40:27.09\00:40:33.29
Just a quick look at
some of these symptoms...
00:40:33.33\00:40:37.67
you'll notice
they're fairly often...
00:40:37.73\00:40:40.37
they generalize symptoms
that could be attributed
00:40:40.40\00:40:44.41
to a lot of different things
00:40:44.44\00:40:45.91
and not everybody
gets every symptom...
00:40:45.94\00:40:48.28
you might get two or
three symptoms there...
00:40:48.31\00:40:50.01
a couple here...
00:40:50.05\00:40:51.48
and it wouldn't be
till extremely late stages
00:40:51.51\00:40:53.95
that you would be
getting most of those...
00:40:53.98\00:40:56.72
brain fog... fatigue...
00:40:56.75\00:40:58.59
memory loss... anxiety...
00:40:58.62\00:41:00.42
difficulty concentrating...
00:41:00.46\00:41:02.19
depression... paranoia...
irritability... dizziness...
00:41:02.22\00:41:05.49
numbness and tingling
of the hands and feet...
00:41:05.56\00:41:08.26
difficulty balance...
00:41:08.30\00:41:09.90
decreased motor skills...
00:41:09.93\00:41:11.47
gait disturbances...
00:41:11.53\00:41:12.87
that sore burning red tongue...
00:41:12.90\00:41:14.97
eye twitches... muscle spasms...
00:41:15.00\00:41:17.14
muscle weakness...
00:41:17.21\00:41:18.71
vision problems...
00:41:18.74\00:41:20.08
shortness of breath...
00:41:20.11\00:41:21.54
irregular heartbeat...
00:41:21.61\00:41:23.08
diarrhea.
00:41:23.14\00:41:24.91
Pause...
00:41:24.95\00:41:26.72
Those are the types of symptoms.
00:41:26.75\00:41:28.28
They're often a very
slow and gradual onset
00:41:28.32\00:41:33.49
and not frequently noticed.
00:41:33.52\00:41:38.79
You attribute... "Well,
we're just getting older... "
00:41:38.83\00:41:42.46
"Yeah, I'm just more tired,
it's part of my aging... "
00:41:42.53\00:41:46.13
and don't really
attribute it to that.
00:41:46.20\00:41:50.01
Often, they're diagnosed as
some Psychiatric disorder...
00:41:50.04\00:41:55.88
the fatigue... memory loss...
00:41:55.91\00:41:57.68
anxiety...
depression... paranoia...
00:41:57.71\00:41:59.65
there can be aggressiveness...
00:41:59.71\00:42:01.05
hallucinations...
00:42:01.08\00:42:02.55
there can be...
00:42:02.58\00:42:04.09
and they'll prescribed
various Psychiatric drugs
00:42:04.12\00:42:06.45
without finding
out what it is there.
00:42:06.49\00:42:09.82
Two groups of vegans
that are at particular risk...
00:42:09.86\00:42:16.63
long-term vegetarians
who avoid supplements.
00:42:16.67\00:42:21.44
There's a lot of
alternative ideas about that...
00:42:21.47\00:42:25.24
the bottom line is they
don't pan out very well...
00:42:25.27\00:42:29.01
breast-fed
infants of vegan mothers
00:42:29.04\00:42:34.48
who have a low B12 intake.
00:42:34.52\00:42:36.32
The developing human
brain is very, very dependent
00:42:36.38\00:42:41.06
upon Vitamin B12.
00:42:41.12\00:42:43.22
If you can think of all the
cell division that has to go on
00:42:43.26\00:42:46.33
in a growing-developing brain
00:42:46.36\00:42:48.26
as well as every
other organ of the body,
00:42:48.30\00:42:52.00
the absolute essentialness
of B12 in the breast milk
00:42:52.03\00:42:57.37
from the mother
having adequate B12
00:42:57.41\00:43:00.48
is absolutely essential there.
00:43:00.51\00:43:03.51
Pause...
00:43:03.55\00:43:07.12
Medical literature unfortunately
is full of case studies
00:43:07.15\00:43:10.55
of vegans of all ages...
infants, children, adults
00:43:10.59\00:43:13.96
and elderly who have
sustained serious bodily damage
00:43:13.99\00:43:17.36
from B12 deficiencies.
00:43:17.39\00:43:19.09
It's not
something we can ignore...
00:43:19.13\00:43:24.67
it's something that
we want to be aware of...
00:43:24.70\00:43:28.04
plan ahead and
be able to prevent
00:43:28.07\00:43:33.48
and like I mentioned...
we want to prevent it
00:43:33.54\00:43:36.11
because many of the effects,
particularly the cognitive...
00:43:36.14\00:43:40.05
the brain changes
appear to be permanent.
00:43:40.08\00:43:43.49
In other words, coming back
and giving B12 after the fact
00:43:43.52\00:43:46.72
might stop it from getting worse
00:43:46.76\00:43:48.89
but won't undo the
damage that was done.
00:43:48.92\00:43:52.43
Pause...
00:43:52.46\00:43:54.90
Many long-term
vegans who do not supplement
00:43:54.93\00:43:57.37
appear to suffer no ill effects
00:43:57.40\00:43:59.60
by actually having
elevated Homocysteine level
00:43:59.63\00:44:02.84
or some very subtle
neurologic dysfunction
00:44:02.87\00:44:06.07
that they're not aware of.
00:44:06.11\00:44:07.74
These are very
slow... gradual...
00:44:07.78\00:44:10.05
remember the liver is storing
00:44:10.08\00:44:12.31
maybe up to five
years of Vitamin B12 there
00:44:12.35\00:44:15.68
and as it
gradually depletes over time,
00:44:15.75\00:44:19.05
there can be very mild,
gradual symptoms right there.
00:44:19.09\00:44:23.43
We don't have to live in
confusion about that though
00:44:23.46\00:44:27.76
blood tests can give
us a very clear picture
00:44:27.80\00:44:32.07
of where you are
at with your B12.
00:44:32.10\00:44:34.40
If you're taking
notes, this is the one...
00:44:34.44\00:44:37.47
2nd page I would
take notes on here
00:44:37.51\00:44:39.81
these are the what I could call,
00:44:39.84\00:44:42.14
"The comfortable levels. "
00:44:42.18\00:44:44.55
These are
levels... if you do a...
00:44:44.58\00:44:46.92
and Vitamin B12
level is readily done...
00:44:46.95\00:44:48.95
any doctor can do it...
they run it in all the Labs...
00:44:48.98\00:44:51.49
your doctor
should be checking it
00:44:51.52\00:44:53.29
if she knows
you're a vegetarian.
00:44:53.32\00:44:56.12
It should be greater than 500...
00:44:56.16\00:44:59.33
B12 greater than 500 is good.
00:44:59.39\00:45:02.23
Homocysteine... most
doctors are now including
00:45:02.26\00:45:06.53
Homocysteine levels when
they do a complete physical
00:45:06.57\00:45:09.67
and work-up there...
00:45:09.70\00:45:11.04
it's one of the major
risk factors for heart disease
00:45:11.07\00:45:14.21
the number 1 cause of death.
00:45:14.24\00:45:15.58
Your Homocysteine
level should be less than 10,
00:45:15.61\00:45:19.15
if it's more than
10, I would be concerned
00:45:19.18\00:45:23.05
that B12 may be the issue.
00:45:23.08\00:45:25.09
The MMA... that
toxic product we mentioned
00:45:25.12\00:45:28.89
can be tested but it's
much less frequently done so.
00:45:28.92\00:45:32.96
The MCV... the
Mean Corpuscular Volume
00:45:32.99\00:45:36.90
size of your red blood
cells is part of every CBC...
00:45:36.97\00:45:40.70
the complete blood count
00:45:40.74\00:45:42.07
where you get
Hemoglobin... Hematocrit...
00:45:42.10\00:45:43.84
the various white cell counts...
00:45:43.91\00:45:45.44
it will have an MCV as
one of the values on there.
00:45:45.47\00:45:49.08
It should be less than 98.
00:45:49.11\00:45:51.65
Remember the pictures of
the enlarged red blood cells...
00:45:51.68\00:45:55.08
if that Mean
Corpuscular Volume...
00:45:55.12\00:45:56.75
the average size of those
cells is getting too big...
00:45:56.79\00:45:58.95
if it's a 100... a
105... a 108... a 110...
00:45:58.99\00:46:03.09
you know, there is
something wrong going on
00:46:03.12\00:46:07.16
and it very well could
be this Megaloblastic Anemia
00:46:07.20\00:46:11.73
from the B12...
00:46:11.77\00:46:13.10
so, between your
CBC... your Homocysteine level
00:46:13.13\00:46:15.70
and your B12 level,
00:46:15.74\00:46:17.07
you can look at...
00:46:17.11\00:46:18.44
if your levels are in
those... you're safe...
00:46:18.47\00:46:19.87
you've got
good... you're covered...
00:46:19.91\00:46:22.04
everything is okay.
00:46:22.08\00:46:23.55
If some of those are off,
00:46:23.58\00:46:24.91
we need to be looking
at what's the cause...
00:46:24.95\00:46:27.38
what's the problem.
00:46:27.42\00:46:28.85
Supplementation...
00:46:28.88\00:46:30.22
I want to just
very briefly look at
00:46:30.25\00:46:32.35
Intrinsic Factor Deficiency...
00:46:32.39\00:46:34.89
there are situations where
00:46:34.92\00:46:37.36
even if you take all
of the right amount of B12
00:46:37.39\00:46:40.00
in your diet,
00:46:40.03\00:46:41.36
you could still be deficient
00:46:41.40\00:46:43.20
if your stomach was
not making Intrinsic Factor
00:46:43.23\00:46:46.03
and there are some things
we can do that can cause that.
00:46:46.07\00:46:50.51
Today we have a huge amount
of stomach-acid-blocking drugs
00:46:50.54\00:46:54.91
the Hydrogen Blockers and
the Proton Pump Inhibitors
00:46:54.94\00:47:01.05
the H Blockers...
the Histamine Blockers.
00:47:01.08\00:47:03.92
Tagamet... Pepcid... Zantac...
00:47:03.99\00:47:06.76
Prilosec...
Protonix... Nexium...
00:47:06.79\00:47:08.89
you may
recognize some of those...
00:47:08.92\00:47:10.99
those... they shut down
the production of acid...
00:47:11.03\00:47:14.13
they also shut down the
production of Intrinsic Factor.
00:47:14.16\00:47:17.50
Pause...
00:47:17.57\00:47:19.07
Gastric Bypass
Surgeries of various types
00:47:19.10\00:47:23.17
can remove much
of the stomach...
00:47:23.20\00:47:25.17
bypass much of the stomach...
00:47:25.24\00:47:26.78
and again cut
out the Vitamin B12.
00:47:26.84\00:47:29.98
By the way, if
you have one of these
00:47:30.01\00:47:33.08
Intrinsic-Factor deficiencies,
what can we do about it?
00:47:33.11\00:47:36.38
Well, it's very
simple, you can get a B12 shot
00:47:36.42\00:47:39.42
and doctors for years
may have been realizing
00:47:39.45\00:47:42.39
that many older
people need B12 shots...
00:47:42.42\00:47:45.13
sometimes, just with
age-related atrophy...
00:47:45.16\00:47:47.76
the lining of the stomach is
not producing Intrinsic Factor
00:47:47.80\00:47:51.83
like it should and
you get a B12 shot...
00:47:51.90\00:47:54.77
now, we've bypassed all of
this absorption mechanism...
00:47:54.97\00:47:58.21
it's absorbed directly...
00:47:58.24\00:47:59.97
it's already in the body
00:48:00.01\00:48:01.68
and it can go out
into the bloodstream
00:48:01.71\00:48:03.45
and be transported to
the cells that need it
00:48:03.51\00:48:07.78
so, we can bypass the
Intrinsic Factor deficiencies.
00:48:07.82\00:48:12.42
Metformin... Diabetics...
this is one of the common drugs,
00:48:12.45\00:48:16.76
Metformin can lead to an
Intrinsic Factor deficiency...
00:48:16.79\00:48:21.06
there are some
genetic deficiencies that...
00:48:21.10\00:48:26.33
genetic... you
know, mutations...
00:48:26.37\00:48:28.44
that can lead to
deficiencies in it...
00:48:28.50\00:48:32.07
some dietary sources...
00:48:32.11\00:48:36.04
Clams... 84 micrograms...
00:48:36.11\00:48:39.98
why would clams be such an
excellent source of Vitamin B12?
00:48:40.02\00:48:45.02
What do clams eat?
00:48:45.05\00:48:46.72
They sit on the bottom
00:48:46.76\00:48:48.36
and they strain out
the various fecal material
00:48:48.39\00:48:51.63
that settles to
the bottom of the bay
00:48:51.66\00:48:53.26
and so, you would expect
that they would be full of B12.
00:48:53.29\00:48:57.27
Liver is a very
high source again because
00:48:57.33\00:49:02.10
the Liver stores Vitamin
B12 so, we can expect that.
00:49:02.14\00:49:06.37
Today, they are now putting
some B12 in certain cereals...
00:49:06.41\00:49:10.58
to make... you know,
00:49:10.61\00:49:11.95
they put in all
those various vitamins...
00:49:11.98\00:49:13.62
they will add some
Vitamin B12 to cereals...
00:49:13.68\00:49:15.72
here we see
some fish on there...
00:49:15.75\00:49:18.25
has some cheeseburger
00:49:18.29\00:49:20.29
for all that beef and the
cheese in the cheeseburger,
00:49:20.36\00:49:23.49
we got two micrograms out of it.
00:49:23.53\00:49:25.39
Milk... one microgram...
00:49:25.43\00:49:27.43
egg... zero point
six micrograms in an egg.
00:49:27.46\00:49:32.30
I know a lot of people say,
00:49:32.33\00:49:34.07
"Well, I'm eating eggs,
00:49:34.10\00:49:35.44
therefore, I've got a
good source of Vitamin B12.
00:49:35.47\00:49:38.71
Eggs are actually a very
poor source of Vitamin B12.
00:49:38.74\00:49:42.41
If you're counting on
Eggs to get your Vitamin B12,
00:49:42.44\00:49:46.05
you really need to
have those blood tests done
00:49:46.08\00:49:48.85
because you could
easily be moving into
00:49:48.88\00:49:50.75
that deficiency range...
00:49:50.79\00:49:52.29
even chickens are
a poor source of B12.
00:49:52.32\00:49:57.03
Some people... they say,
00:49:57.06\00:49:59.89
"Well, I have a lot of
the different fermented foods.
00:49:59.96\00:50:03.10
Tempeh... Natto... the Miso...
00:50:03.13\00:50:06.70
you know, all these
different fermented foods,
00:50:06.74\00:50:10.64
they've got Bacteria...
they've got B12 in them...
00:50:10.71\00:50:13.98
and what we find when
we actually study them out,
00:50:14.01\00:50:16.91
we find that they're
actually probably very poor
00:50:16.95\00:50:19.81
sources of B12
00:50:19.85\00:50:24.02
and you really can't
count on them to supply the B12.
00:50:24.09\00:50:28.32
You're going to need to actually
take the B12 supplements
00:50:28.36\00:50:32.59
and if you have an
Intrinsic Factor issue,
00:50:32.63\00:50:35.20
take the B12 shots...
00:50:35.23\00:50:36.56
that's really the only way.
00:50:36.60\00:50:39.60
One interesting aspect is that
of Spirulina Blue-Green Algae
00:50:39.63\00:50:46.21
that's often recommended
as a dietary supplement
00:50:46.24\00:50:48.91
and it has Vitamin B12 in it
00:50:48.94\00:50:52.91
but of the B12 that's
in it, only about 15% here
00:50:52.95\00:50:58.65
is actually true
Vitamin B12 that we can use...
00:50:58.72\00:51:03.73
the rest of it is
actually a Pseudo vitamin B12
00:51:03.79\00:51:08.76
and as this tail
comes around here,
00:51:08.83\00:51:11.33
you'll notice the molecule
is just a little bit different
00:51:11.37\00:51:13.94
so, when the
mechanic picks up the tool
00:51:13.97\00:51:16.64
and goes to use it,
what does he find out?
00:51:16.67\00:51:21.14
Well, he's got this
tool and it feels right
00:51:21.18\00:51:24.91
and he holds on to it
but it doesn't do the job
00:51:24.95\00:51:28.68
because this is different...
00:51:28.72\00:51:30.35
it can't release the... the...
00:51:30.39\00:51:31.99
the piece up
here that it needs to
00:51:32.02\00:51:35.19
and so, as a
result, it doesn't work.
00:51:35.22\00:51:38.33
So, we basically block
up all these mechanics...
00:51:38.36\00:51:41.46
they're sitting
around holding pseudo B12
00:51:41.50\00:51:43.50
and they're not working...
they're not doing their job.
00:51:43.53\00:51:48.10
So, I would not include
any of these blue-green algae
00:51:48.14\00:51:52.67
supplements as an
adjunct to your diet
00:51:52.71\00:51:56.01
because of the
pseudo B12 contents
00:51:56.04\00:51:59.31
you're going to find in
them so, a warning there.
00:51:59.35\00:52:02.88
Pause...
00:52:02.92\00:52:05.19
So, now we come full
circle here to our conclusion...
00:52:05.22\00:52:11.49
you know, as we think about
00:52:11.53\00:52:13.29
everything that
God has done for us
00:52:13.36\00:52:17.93
and created in our...
to study our nutrition
00:52:17.97\00:52:22.30
and throughout the
course of history on this earth,
00:52:22.34\00:52:26.94
particularly after the flood,
00:52:26.98\00:52:29.31
introduction of the clean
animals as a source of food
00:52:29.34\00:52:35.75
that was recommended
and has been used and...
00:52:35.78\00:52:39.45
you know, why didn't
Jesus promote a vegetarian diet
00:52:39.49\00:52:42.72
when He was there
00:52:42.76\00:52:44.33
if a vegetarian
diet was so much better?
00:52:44.36\00:52:46.86
We can move with
this particular piece...
00:52:46.90\00:52:49.43
with a little bit of insight
into maybe one of the reasons
00:52:49.46\00:52:54.74
why meat eating has
been part of the human diet
00:52:54.77\00:52:59.21
for most of our time here
00:52:59.24\00:53:02.51
particularly since
the flood right here,
00:53:02.54\00:53:06.05
we have needed
to have Vitamin B12
00:53:06.08\00:53:10.35
and there's really not a
good source elsewhere to get it.
00:53:10.39\00:53:14.36
Pause...
00:53:14.39\00:53:17.06
If we don't supplement,
we're not going to have it
00:53:17.09\00:53:19.89
on a plant-based diet.
00:53:19.93\00:53:21.43
But today, at this last sliver
of earth's history right now
00:53:21.46\00:53:29.10
Science... the
latest come in Science
00:53:29.14\00:53:32.07
and now, "Vitamin B12 is
readily available here. "
00:53:32.11\00:53:37.15
It's readily
available in such a form
00:53:37.18\00:53:40.32
that it... you
know... anyone can get it...
00:53:40.38\00:53:45.65
it's very inexpensive
00:53:45.69\00:53:47.02
and would highly, highly
recommend it for all of us
00:53:47.06\00:53:53.29
pause...
00:53:53.33\00:53:57.50
and so, we come to
where we started right here
00:53:57.53\00:54:01.10
taking the
Methylcobalamin supplements
00:54:01.14\00:54:05.41
you know, several times a
week would probably be adequate.
00:54:05.44\00:54:09.31
I just take one every day...
that way you don't forget them,
00:54:09.34\00:54:12.98
they're easy to take...
they're very inexpensive
00:54:13.01\00:54:15.35
and regardless
of what's happening,
00:54:15.38\00:54:17.75
you're always putting in
that continuous supply of B12...
00:54:17.79\00:54:21.06
building up the
supply in your liver
00:54:21.09\00:54:23.76
and continuing to make that
available on a regular basis
00:54:23.79\00:54:30.37
for all of these processes
00:54:30.40\00:54:32.47
and I'd like to
emphasize the fact that
00:54:32.50\00:54:37.11
the damage from the deficiencies
00:54:37.14\00:54:40.21
particularly the
neurological damage
00:54:40.28\00:54:42.84
does not seem to be reversible
with re-supplementation
00:54:42.88\00:54:49.45
once the damage has incurred
00:54:49.48\00:54:51.12
and the fact that
it is such a subtle
00:54:51.15\00:54:54.86
and very... how shall I say
00:54:54.89\00:54:59.53
difficult to notice
00:54:59.56\00:55:01.86
and easily to give
another explanation to.
00:55:01.90\00:55:05.67
It's easy to explain that this
could be due to, you know, aging
00:55:05.73\00:55:12.57
and it could be due to
just some chronic fatigue.
00:55:12.61\00:55:16.04
There's a lot of things
that you could blame it on
00:55:16.08\00:55:19.51
and attribute it
to and not notice it
00:55:19.55\00:55:23.72
and just let it go.
00:55:23.79\00:55:25.25
I've read many stories...
00:55:25.29\00:55:30.29
one was the
individual who was...
00:55:30.33\00:55:33.23
he was actually the
owner of a health-food store
00:55:33.26\00:55:35.56
and he lived a healthy
plant-based diet and stuff and
00:55:35.60\00:55:40.70
he gradually deteriorated...
00:55:40.74\00:55:42.97
was becoming... you
know, Dementia set in
00:55:43.00\00:55:46.21
and he got to the point where
he couldn't function and stuff
00:55:46.27\00:55:48.94
really very sad case
00:55:49.01\00:55:50.55
and at some point
there far along...
00:55:50.58\00:55:54.02
they did a work up and found
00:55:54.05\00:55:56.08
he was extremely
Vitamin-B12 deficient
00:55:56.12\00:55:58.85
and we realize
that at that point
00:55:58.89\00:56:01.92
that all of his
symptoms were due
00:56:01.96\00:56:05.69
to the Vitamin B12 Deficiency
00:56:05.76\00:56:09.43
but it was too late
to recover the damage...
00:56:09.46\00:56:13.03
it was too late
to turn it around...
00:56:13.07\00:56:15.50
it was too late to bring back
the mind that had been lost...
00:56:15.57\00:56:20.74
the cognitive
functioning that had been lost.
00:56:20.78\00:56:23.14
Pause...
00:56:23.18\00:56:24.51
Um, you know,
00:56:24.55\00:56:26.61
there are lot of factors
that contribute to Alzheimer's
00:56:26.65\00:56:30.65
and the various
dementias and various breakdowns
00:56:30.69\00:56:33.99
and I don't want to conclude
00:56:34.02\00:56:36.12
that everything
is a B12 deficiency
00:56:36.16\00:56:38.19
but the B12 Deficiency
is a very avoidable one
00:56:38.23\00:56:42.93
and a very
high-risk one for all of us
00:56:42.96\00:56:46.84
who are on a plant-based diet
00:56:46.90\00:56:49.47
and so, how do
you know for sure?
00:56:49.50\00:56:52.01
What did we say?
The blood test, yeah...
00:56:52.04\00:56:56.71
your doctor can run the
test... just remind and say,
00:56:56.75\00:57:00.18
"Hey, if you're on
a plant-based diet,
00:57:00.22\00:57:01.68
I want to be sure I'm
not B12 deficiency... "
00:57:01.72\00:57:03.95
and what are the
tests he needs to do?
00:57:03.99\00:57:05.95
A B12 level... you
want it greater than 500...
00:57:05.99\00:57:10.56
your regular CBC... they're
going to run that all the time,
00:57:10.59\00:57:15.90
your MCV... your
Mean Corpuscle Volume,
00:57:15.93\00:57:19.03
you want it less than 98...
00:57:19.07\00:57:20.74
if it's over a
100, there's a problem.
00:57:20.77\00:57:23.30
It's probably easier
to remember the 100...
00:57:23.34\00:57:26.88
if it's over a
100... you're in trouble...
00:57:27.01\00:57:28.64
and then the
Homocysteine level...
00:57:28.68\00:57:31.35
you want your
Homocysteine level less than 10.
00:57:31.41\00:57:34.55
Those are going
to be the factors
00:57:34.58\00:57:36.89
that are going to allow you
to know if you've got a problem
00:57:36.92\00:57:39.19
or if you don't
00:57:39.22\00:57:40.56
and then of course,
if you've got a problem,
00:57:40.59\00:57:43.29
there's the supplementation
00:57:43.32\00:57:45.66
or they can test
for the Intrinsic Factor
00:57:45.69\00:57:51.33
to see if it's being absorbed
00:57:51.37\00:57:52.70
and the doctor may well...
00:57:52.73\00:57:54.07
want to put you
on Vitamin B12 shots
00:57:54.10\00:57:57.14
so, that's our wisdom for this
particular part of the program,
00:57:57.17\00:58:02.78
may God bless you all
00:58:02.84\00:58:04.18
as you continue
your service for Him.
00:58:04.21\00:58:06.65