I'm John Carter in Moscow.
00:00:02.16\00:00:04.63
In Havana, Cuba.
00:00:04.67\00:00:07.27
Now in Kiev, the
capital of Ukraine.
00:00:07.30\00:00:10.61
I'm John Carter in Petra.
00:00:10.64\00:00:13.54
Right here in Communist China.
00:00:13.58\00:00:16.48
Reporting from India.
00:00:16.51\00:00:18.58
Hi, I'm John Carter
in the Solomon Islands.
00:00:18.61\00:00:21.48
I'm John Carter in Soweto.
00:00:21.52\00:00:24.05
From El Salvador.
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I'm John Carter
in Sydney, Australia.
00:00:26.45\00:00:29.42
Floods, Fires, Hurricanes,
00:00:29.46\00:00:31.93
John Carter will focus
today on Climate Change.
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Hello friend,
welcome today to the program
00:00:36.83\00:00:39.07
which is on Climate Change.
00:00:39.10\00:00:42.50
We're so glad
that you joined us.
00:00:42.54\00:00:45.54
We have a special
world famous guest,
00:00:45.57\00:00:48.61
Dr Hugh Ross,
00:00:48.64\00:00:50.61
who was the president
of Reasons to Believe.
00:00:50.65\00:00:54.52
Dr Ross is a world famous author
00:00:54.55\00:00:57.99
and he believes that
the findings of science
00:00:58.02\00:01:02.09
are compatible with the findings
00:01:02.12\00:01:04.73
of the Holy Scriptures.
00:01:04.76\00:01:07.30
Welcome today to
The Carter Report.
00:01:07.33\00:01:09.76
Greater Manila is
more than 20 million souls.
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Almost all these
beautiful people are ignorant
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of the true Gospel of Christ.
00:01:20.21\00:01:22.24
Manila needs Jesus.
00:01:22.28\00:01:24.25
Thirty five years ago,
John Carter came to Manila.
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Pastor Carter is
returning to Manila
00:01:27.75\00:01:29.98
with an urgent assignment,
preach the Gospel of Christ
00:01:30.02\00:01:33.39
and the great
truths of the Bible.
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Don't water down the message.
00:01:35.66\00:01:37.59
Make it plain, make it
clear, make it Christ centered.
00:01:37.63\00:01:41.63
The Carter Report
needs your help now
00:01:41.66\00:01:44.67
to light a fire
in the Philippines.
00:01:44.70\00:01:46.84
Your gift will help
open the doors of bondage,
00:01:46.87\00:01:49.70
smash the chains of sin,
00:01:49.74\00:01:51.71
and open the gates of paradise
to thousands of lost souls.
00:01:51.74\00:01:55.81
The churches have
sent out an urgent plea
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for The Carter Report to return.
00:01:58.11\00:02:00.22
Help us proclaim the
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00:02:00.25\00:02:02.98
to the
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00:02:03.02\00:02:05.32
Please send your support
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00:02:05.35\00:02:08.26
Visit our website or
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00:02:08.29\00:02:11.89
Welcome today to
The Carter Report.
00:02:14.93\00:02:16.63
We have a special guest,
00:02:16.67\00:02:18.00
Dr Hugh Ross from
Reasons to Believe.
00:02:18.03\00:02:21.77
And today we're talking about
00:02:21.80\00:02:23.44
what some people would call
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is a controversial
subject, Climate Change.
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Stay with us, you're
going to enjoy this program.
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Dr. Ross, we are
absolutely delighted
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to have you with us here today.
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Well, thank you.
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We've had you with
us on our program before
00:02:38.62\00:02:41.69
and we're thrilled
that you're here today
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because you have
so much information.
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You are an astronomer
and an astrophysicist.
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You've just written a
book on climate change.
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I've read it through.
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Absolutely stirred up
the molecules in my mind.
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Some young people
are terrified that
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they're not going
to get to old age,
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that the world
might come to an end
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because of climate
change within 10 years.
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How would you comment?
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I don't know of
any climatologist
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that says that, you know,
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Armageddon's
happening in 10 years.
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Some are saying by 2050. Mm-Hmm.
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So you know 30 years. Yes.
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That's I would call
a worst case scenario.
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What I've written in my book,
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there are things
we can do to continue
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the amazing
stability of our climate
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that we've enjoyed
for the past 9,500 years,
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for more than a millennium.
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Probably not two millennium
but at least another millennium
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and we can do it
without killing our economy.
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In fact we can do it
while we enhance our economy.
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And mainly I'm writing the
book to take the controversy
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and the politics out of
this climate change issue.
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It's true, is it not
00:04:00.64\00:04:03.10
that climate change
has become politicized?
00:04:03.14\00:04:07.28
Oh, very much politicized.
00:04:07.31\00:04:08.98
And so it's hard to
have a rational debate
00:04:09.01\00:04:11.91
in some circles
about climate change.
00:04:11.95\00:04:15.28
Well, the reason
it's gotten politicized,
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you got one side saying,
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we have to do
something to restore the climate
00:04:19.45\00:04:22.79
to what we've enjoyed
for the past 9,500 years.
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But we need to do it by
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making draconian
economic adjustments.
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And then you got
the other side saying
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that will never work.
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Trying to persuade
people to lower their standard
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of living by a
factor of 2, 3, or 4.
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That's a hard sell,
00:04:40.11\00:04:41.61
and so they're basically saying,
00:04:41.64\00:04:43.65
maybe the climate
change is not as bigger problem
00:04:43.68\00:04:46.28
as they think
00:04:46.31\00:04:47.65
and what we're
basically proposing
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it reasons to believe.
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There are ways to
stabilize the climate
00:04:51.12\00:04:53.79
that boosts the economy.
00:04:53.82\00:04:55.46
We don't have to have
draconian economic sacrifices.
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I'd like to say a few words
to my audience today, Dr. Ross.
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Good men and good
women can disagree
00:05:04.80\00:05:09.74
without becoming disagreeable.
00:05:09.77\00:05:11.61
Definitely. Isn't this true?
00:05:11.64\00:05:13.24
That's a Christian virtue.
00:05:13.27\00:05:14.61
Yeah, yeah, yes,
so whatever happened
00:05:14.64\00:05:16.91
we say to some people,
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whatever happened to
their Christian faith?
00:05:18.31\00:05:20.75
If we can't discuss
controversial issues
00:05:20.78\00:05:24.59
and love each other,
00:05:24.62\00:05:26.02
there's something very wrong
00:05:26.05\00:05:27.49
with our so called Christianity.
00:05:27.52\00:05:29.92
Well, people need to
realize non-Christians watch
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how we treat one another.
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Especially how we
treat one another on issues
00:05:34.60\00:05:37.27
where we sharply disagree.
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If they see that
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we can disagree in a charitable,
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encouraging way.
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Then they're going to be
00:05:43.87\00:05:45.21
willing to trust us to
deal with their issues.
00:05:45.24\00:05:47.54
So I think we
all need to be aware,
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we are being watched.
00:05:48.94\00:05:52.21
Today, in North America,
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I think you'd
agree with me on this,
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the whole country
seems to be polarized.
00:05:56.55\00:05:58.72
Yes.
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And there's so much hate speech
00:06:00.12\00:06:02.46
and if a person
disagrees with you,
00:06:02.49\00:06:05.23
he just doesn't
disagree with you,
00:06:05.26\00:06:07.16
he's gotta be your enemy.
00:06:07.20\00:06:09.26
Well, it's not just America,
00:06:09.30\00:06:10.63
I see that as a
worldwide phenomenon.
00:06:10.67\00:06:12.27
This is true.
00:06:12.30\00:06:13.64
And climate change seems to be
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the issue in which
you get the greatest,
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you know, vilification.
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Greatest polarization. Exactly.
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And so if a person thinks this,
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he's one of the
baddies and if he thinks this,
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he's one of the baddies.
00:06:25.38\00:06:27.02
We can't, many people find it
00:06:27.05\00:06:29.08
very, very hard to
listen to the other person
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and to think rationally.
00:06:33.32\00:06:35.29
Well, I've written this
book Weather and Climate Change
00:06:35.32\00:06:37.96
basically to make the point...
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It's a great book. Thank you.
00:06:39.49\00:06:41.23
..That none of
this is necessary,
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we can take the controversy out,
00:06:43.50\00:06:45.07
we can take the politics out,
00:06:45.10\00:06:47.10
simply by looking at
the creative solutions
00:06:47.14\00:06:49.97
whereby we can manage
the planet for our benefit,
00:06:50.01\00:06:53.71
the benefit of all life,
same time boost our economy,
00:06:53.74\00:06:57.65
who's not gonna like
it? It's win-win-win.
00:06:57.68\00:07:00.12
Now, what is the consensus?
00:07:00.15\00:07:03.75
Now, you're a
world famous scientist,
00:07:03.79\00:07:06.12
what is the consensus
of the scientific community
00:07:06.15\00:07:10.09
concerning climate
change and global warming?
00:07:10.13\00:07:13.06
Is there a consensus?
00:07:13.09\00:07:14.93
There is a growing consensus.
00:07:14.96\00:07:16.43
It's relatively recent.
00:07:16.46\00:07:17.97
I mean, I waited
to write this book
00:07:18.00\00:07:19.73
until the research
reached that point,
00:07:19.77\00:07:22.77
but the
consensus now is that from
00:07:22.80\00:07:25.54
9,500 years up
until the year 1900,
00:07:25.57\00:07:29.91
the global mean temperature
was extremely stable,
00:07:29.94\00:07:33.65
varying by no
more than plus or minus
00:07:33.68\00:07:35.85
0.65 degrees centigrade.
00:07:35.88\00:07:38.49
And it gradually
declined over that period
00:07:38.52\00:07:41.29
by one degree centigrade.
00:07:41.32\00:07:43.49
Where there is also a consensus,
00:07:43.53\00:07:45.39
in the last 70 years,
00:07:45.43\00:07:47.13
it's gone up by
one degree centigrade.
00:07:47.16\00:07:49.86
So now the planet is
just as warm as it was
00:07:49.90\00:07:53.50
9,000 years ago.
00:07:53.54\00:07:55.30
And now, this is what the
scientific world is saying.
00:07:55.34\00:07:58.61
It is.
00:07:58.64\00:07:59.97
And there is no
dispute over this because,
00:08:00.01\00:08:01.68
you know, we've got
excellent measurements
00:08:01.71\00:08:03.98
of the temperatures.
00:08:04.01\00:08:05.35
There's no dispute over this.
00:08:05.38\00:08:07.02
That's the one part
that's not disputed is that
00:08:07.05\00:08:09.52
we've had this long,
00:08:09.55\00:08:11.29
stable period where
the temperature declined
00:08:11.32\00:08:14.06
by only one degree
00:08:14.09\00:08:15.62
and over the last 70
years, that's gone up.
00:08:15.66\00:08:19.33
And that's what
causing the alarm,
00:08:19.36\00:08:20.83
is the fact that
in just 70 years,
00:08:20.86\00:08:23.80
we've reversed 9,500 years
00:08:23.83\00:08:26.23
of temperature decline.
00:08:26.27\00:08:31.04
Let me ask you this question.
00:08:31.07\00:08:35.28
This is a rather
difficult question.
00:08:35.31\00:08:39.31
I've been told that
scientists on occasions
00:08:39.35\00:08:42.08
have falsified the evidence
00:08:42.12\00:08:44.35
to make a case
for global warming.
00:08:44.39\00:08:47.79
I've read this, you
know, I get this literature
00:08:47.82\00:08:50.23
and it's rather derogatory
00:08:50.26\00:08:53.66
of the scientific community,
00:08:53.70\00:08:57.07
but it says that
there's clear evidence that
00:08:57.10\00:08:59.93
there are scientists
who have made up the facts
00:08:59.97\00:09:04.61
or I'll say have
perverted certain ideas.
00:09:04.64\00:09:09.38
They've had an...
00:09:09.41\00:09:10.75
In other words,
they've had an axe to grind.
00:09:10.78\00:09:13.62
Well, I think they have a point
00:09:13.65\00:09:15.98
that these scientists
do have an axe to grind
00:09:16.02\00:09:18.52
but there is zero evidence that
00:09:18.55\00:09:20.26
they ever tampered with
or manipulated the data.
00:09:20.29\00:09:23.69
This controversy all
came out from Britain,
00:09:23.73\00:09:26.56
where some climatologists
were commenting on the data
00:09:26.59\00:09:29.96
and what we should do
about the data that we see.
00:09:30.00\00:09:33.17
But there's been eight
independent studies about
00:09:33.20\00:09:36.84
whether there was any
manipulation of the data
00:09:36.87\00:09:39.74
and all eight
studies have said no,
00:09:39.77\00:09:41.61
there's been no
manipulation of the data.
00:09:41.64\00:09:44.05
But, yeah,
scientists were saying
00:09:44.08\00:09:46.35
things they
probably shouldn't have said
00:09:46.38\00:09:47.82
to one another
that became public.
00:09:47.85\00:09:50.39
But you know
scientists are humans.
00:09:50.42\00:09:51.95
Yeah, of course,
they are, they're humans
00:09:51.99\00:09:53.32
the same as we are with,
with prejudice, and pride,
00:09:53.36\00:09:56.93
and everything else
00:09:56.96\00:09:58.29
because we are
sinful human beings.
00:09:58.33\00:10:01.16
Now I have been interviewing you
00:10:01.20\00:10:03.80
for a number of years
00:10:03.83\00:10:05.17
and you've been a
tremendous blessing to me
00:10:05.20\00:10:08.04
and to our ministry.
00:10:08.07\00:10:10.71
You are a
committed Christian. Yes.
00:10:10.74\00:10:13.44
And you believe in
the Holy Scriptures.
00:10:13.48\00:10:14.91
Yes.
00:10:14.94\00:10:16.28
And you believe,
now this is really
00:10:16.31\00:10:19.18
the core of your organization.
00:10:19.21\00:10:21.85
You believe that
the findings of science,
00:10:21.88\00:10:26.99
true science uphold
the teachings of the Bible.
00:10:27.02\00:10:30.83
Correct.
00:10:30.86\00:10:32.19
Because of what you call
this, this fine tuning thing.
00:10:32.23\00:10:36.77
Well, that's the main thing
00:10:36.80\00:10:38.13
I'm trying to get
across in this book,
00:10:38.17\00:10:40.04
Weather and Climate Change,
00:10:40.07\00:10:41.97
is that climate
instability is the norm.
00:10:42.00\00:10:46.61
What we've had for
the past 9,500 years
00:10:46.64\00:10:49.64
is the exception.
00:10:49.68\00:10:51.45
In fact we've never
had an ice age cycle,
00:10:51.48\00:10:54.32
where we've had
extreme climate stability
00:10:54.35\00:10:56.99
and mainly what I
write about in the book
00:10:57.02\00:10:58.75
is all the amazing fine tuning
00:10:58.79\00:11:01.36
that must take place
00:11:01.39\00:11:03.09
over the long
history of the earth,
00:11:03.12\00:11:04.99
to open up this tiny
window just 9,500 years wide
00:11:05.03\00:11:09.16
where we got this
extreme climate stability.
00:11:09.20\00:11:12.07
Let me ask you this.
00:11:12.10\00:11:14.14
As an astronomer,
00:11:14.17\00:11:16.50
you worked also at
Caltech, didn't you?
00:11:16.54\00:11:18.01
Yes.
00:11:18.04\00:11:19.37
Yeah, quite an
amazing experience.
00:11:19.41\00:11:21.01
Some say it's the,
00:11:21.04\00:11:22.71
easily one of the greatest
universities in the world.
00:11:22.74\00:11:25.21
Well, for astrophysics
it ranks number one.
00:11:25.25\00:11:27.25
Number one? Yeah. Yeah.
00:11:27.28\00:11:29.22
I read in USA News &
World Report that is,
00:11:29.25\00:11:33.32
in one year at least, it
was number one university
00:11:33.36\00:11:35.39
in the United States.
00:11:35.42\00:11:37.03
Well, it's the only university
00:11:37.06\00:11:38.39
where they got more
professors than students.
00:11:38.43\00:11:43.47
You're kidding. I'm not kidding.
00:11:43.50\00:11:44.83
They've got more professors
than students at Caltech?
00:11:44.87\00:11:47.77
Well, if you include
all the research fellows
00:11:47.80\00:11:49.74
that are there,
00:11:49.77\00:11:51.11
that also help
with the teaching,
00:11:51.14\00:11:52.51
Yes, it's got more
professors than students,
00:11:52.54\00:11:55.48
2,000 faculty, 1,400 students.
00:11:55.51\00:11:57.35
Yeah, and now,
00:11:57.38\00:11:58.71
I'm getting a
little off the subject,
00:11:58.75\00:12:00.25
but you've got a son
who's going to Loma Linda.
00:12:00.28\00:12:02.62
Yes. What's he doing there?
00:12:02.65\00:12:04.52
Well, he's
getting a doctoral degree
00:12:04.55\00:12:06.62
in Clinical Neuropsychology.
00:12:06.65\00:12:09.02
And how's he finding Loma Linda?
00:12:09.06\00:12:10.49
Oh, he loves Loma Linda.
00:12:10.53\00:12:12.16
Loves attending
the lectures there,
00:12:12.19\00:12:14.46
loves the fact that
he can integrate both
00:12:14.50\00:12:16.56
his research in neuroscience
and the clinical work.
00:12:16.60\00:12:19.50
He says, you know,
00:12:19.53\00:12:20.87
I want this to
apply to real people, so.
00:12:20.90\00:12:24.54
Now, scientists say
that the earth has had a,
00:12:24.57\00:12:29.91
this period and people
would debate it I'm sure,
00:12:29.94\00:12:33.65
at least among some
conservative Christians
00:12:33.68\00:12:37.55
about the age of
this period of stability.
00:12:37.59\00:12:40.86
But there have been
periods of hot and cold.
00:12:40.89\00:12:46.53
Well, what I wrote
about in a previous book,
00:12:46.56\00:12:48.56
this one, 'Improbable Planet'.
00:12:48.60\00:12:50.70
The only way you can have
00:12:50.73\00:12:52.17
billions of human
beings on planet earth
00:12:52.20\00:12:54.60
is if we live in
an ice age cycle.
00:12:54.64\00:12:57.51
Where we go from
say 20-23% ice coverage
00:12:57.54\00:13:02.34
and then transition
to a period of only 10%
00:13:02.38\00:13:05.81
and we've had
over 40 of those cycles
00:13:05.85\00:13:08.68
in the past recent
history of the earth.
00:13:08.72\00:13:11.15
And you need that in
order to have enough water
00:13:11.19\00:13:14.32
to irrigate the
great agricultural plains.
00:13:14.36\00:13:17.33
We're living off the
benefit of ice leftover
00:13:17.36\00:13:20.86
from the last ice age,
00:13:20.90\00:13:22.23
melting and watering our
great agricultural plains.
00:13:22.26\00:13:25.43
How do scientists like you know
00:13:25.47\00:13:28.20
that we've had
periods of hot and cold for,
00:13:28.24\00:13:31.27
you know, so many years?
00:13:31.31\00:13:33.27
How do they know
this, what proof?
00:13:33.31\00:13:35.54
Well, probably the
best evidence is ice cores
00:13:35.58\00:13:38.75
in Central Greenland,
00:13:38.78\00:13:41.25
Central
Antarctica and in the Alps.
00:13:41.28\00:13:43.82
Tell me about these ice cores?
00:13:43.85\00:13:45.62
Well, it's
kinda like tree rings.
00:13:45.65\00:13:46.99
I mean every year
you get a layer of ice,
00:13:47.02\00:13:49.79
and in that layer
you'll have different isotopes.
00:13:49.82\00:13:54.73
Probably the ones
that are most significant
00:13:54.76\00:13:56.50
are the isotopes of oxygen.
00:13:56.53\00:13:58.07
Tell me about
isotopes? What are isotopes?
00:13:58.10\00:14:00.50
Well, they're different
atomic weights of an element
00:14:00.54\00:14:04.21
like oxygen has got
three significant isotopes,
00:14:04.24\00:14:08.24
oxygen 16, 17, and 18.
00:14:08.28\00:14:12.08
And the ratio of oxygen
18 to 16 in the atmosphere
00:14:12.11\00:14:16.95
is strongly
correlated with temperature.
00:14:16.99\00:14:19.89
And so by measuring
the oxygen 18 to 16 ratio
00:14:19.92\00:14:24.16
in these different layers of ice
00:14:24.19\00:14:26.06
that we see gives
us an accurate record
00:14:26.09\00:14:28.96
of the past
temperature of the earth.
00:14:29.00\00:14:30.60
So they get
these samples of ice.
00:14:30.63\00:14:34.00
They drill down and they get...
00:14:34.04\00:14:35.87
They just drill down
through all the layers,
00:14:35.90\00:14:38.57
and they got proof that
the layers are annual layers
00:14:38.61\00:14:41.54
because these layers
will have the dust signatures
00:14:41.58\00:14:45.25
of known volcanic
eruptions in recorded history.
00:14:45.28\00:14:48.72
So they can count
the number of layers
00:14:48.75\00:14:50.49
and indeed they
are annual layers.
00:14:50.52\00:14:52.65
So this, this is
the discovery of truth.
00:14:52.69\00:14:57.36
Now Christians
like you and like me,
00:14:57.39\00:15:02.46
we should believe
very much in truth
00:15:02.50\00:15:04.97
because Jesus said,
"You'll know the truth,
00:15:05.00\00:15:08.24
and the truth
will make you free."
00:15:08.27\00:15:09.60
We should... Right.
00:15:09.64\00:15:10.97
I wanna say to the
audience watching today,
00:15:11.01\00:15:12.94
we don't need to
be afraid of the truth
00:15:12.97\00:15:15.48
because truth is liberating
and if we follow Jesus Christ
00:15:15.51\00:15:20.08
we'll be adherence of the truth.
00:15:20.12\00:15:22.95
And so they put down these,
how do they get the ice out?
00:15:22.98\00:15:27.89
Well, they just drill through,
00:15:27.92\00:15:29.59
you know, literally hundreds
of thousands of layers of ice.
00:15:29.62\00:15:32.79
Goodness.
00:15:32.83\00:15:34.16
And then they pull the core out
00:15:34.20\00:15:35.80
and then they take
the core to a laboratory
00:15:35.83\00:15:37.83
and they analyze
each year represented.
00:15:37.87\00:15:41.60
So it appears from these layers,
00:15:41.64\00:15:45.41
it appears that
there has been a hot age
00:15:45.44\00:15:48.98
and then a glacial age?
00:15:49.01\00:15:50.88
Right.
00:15:50.91\00:15:52.25
And so we have been
living in a period of stability
00:15:52.28\00:15:57.62
that has been the best
00:15:57.65\00:15:59.89
for the
development of civilization?
00:15:59.92\00:16:02.32
Well, in the
entire ice age cycle
00:16:02.36\00:16:04.69
there is only one interglacial
00:16:04.73\00:16:06.86
where you got climate stability.
00:16:06.90\00:16:08.90
And that's the one
we're in right now.
00:16:08.93\00:16:11.00
And when you
speak about fine tuning,
00:16:11.03\00:16:12.93
you're an expert
00:16:12.97\00:16:14.30
on the fine
tuning of the universe.
00:16:14.34\00:16:16.81
When I heard this, it
just about blew me away
00:16:16.84\00:16:18.94
because how can a
person see this fine tuning
00:16:18.97\00:16:23.55
and not believe in a fine tuner.
00:16:23.58\00:16:25.81
Right.
00:16:25.85\00:16:27.18
Tell me about,
00:16:27.22\00:16:28.55
we're getting a
little bit off this subject
00:16:28.58\00:16:29.92
but we're not, tell
me a little bit about
00:16:29.95\00:16:31.85
the fine tuning that is
found out in the cosmos,
00:16:31.89\00:16:34.42
in the universe?
00:16:34.46\00:16:35.79
Well, that's where it was
first noticed by my peers,
00:16:35.82\00:16:38.46
going back even 50, 60 years.
00:16:38.49\00:16:41.06
Then we look at the
universe, number one we see,
00:16:41.10\00:16:43.73
the universe must
be exactly the size
00:16:43.77\00:16:46.10
and the mass that it
is to get even one planet
00:16:46.13\00:16:49.40
on which life is possible.
00:16:49.44\00:16:50.81
The whole universe
exists to make earth possible.
00:16:50.84\00:16:53.81
This is almost overwhelming.
00:16:53.84\00:16:57.01
It's almost too hard to believe
but it is, it's true, isn't it?
00:16:57.05\00:17:00.62
It is.
00:17:00.65\00:17:01.98
And then tell me
about the fine tuning,
00:17:02.02\00:17:03.82
I've read most of your
books and they're great books.
00:17:03.85\00:17:09.39
Tell me about the
fine tuning of gravity
00:17:09.42\00:17:13.56
and dark matter and dark
energy and all this stuff?
00:17:13.60\00:17:16.00
Well, what we're writing
about in our most recent books
00:17:16.03\00:17:18.97
is the fact that the
fine tuning is ubiquitous.
00:17:19.00\00:17:22.44
Literally every
event in the history
00:17:22.47\00:17:24.57
of the universe,
earth, and earth's life
00:17:24.61\00:17:26.71
and every
component of the universe,
00:17:26.74\00:17:28.88
earth and earth's
life makes possible
00:17:28.91\00:17:31.71
the existence of
billions of human beings
00:17:31.75\00:17:34.42
in a narrow time
window here on planet earth.
00:17:34.45\00:17:37.55
As you see in the Bible,
00:17:37.59\00:17:39.35
God begins His work
00:17:39.39\00:17:40.72
of redemption
before He creates anything.
00:17:40.76\00:17:44.09
And what we're discovering
00:17:44.13\00:17:45.46
in our scientific
team at Reasons to Believe.
00:17:45.49\00:17:47.96
Everything we see in nature
00:17:48.00\00:17:49.76
serves a purpose
in making possible
00:17:49.80\00:17:52.53
the redemption of
billions of human beings.
00:17:52.57\00:17:54.34
It's not just the universe.
00:17:54.37\00:17:55.94
It's the earth, it's
every species of life
00:17:55.97\00:17:58.27
that has existed on
the earth, every event.
00:17:58.31\00:18:01.01
I mean that's
kinda what I'm writing
00:18:01.04\00:18:02.38
in Weather and Climate Change.
00:18:02.41\00:18:04.71
Every event in the
history of the earth
00:18:04.75\00:18:07.28
plays a role in opening up
00:18:07.32\00:18:09.08
this extraordinary window
00:18:09.12\00:18:11.12
in which
billions of us can exist.
00:18:11.15\00:18:13.22
I wanna
interrupt just for a moment
00:18:13.25\00:18:16.16
to talk to the audience
00:18:16.19\00:18:17.53
because I want
them to listen to this.
00:18:17.56\00:18:20.26
Everything in the universe,
00:18:20.30\00:18:24.03
gravity, dark matter,
00:18:24.07\00:18:26.60
dark energy, it's all fine tuned
00:18:26.63\00:18:28.60
to a trillionth of a
trillionth of a trillionth.
00:18:28.64\00:18:31.71
Well, change any of
the laws of physics.
00:18:31.74\00:18:33.91
Any of the constants that
govern the laws of physics
00:18:33.94\00:18:36.88
by something as
small as one part
00:18:36.91\00:18:38.81
in a quadrillion quadrillion
quadrillion quadrillion,
00:18:38.85\00:18:41.95
you and I wouldn't be here,
00:18:41.98\00:18:43.32
there wouldn't be any
life anywhere in the universe.
00:18:43.35\00:18:46.35
Moreover
everything we see for example,
00:18:46.39\00:18:48.99
every planet in our solar system
00:18:49.02\00:18:51.56
must be in the position,
00:18:51.59\00:18:52.93
the orbit and the mass
00:18:52.96\00:18:54.30
that it is to make
advanced civilization
00:18:54.33\00:18:56.83
possible here on earth.
00:18:56.87\00:18:58.20
Be kind to me.
00:18:58.23\00:19:01.80
How can a person, how
can a person be rational
00:19:01.84\00:19:06.17
and see that you've
got so much fine tuning,
00:19:06.21\00:19:08.48
not only on this planet
but out in the universe.
00:19:08.51\00:19:11.51
At the
commencement of the universe,
00:19:11.55\00:19:14.58
the moment when
creation occurred
00:19:14.62\00:19:17.29
and then you've got a
trillion things happening
00:19:17.32\00:19:20.72
and they're fine tuned to
a trillionth of a trillionth
00:19:20.76\00:19:23.26
of a trillionth of a trillionth.
00:19:23.29\00:19:24.73
Be kind to me, how
can a person see this
00:19:24.76\00:19:28.70
and deny the biblical
truth that in the beginning
00:19:28.73\00:19:32.17
God created the
heavens and the earth.
00:19:32.20\00:19:33.64
Well, what's changed
in scientific academia
00:19:33.67\00:19:36.64
is hyper specialization,
00:19:36.67\00:19:38.84
where 300 years ago
00:19:38.87\00:19:40.41
we had research
scientists that were integrating
00:19:40.44\00:19:43.01
all the scientific disciplines,
00:19:43.04\00:19:45.21
now in order to
be able to compete,
00:19:45.25\00:19:47.65
you have to narrowly focus.
00:19:47.68\00:19:49.68
When I was at
Caltech, I only had time
00:19:49.72\00:19:51.92
to research and
study what was going on
00:19:51.95\00:19:54.42
in high
frequency radio astronomy.
00:19:54.46\00:19:56.56
So you don't
get the big picture?
00:19:56.59\00:19:57.93
You don't get the big picture,
00:19:57.96\00:19:59.29
now you do see fine tuning
in your narrow sub-discipline
00:19:59.33\00:20:02.56
but a lot of my
scientist peers say,
00:20:02.60\00:20:04.50
well, it's in my
narrow sub discipline
00:20:04.53\00:20:06.94
but I don't think
it's anywhere else.
00:20:06.97\00:20:08.70
They haven't looked.
00:20:08.74\00:20:10.07
And that's why
we pull scientists
00:20:10.11\00:20:12.21
out of academia
00:20:12.24\00:20:13.64
and give them the freedom
00:20:13.68\00:20:15.21
to do interdisciplinary research
00:20:15.24\00:20:17.58
and show people,
scientists included,
00:20:17.61\00:20:20.35
this big picture, the
fine tuning is everywhere.
00:20:20.38\00:20:24.25
And it's all focused
00:20:24.29\00:20:25.92
on enabling
billions of human beings
00:20:25.95\00:20:28.62
to hear, understand,
00:20:28.66\00:20:29.99
and respond to
the gospel message.
00:20:30.03\00:20:31.59
And so, Dr. Ross,
00:20:31.63\00:20:32.96
the fine tuning of the universe,
00:20:32.99\00:20:35.56
in a billion different
ways out there in space
00:20:35.60\00:20:40.44
and the fine tuning that
is found on planet earth,
00:20:40.47\00:20:44.91
it seems to me to be
overwhelming evidence
00:20:44.94\00:20:48.31
that there must be fine tuner.
00:20:48.34\00:20:50.91
It is, that's one
reason on our website,
00:20:50.95\00:20:53.82
reason.org/finetuning,
you'll find a 300 page
00:20:53.85\00:20:58.49
compendium listing
just a tiny fraction
00:20:58.52\00:21:01.79
of the fine tuning evidence,
00:21:01.82\00:21:03.73
but we wanted
people to see you know,
00:21:03.76\00:21:05.66
it's not just
four or five factors,
00:21:05.69\00:21:07.96
there's thousands of factors
that had to be fine tuned.
00:21:08.00\00:21:10.80
So belief in God is not
00:21:10.83\00:21:14.44
an existential
leap into the dark?
00:21:14.47\00:21:17.17
It's not blind faith?
00:21:17.21\00:21:19.07
It's not but you got to
look at the evidence yourself.
00:21:19.11\00:21:22.08
So your faith is based
on an intelligent evidence?
00:21:22.11\00:21:26.98
Right, as the Bible
encourages that it must be.
00:21:27.02\00:21:29.65
A lot of people
don't understand this
00:21:29.68\00:21:31.12
or believe this.
00:21:31.15\00:21:32.85
Well, I mean the
whole Christian faith
00:21:32.89\00:21:34.96
is found on the fact
that God's revealed truth
00:21:34.99\00:21:37.26
through two
books, The Book of Nature
00:21:37.29\00:21:39.59
and The Book of Scripture.
00:21:39.63\00:21:40.96
But not all
Christians believe this.
00:21:41.00\00:21:42.76
I heard a young guy
in a big youth congress
00:21:42.80\00:21:46.07
get up and say,
00:21:46.10\00:21:47.57
I believe in the resurrection
just because of faith.
00:21:47.60\00:21:52.31
What's your evidence?
00:21:52.34\00:21:53.68
He said, "I don't
need any evidence."
00:21:53.71\00:21:55.04
That to me is a terrible staple
00:21:55.08\00:21:58.31
of anti-intellectualism.
00:21:58.35\00:22:01.45
Well, it's also a violation
00:22:01.48\00:22:03.02
of what the Bible
is saying about faith.
00:22:03.05\00:22:05.72
If you look up the Greek
and Hebrew words for faith
00:22:05.75\00:22:08.32
that are used in the Bible,
they all have the definition,
00:22:08.36\00:22:11.69
"Acting upon established truth."
00:22:11.73\00:22:15.00
You don't have faith
if you've taken no efforts
00:22:15.03\00:22:17.33
to establish
whether or not it's true.
00:22:17.37\00:22:19.57
You also have no
faith if you don't act on
00:22:19.60\00:22:21.44
what you know is true.
00:22:21.47\00:22:22.80
So faith is acting
upon established truths?
00:22:22.84\00:22:24.47
Established truths. Right.
00:22:24.51\00:22:26.37
Did you hear that, folks,
00:22:26.41\00:22:27.74
faith is acting
upon established truths.
00:22:27.78\00:22:31.35
So faith does
not supersede truth.
00:22:31.38\00:22:34.28
Faith is based
upon truth. Exactly.
00:22:34.32\00:22:36.69
And therefore when you do
00:22:36.72\00:22:38.69
and other
scientists do scientific work,
00:22:38.72\00:22:44.56
the aim is to discover truths,
00:22:44.59\00:22:49.40
whether it's truth
about global warming
00:22:49.43\00:22:51.73
or the melting of the Antarctic
00:22:51.77\00:22:53.97
or the Arctic or whatever it is,
00:22:54.00\00:22:56.04
it must in be harmony
with the statement of Jesus
00:22:56.07\00:22:58.54
who said, "You
will know the truth,
00:22:58.57\00:23:01.51
and the truth
will make you free."
00:23:01.54\00:23:04.15
Let me ask you this question.
00:23:04.18\00:23:07.48
Are the glaciers melting?
00:23:07.52\00:23:09.15
I was sent an article
from Australia not long ago,
00:23:09.18\00:23:12.95
I don't know if
I've got it here,
00:23:12.99\00:23:14.32
I can remember it anyhow
00:23:14.36\00:23:16.02
and it said that
all this business
00:23:16.06\00:23:18.76
that we've been told,
00:23:18.79\00:23:20.76
that the
glaciers are melting down
00:23:20.80\00:23:24.00
in the Antarctic is
not true and that the story
00:23:24.03\00:23:28.00
of the canary in the mine
00:23:28.04\00:23:31.24
which is a warning of
some impending disaster.
00:23:31.27\00:23:35.14
All of this is
basically hocus-pocus.
00:23:35.18\00:23:39.01
Well, there is
some validity to that.
00:23:39.05\00:23:41.08
It's not yet known whether
or not the ice in Antarctica
00:23:41.12\00:23:44.85
is accumulating or decreasing.
00:23:44.89\00:23:46.96
It's so... It may in
fact be accumulating.
00:23:46.99\00:23:49.16
That's still being researched.
00:23:49.19\00:23:51.06
What is well known is
that the ice in North America
00:23:51.09\00:23:54.63
and in Greenland
is rapidly declining.
00:23:54.66\00:23:56.87
Let's talk about
stuff down on the Antarctic.
00:23:56.90\00:24:00.00
So it's certainly not an
established truth that...
00:24:00.04\00:24:04.57
Well, we don't
have the extensive data
00:24:04.61\00:24:06.94
on the Antarctic that we
do in the northern hemisphere.
00:24:06.98\00:24:09.18
Why not?
00:24:09.21\00:24:10.55
Just because we don't
have enough stations there.
00:24:10.58\00:24:13.21
Yeah. It hasn't been done.
00:24:13.25\00:24:14.72
Well, lot's been done now,
00:24:14.75\00:24:16.52
means lot of the
satellite imagery
00:24:16.55\00:24:18.69
and so we know that,
00:24:18.72\00:24:20.06
you know that huge ice fields
00:24:20.09\00:24:21.42
are carving off of
Antarctica and melting
00:24:21.46\00:24:24.63
but evidently
new ice is forming.
00:24:24.66\00:24:27.03
There is attempts to try
00:24:27.06\00:24:28.40
and measure just what
the precipitation rate is.
00:24:28.43\00:24:31.37
But where we have
much more solid data
00:24:31.40\00:24:34.24
is what's
happening in Canada, Alaska,
00:24:34.27\00:24:36.91
and Greenland.
00:24:36.94\00:24:38.41
And there,
there's really no dispute.
00:24:38.44\00:24:41.31
The glaciers there are declining
00:24:41.34\00:24:43.08
and they're
declining quite rapidly.
00:24:43.11\00:24:45.41
And as I've written in my book,
00:24:45.45\00:24:47.12
this could actually
bring on the next ice age.
00:24:47.15\00:24:50.19
So...
00:24:50.22\00:24:51.55
Let's take this
one step at a time
00:24:51.59\00:24:53.09
so I'm not overwhelmed
with factual evidence
00:24:53.12\00:24:57.29
and so that my
wonderful audience
00:24:57.33\00:24:59.29
can also keep up.
00:24:59.33\00:25:01.13
So there's, we
don't know exactly
00:25:01.16\00:25:03.13
what's happening down
South in the Antarctic.
00:25:03.16\00:25:06.37
The evidence is not in.
00:25:06.40\00:25:08.54
But certainly the evidence
is in for Canada and Greenland
00:25:08.57\00:25:14.04
and the Arctic.
00:25:14.08\00:25:15.61
What's happening in
Canada...? You're a Canadian.
00:25:15.64\00:25:18.18
Well, Canada is
experiencing global warming
00:25:18.21\00:25:21.55
to a greater degree than
anywhere else in the world
00:25:21.58\00:25:23.82
and incidentally
there are some places
00:25:23.85\00:25:25.62
getting colder.
00:25:25.65\00:25:27.16
But Canada's
definitely getting warmer.
00:25:27.19\00:25:29.49
In fact global warming
in Canada is about 5 times
00:25:29.52\00:25:32.33
the global average.
00:25:32.36\00:25:33.70
Why is this?
00:25:33.73\00:25:35.06
Well, I mean, we talk about
the global mean temperature,
00:25:35.10\00:25:37.93
that's averaging
over the entire planet.
00:25:37.97\00:25:39.90
Yes.
00:25:39.93\00:25:41.27
And we would expect in
a global warming model,
00:25:41.30\00:25:43.54
certain parts of the
world are gonna get colder,
00:25:43.57\00:25:45.81
like Eastern Europe,
other parts like Canada
00:25:45.84\00:25:48.74
are gonna get warmer
and so it's the average
00:25:48.78\00:25:52.38
that where we
talk about the fact,
00:25:52.41\00:25:54.85
average over the whole
planet where it got about
00:25:54.88\00:25:56.82
a one degree
centigrade increase.
00:25:56.85\00:25:58.19
Yes.
00:25:58.22\00:25:59.55
So tell me specifically about
00:25:59.59\00:26:02.26
some of the things that
are happening in Canada?
00:26:02.29\00:26:05.46
Well... Which is
a beautiful place.
00:26:05.49\00:26:07.50
Yeah, I love it. It's
a beautiful place but...
00:26:07.53\00:26:10.47
Nice people. Very polite.
00:26:10.50\00:26:13.40
Yeah.
00:26:13.44\00:26:14.77
But what we've
seen in the ice age,
00:26:14.80\00:26:17.91
the ice cores in
Greenland and Antarctica,
00:26:17.94\00:26:21.04
is that every
time we get a warming
00:26:21.08\00:26:23.85
to an
interglacial like we've had
00:26:23.88\00:26:25.81
for the past 10,000 years.
00:26:25.85\00:26:27.85
Typically what happens is that
00:26:27.88\00:26:29.22
the temperature rises sharply
00:26:29.25\00:26:31.55
to about two to
three degree centigrade
00:26:31.59\00:26:33.66
above where we are now
00:26:33.69\00:26:35.29
and then we get a
rapid temperature drop
00:26:35.32\00:26:38.06
where you go
into a long ice age.
00:26:38.09\00:26:40.23
We now
understand why that happens.
00:26:40.26\00:26:43.16
It happens because
as the temperature peaks
00:26:43.20\00:26:45.80
above where it is now,
it melts the polar ice cap.
00:26:45.83\00:26:50.11
Now the polar ice
caps reflects sunlight
00:26:50.14\00:26:53.07
with about 60% efficiency,
00:26:53.11\00:26:55.58
but when it melts,
00:26:55.61\00:26:57.38
that open liquid ocean water
in the Arctic reflects sunlight
00:26:57.41\00:27:01.12
with only 6% efficiency.
00:27:01.15\00:27:03.28
Well, then it should
get hotter, shouldn't it?
00:27:03.32\00:27:04.95
But what happens is,
00:27:04.99\00:27:06.32
it evaporates that
open Arctic Ocean water.
00:27:06.35\00:27:09.66
Now you got more water
vapor above the Arctic,
00:27:09.69\00:27:12.86
and that causes snow to
fall on Siberia and Canada
00:27:12.89\00:27:17.00
and that's what
brings on the next ice age.
00:27:17.03\00:27:20.10
And so global
warming actually has the risk
00:27:20.14\00:27:23.00
that if you allow
the global warming
00:27:23.04\00:27:24.94
to persist to about
two degree centigrade
00:27:24.97\00:27:27.78
above where we are now,
00:27:27.81\00:27:29.54
you could melt
the polar ice cap,
00:27:29.58\00:27:31.41
and drop the
temperature by 10-15 degrees.
00:27:31.45\00:27:33.98
Now, Dr Ross,
we're gonna continue this
00:27:34.02\00:27:36.18
in the next session.
00:27:36.22\00:27:37.82
We're talking
about global warming,
00:27:37.85\00:27:40.99
and we're going to
talk in the next segment
00:27:41.02\00:27:43.69
about a Bible
prophecy that maybe alludes
00:27:43.73\00:27:47.83
to man's interference
with the laws of nature.
00:27:47.86\00:27:52.17
You're watching
The Carter Report
00:27:52.20\00:27:54.37
and my guest today is
00:27:54.40\00:27:56.50
world famous
scientist Dr. Hugh Ross.
00:27:56.54\00:28:01.21
Stay with us, we're
gonna have another part
00:28:01.24\00:28:03.78
of this tremendous program,
and we will be back soon.
00:28:03.81\00:28:09.55
For a copy of today's
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00:28:20.96\00:28:24.17
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00:28:24.20\00:28:26.47
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00:28:26.50\00:28:30.54
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00:28:33.31\00:28:36.51
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00:28:36.54\00:28:40.08
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00:28:47.96\00:28:49.59