- Today, we're gonna tackle the last in our series 00:00:01.33\00:00:02.96 on the four gospels and we're about to move 00:00:02.96\00:00:05.03 into some really profound territory. 00:00:05.03\00:00:07.87 So go get a Bible and buckle up 00:00:07.87\00:00:09.87 because it's time to get started. 00:00:09.87\00:00:12.14 [gentle music] 00:00:12.14\00:00:14.81 We've been looking at the ancient records 00:00:33.26\00:00:35.30 of the life and teachings of Jesus, 00:00:35.30\00:00:36.87 which are of course, the four gospel accounts that you find 00:00:36.87\00:00:39.00 at the beginning of the New Testament, 00:00:39.00\00:00:40.87 Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. 00:00:40.87\00:00:43.51 And today, we're gonna wrap up that brief study 00:00:43.51\00:00:46.34 by looking at the fourth gospel, 00:00:46.34\00:00:48.61 the gospel according to John. 00:00:48.61\00:00:50.71 And it's a record that is substantially different 00:00:50.71\00:00:53.42 from the other three. 00:00:53.42\00:00:54.95 In fact, scholars refer to Matthew, Mark, and Luke 00:00:54.95\00:00:57.72 as the synoptic gospels. 00:00:57.72\00:00:59.72 A word that literally means to see together 00:00:59.72\00:01:02.89 because while each of those books obviously 00:01:02.89\00:01:05.33 has its own emphasis, its own flavor, 00:01:05.33\00:01:08.00 they basically follow the same outline 00:01:08.00\00:01:10.73 and cover a lot of the same ground. 00:01:10.73\00:01:13.47 But then when you get to John, 00:01:13.47\00:01:14.90 things are suddenly different. 00:01:14.90\00:01:16.30 It's got a completely different feel, 00:01:16.30\00:01:18.64 a completely different structure. 00:01:18.64\00:01:21.21 Where the other three gospels begin 00:01:21.21\00:01:22.81 with some kind of life event like a birth or a baptism, 00:01:22.81\00:01:26.65 John begins his account by stretching all the way back 00:01:26.65\00:01:29.88 to the origin of the universe itself, 00:01:29.88\00:01:32.62 using language clearly designed to remind you 00:01:32.62\00:01:35.32 of the book of Genesis. 00:01:35.32\00:01:37.06 Now, I'm sure you're probably familiar with it, 00:01:37.06\00:01:39.29 but let me read just a few verses to show you what I mean. 00:01:39.29\00:01:41.33 This is talking about Jesus and it uses the expression, 00:01:41.33\00:01:46.17 the word to describe him. 00:01:46.17\00:01:48.27 It says, "In the beginning was the Word 00:01:48.27\00:01:51.57 and the Word was with God, and the word was God. 00:01:51.57\00:01:54.68 He was in the beginning with God. 00:01:54.68\00:01:56.71 All things were made through Him and without Him, 00:01:56.71\00:01:59.31 nothing was made that was made. 00:01:59.31\00:02:01.72 In Him was life and the life was the light of men. 00:02:01.72\00:02:04.35 And the light shines in the darkness 00:02:04.35\00:02:06.19 and the darkness did not comprehend it." 00:02:06.19\00:02:09.62 As we looked at the other gospels, 00:02:09.62\00:02:11.39 we saw that the ancient Christians compared each of them 00:02:11.39\00:02:14.20 to the four faces of the Cherubim. 00:02:14.20\00:02:16.36 The lion, the ox, the man and the eagle 00:02:16.36\00:02:18.77 because of the way the style and the central themes 00:02:18.77\00:02:22.04 of each of the books fit so neatly with those symbols, 00:02:22.04\00:02:26.04 Matthew emphasized Jesus as the lion 00:02:26.04\00:02:28.18 of the tribe of Judah or the son of David. 00:02:28.18\00:02:31.45 Mark was underlining Jesus as a patient servant like an ox. 00:02:31.45\00:02:35.95 Luke who was writing for Gentiles, 00:02:35.95\00:02:38.39 takes us through a study of Jesus as the Son of man. 00:02:38.39\00:02:42.22 And each of those three gospels tended to stress 00:02:42.22\00:02:45.26 horizontal relationships. 00:02:45.26\00:02:47.56 Showing us how Jesus related to us, his fellow human beings. 00:02:47.56\00:02:51.47 But now when we get to John, 00:02:51.47\00:02:53.00 we see a distinctly vertical relationship that opens up 00:02:53.00\00:02:56.17 a line between heaven and earth. 00:02:56.17\00:02:58.27 Now we're looking at at Jesus, the son of God, 00:02:58.27\00:03:01.44 and what John does right out of the gate 00:03:01.44\00:03:03.35 is underline the deity of Christ. 00:03:03.35\00:03:06.15 This is not just a great teacher or a kind man 00:03:06.15\00:03:09.78 or a wise philosopher. 00:03:09.78\00:03:11.52 This is the creator himself in human flesh. 00:03:11.52\00:03:15.89 And it seems that back in the first century, 00:03:15.89\00:03:18.23 during the time when the Christian Church was brand new 00:03:18.23\00:03:20.70 and spreading like wildfire, 00:03:20.70\00:03:22.46 there were already people challenging the notion 00:03:22.46\00:03:24.93 that Jesus was God in human flesh. 00:03:24.93\00:03:27.87 And that challenge still persists to this day. 00:03:27.87\00:03:30.87 I sometimes still hear critics suggesting that the deity 00:03:30.87\00:03:34.78 of Christ was some kind of fourth century invention 00:03:34.78\00:03:37.78 that made its way into the church after Constantine 00:03:37.78\00:03:41.38 in the Council of Nicaea but it's simply not true. 00:03:41.38\00:03:46.05 The critics of Jesus' deity stretch back 00:03:46.05\00:03:48.36 a couple of centuries before Nicaea. 00:03:48.36\00:03:50.99 And if the idea was invented later in the fourth century, 00:03:50.99\00:03:53.86 you've got to wonder what those early critics 00:03:53.86\00:03:56.23 were arguing against if the church 00:03:56.23\00:03:58.10 wasn't already teaching Christ's divinity. 00:03:58.10\00:04:01.64 The biggest problem emerged in a group 00:04:02.80\00:04:04.44 we now know as the Naztecs. 00:04:04.44\00:04:06.74 These were people largely influenced 00:04:06.74\00:04:08.64 by the major centers of learning in North Africa. 00:04:08.64\00:04:11.81 People who managed to synthesize the teachings 00:04:11.81\00:04:14.38 of pagan mystery schools with the teachings of the Bible. 00:04:14.38\00:04:18.52 In reality, that was happening long before the birth 00:04:18.52\00:04:21.29 of the Christian Church because some Jewish scholars 00:04:21.29\00:04:24.96 living in Alexandria tried to demonstrate that their beliefs 00:04:24.96\00:04:29.03 were somehow compatible with the teachings 00:04:29.03\00:04:31.47 of Greek philosophers. 00:04:31.47\00:04:32.70 And this created a bit of a problem 00:04:32.70\00:04:34.64 because the Hebrew scriptures emphasized 00:04:34.64\00:04:37.34 a good and material creation made by a supreme God. 00:04:37.34\00:04:42.01 The Greeks, as we've studied in the past 00:04:42.01\00:04:44.25 couldn't accept that because they believe 00:04:44.25\00:04:47.32 that the material physical world is some kind of mistake. 00:04:47.32\00:04:50.95 It couldn't possibly be the work of a supreme God 00:04:50.95\00:04:54.92 and some lesser deity must have made it. 00:04:54.92\00:04:58.06 Now Naztecs Christians followed in their footsteps 00:04:58.06\00:05:00.70 and subscribed to that kind of Greek cosmology. 00:05:00.70\00:05:04.20 And that led to all sorts of confusing questions 00:05:04.20\00:05:07.00 about who Jesus was supposed to be. 00:05:07.00\00:05:09.90 As far as the Naztecs were concerned, 00:05:09.90\00:05:11.71 he couldn't possibly be God, 00:05:11.71\00:05:14.01 not if he was a real human being. 00:05:14.01\00:05:16.64 Because a physical existence would be so far beneath God, 00:05:16.64\00:05:20.68 he would never do it. 00:05:20.68\00:05:22.28 So instead, some of them insisted that Jesus 00:05:22.28\00:05:25.25 was simply a man who had special privileges or abilities, 00:05:25.25\00:05:29.26 but he was still just a man. 00:05:29.26\00:05:32.13 Or the other story that some of them came up with 00:05:32.13\00:05:35.56 was to say that Jesus only appeared to be human, 00:05:35.56\00:05:38.83 that it was just an illusion designed 00:05:38.83\00:05:40.74 to help us relate to him. 00:05:40.74\00:05:42.80 Now, if you read the writings 00:05:43.77\00:05:45.11 of an early church father named Irenaeus, 00:05:45.11\00:05:47.31 a man who was born not too long after John the Apostle died, 00:05:47.31\00:05:51.71 you discover that much of the early church believed 00:05:51.71\00:05:53.78 that John wrote his gospel to counteract 00:05:53.78\00:05:57.02 early photonastic heretics. 00:05:57.02\00:05:59.45 Because their ideas were starting to worm their way 00:05:59.45\00:06:02.22 into the church by the end of the first century. 00:06:02.22\00:06:05.26 In particular, there was a troublesome teacher 00:06:05.26\00:06:07.23 named Cerinthus who insisted, like the Naztecs did later, 00:06:07.23\00:06:11.40 that a supreme God could have never made the physical world. 00:06:11.40\00:06:15.07 So Jesus, he said, was just a human being. 00:06:15.07\00:06:17.41 The literal biological son of Joseph and Mary. 00:06:17.41\00:06:20.38 What made Jesus special, Cerinthus taught, 00:06:20.38\00:06:23.11 was the fact that the Holy Spirit descended 00:06:23.11\00:06:26.38 on him at his baptism. 00:06:26.38\00:06:27.62 But then he said the Spirit left again 00:06:27.62\00:06:29.12 the moment Jesus was crucified. 00:06:29.12\00:06:31.49 So I guess you could say that Cerinthus 00:06:31.49\00:06:33.09 was teaching that during his ministry 00:06:33.09\00:06:35.46 and only during his ministry, 00:06:35.46\00:06:37.39 Jesus was some kind of a supercharged human being, 00:06:37.39\00:06:40.73 but still just a human being. 00:06:40.73\00:06:43.40 So here's what we have from Irenaeus 00:06:43.40\00:06:45.67 is he explains why the gospel of John was written. 00:06:45.67\00:06:49.27 This comes from an early apologetic work 00:06:49.27\00:06:51.51 known as "Against Heresies" and this is what he writes. 00:06:51.51\00:06:55.18 He says, "John, the disciple of the Lord 00:06:55.18\00:06:58.05 preaches this faith." 00:06:58.05\00:06:59.75 So he's talking about the Orthodox Christian faith here. 00:06:59.75\00:07:03.28 And seeks, by the proclamation of the gospel, 00:07:03.28\00:07:06.29 to remove that error, 00:07:06.29\00:07:07.76 which by Cerinthus had been disseminated among men. 00:07:07.76\00:07:10.79 And a long time previously by those termed Nicolaitans." 00:07:10.79\00:07:15.40 You'll find those people mentioned 00:07:15.40\00:07:16.77 over in the Book of Revelation. 00:07:16.77\00:07:18.43 "Who are an offset of that knowledge, 00:07:18.43\00:07:21.30 falsely so called." 00:07:21.30\00:07:23.57 So let me push the pause button for just a moment 00:07:23.57\00:07:25.77 and explain that. 00:07:25.77\00:07:27.34 The word Naztec is derived from the Greek word, gnosis 00:07:27.34\00:07:30.01 the word for knowledge. 00:07:30.01\00:07:31.85 And the Naztecs believed that they were members 00:07:31.85\00:07:33.92 of an intellectual elite that had special knowledge 00:07:33.92\00:07:36.89 about the nature of the universe. 00:07:36.89\00:07:39.09 Let's continue. 00:07:39.09\00:07:40.59 "Who are an offset of that knowledge falsely so called. 00:07:40.59\00:07:44.16 That he might confound them and persuade them 00:07:44.16\00:07:46.36 that there is but one God who made all things by His word 00:07:46.36\00:07:49.76 and not as they allege that the Creator was one 00:07:49.76\00:07:52.80 but the father of the Lord another 00:07:52.80\00:07:54.67 and that the son of the creator was forsooth, one, 00:07:54.67\00:07:57.87 but the Christ from above another." 00:07:57.87\00:08:00.41 You see, the Naztecs believed that the supreme God 00:08:00.41\00:08:03.18 is so far removed from our imperfect material universe 00:08:03.18\00:08:06.51 that there must have been lesser deities, 00:08:06.51\00:08:09.35 emanations from the supreme God 00:08:09.35\00:08:11.22 who did a bad, bad job of creating this world. 00:08:11.22\00:08:14.89 But what John does with his gospel is confront that idea 00:08:16.36\00:08:18.73 right out of the gate. 00:08:18.73\00:08:20.13 Jesus the man is not only the son of God, 00:08:20.13\00:08:22.76 but is the creator. 00:08:22.76\00:08:24.23 "All things were made through him and without him, 00:08:24.23\00:08:26.80 nothing was made that was made." 00:08:26.80\00:08:29.74 All right, we do have to take a really quick break right now 00:08:29.74\00:08:32.51 and you'll probably want to take advantage of the resources 00:08:32.51\00:08:35.21 that the Voice of Prophecy is about to offer you. 00:08:35.21\00:08:38.38 But then we'll come right back and unpack 00:08:38.38\00:08:40.78 this somewhat mind-blowing gospel. 00:08:40.78\00:08:43.52 - [Announcer] Dragons, beasts, cryptic statues. 00:08:46.76\00:08:51.36 Bible prophecy can be incredibly vivid and confusing. 00:08:51.36\00:08:54.30 If you've ever read Daniel or Revelation and come away 00:08:54.30\00:08:58.67 scratching your head, you are not alone. 00:08:58.67\00:09:01.17 Our free focus on prophecy guides are designed to help you 00:09:01.17\00:09:04.64 unlock the mysteries of the Bible and deepen 00:09:04.64\00:09:07.01 your understanding of God's plan for you and our world. 00:09:07.01\00:09:10.41 Study online or request them by mail 00:09:10.41\00:09:12.85 and start bringing prophecy into focus today. 00:09:12.85\00:09:16.45 - I think the incarnation of Christ might be one 00:09:16.45\00:09:18.89 of the hardest concepts 00:09:18.89\00:09:20.29 that human beings have to grapple with 00:09:20.29\00:09:22.56 when they first approach the teachings of Christianity. 00:09:22.56\00:09:25.59 How in the world can somebody be fully God and fully man 00:09:25.59\00:09:30.53 at the very same time? 00:09:30.53\00:09:32.50 How can the creator of heaven and earth possibly condescend 00:09:32.50\00:09:35.97 to become one of us? 00:09:35.97\00:09:37.87 It's a subject that frankly stretches the very limits 00:09:37.87\00:09:40.91 of our thinking. 00:09:40.91\00:09:41.88 And because it seems so foreign, 00:09:41.88\00:09:44.31 a lot of people give up and they adopt 00:09:44.31\00:09:46.48 some kind of alternate theory. 00:09:46.48\00:09:48.35 Perhaps Jesus was just another ascended master 00:09:48.35\00:09:51.35 or some kind of special teacher or prophet who belongs 00:09:51.35\00:09:55.29 in a lineup with the other great religious leaders. 00:09:55.29\00:09:58.76 The list of alternatives we've come up with 00:09:58.76\00:10:00.60 is nearly endless, and you might be able to sustain 00:10:00.60\00:10:03.97 some of those theories in the first three gospels 00:10:03.97\00:10:07.47 if you read them selectively. 00:10:07.47\00:10:10.47 But the gospel of John 00:10:10.47\00:10:11.74 doesn't really give you any wiggle room. 00:10:11.74\00:10:14.01 It begins with a full on assault against the people 00:10:14.01\00:10:17.01 who believe that Jesus was only human. 00:10:17.01\00:10:20.32 And maybe one of the trickier things we find 00:10:20.32\00:10:22.48 in John's opening salvo is this concept of Jesus 00:10:22.48\00:10:26.22 as the word. 00:10:26.22\00:10:28.06 It's an English translation of the Greek word logos, 00:10:28.06\00:10:31.53 which you still find appended 00:10:31.53\00:10:33.06 to a lot of academic English words like biology or geology. 00:10:33.06\00:10:37.97 That ology at the end of those words 00:10:39.20\00:10:41.87 is the Greek word logos. 00:10:41.87\00:10:43.61 It's also the root for the English word logic, 00:10:43.61\00:10:46.91 which is the study of rational principles. 00:10:46.91\00:10:49.74 And to the Greeks, 00:10:49.74\00:10:51.21 the logos was the underlying logic of the universe, 00:10:51.21\00:10:55.52 the universal principle that causes everything 00:10:55.52\00:10:58.92 and holds everything together. 00:10:58.92\00:11:01.49 So for example, 00:11:01.49\00:11:02.99 there was a notable Greek thinker named Heraclitus 00:11:02.99\00:11:05.59 who lived about 500 years before Christ. 00:11:05.59\00:11:09.13 And he taught that the universe was made of fire. 00:11:09.13\00:11:12.37 Why? 00:11:12.37\00:11:13.77 Well, because the universe is always changing 00:11:13.77\00:11:15.37 just like the flames of a campfire. 00:11:15.37\00:11:17.67 But underneath that constant change, 00:11:17.67\00:11:19.77 we find never-changing principles in a universal law 00:11:19.77\00:11:23.18 that holds the universe together. 00:11:23.18\00:11:25.78 That universal law, Heraclitus said, is the logos. 00:11:25.78\00:11:29.68 A divine wisdom that directs the course of nature. 00:11:29.68\00:11:33.39 The stoics who came along a couple hundred years after that 00:11:33.39\00:11:37.23 thought something similar. 00:11:37.23\00:11:38.59 The universe is made of fire and someday, 00:11:38.59\00:11:40.70 it's going to end in a huge apocalyptic disaster. 00:11:40.70\00:11:44.70 Everything's just going to burn up. 00:11:44.70\00:11:47.27 But in the meantime, the divine logos, 00:11:47.27\00:11:49.67 the principle behind the fire organizes 00:11:49.67\00:11:52.81 the physical world around us, 00:11:52.81\00:11:54.11 taking on the forms of the things you see. 00:11:54.11\00:11:57.08 All of us, the stoics thought, 00:11:57.08\00:11:58.58 are just sparks that leap from the divine fire. 00:11:58.58\00:12:01.28 And eventually one day, we will leave our physical bodies 00:12:01.28\00:12:04.55 and go back to the fire. 00:12:04.55\00:12:06.86 It was kind of a version of pantheism, 00:12:06.86\00:12:09.46 which teaches that God is in everything 00:12:09.46\00:12:11.49 and everything is God. 00:12:11.49\00:12:13.66 But what these Greek thinkers never ever did was to say 00:12:13.66\00:12:17.97 that the logos became a man, 00:12:17.97\00:12:20.00 that this divine power behind the universe 00:12:20.00\00:12:22.20 became a specific human being 00:12:22.20\00:12:24.74 at a specific moment in human history. 00:12:24.74\00:12:27.94 So that is exactly where John part's company 00:12:27.94\00:12:31.08 with the Greek philosophers. 00:12:31.08\00:12:32.91 Jesus is the logos. 00:12:32.91\00:12:35.25 The divine wisdom that created the universe and provides 00:12:35.25\00:12:38.52 the gift of life and he was born as a real human being. 00:12:38.52\00:12:43.53 It's a thought that demands so much from our intellect 00:12:44.96\00:12:47.50 that's it's hard to believe that somebody 00:12:47.50\00:12:49.00 was just making that up in order to write a good story. 00:12:49.00\00:12:52.80 Greek mythology had half-human deities like Hercules, 00:12:52.80\00:12:56.91 but they would never put the infinite God in a human body. 00:12:56.91\00:13:00.88 Other religions had great prophets 00:13:00.88\00:13:02.58 who were guided by God or by the gods, 00:13:02.58\00:13:05.75 but they didn't dare suggest that these prophets 00:13:05.75\00:13:08.38 were God himself. 00:13:08.38\00:13:10.09 Pagan kings from Egypt to Babylon were said to be members 00:13:10.09\00:13:13.79 of the pantheon with divine attributes, 00:13:13.79\00:13:16.76 but they were never the supreme creator of the universe. 00:13:16.76\00:13:20.80 So with Jesus, a man who never occupied a worldly throne, 00:13:20.80\00:13:24.47 we suddenly have this surprising claim that he is fully God 00:13:24.47\00:13:28.74 and fully man at the very same time. 00:13:28.74\00:13:31.31 This humble son of a carpenter is God in human flesh. 00:13:31.31\00:13:35.68 This is precisely where the people who love to say 00:13:35.68\00:13:38.78 that Jesus is nothing but a fictitious rehash 00:13:38.78\00:13:41.78 of ancient mythology run into trouble. 00:13:41.78\00:13:45.15 I've heard people say that Jesus is nothing 00:13:45.15\00:13:47.46 but a retelling of the sun God, Apollo. 00:13:47.46\00:13:49.62 And I've seen other people suggest that the story of Jesus 00:13:49.62\00:13:52.49 as we find it in the Bible is nothing but a rehash 00:13:52.49\00:13:56.20 of the story of the Egyptian god, Horus. 00:13:56.20\00:13:59.30 And I suppose at first blush, 00:13:59.30\00:14:01.60 it almost looks like these people have a point. 00:14:01.60\00:14:04.34 After the rise of Constantine, 00:14:04.34\00:14:06.27 when the Roman states started to blend with the church, 00:14:06.27\00:14:09.54 all kinds of pagan myths and ideas started to make their way 00:14:09.54\00:14:12.98 into the Christian Church. 00:14:12.98\00:14:14.78 So yes, it's easy to find ancient pagan icons 00:14:14.78\00:14:19.19 on display in churches in Europe. 00:14:19.19\00:14:22.26 Because there was a deliberate merging of the church 00:14:22.26\00:14:24.89 with the pagan Roman empire and there was a degree 00:14:24.89\00:14:28.20 of cross-pollination. 00:14:28.20\00:14:30.17 For example, you'll often see halos over the heads 00:14:30.17\00:14:33.57 of important Christian characters 00:14:33.57\00:14:35.14 in order to emphasize their sanctity, 00:14:35.14\00:14:38.07 and that was an idea that was borrowed from the pagans 00:14:38.07\00:14:42.31 who occasionally put sunbursts over the heads 00:14:42.31\00:14:45.15 of some of their gods. 00:14:45.15\00:14:46.85 If you go to a more traditional church, 00:14:46.85\00:14:49.72 one that uses old liturgies and orders of service, 00:14:49.72\00:14:53.15 you will find elements in the worship service that date 00:14:53.15\00:14:56.09 all the way back to the earliest centuries of the faith. 00:14:56.09\00:14:59.79 Some of those were borrowed from Jewish synagogues, 00:14:59.79\00:15:03.06 but others were borrowed from ancient Greek mystery schools 00:15:03.06\00:15:06.47 who loved good purification rituals. 00:15:06.47\00:15:10.21 But for the most part, 00:15:10.21\00:15:11.54 most of the pagan artifacts 00:15:11.54\00:15:13.68 we find in Christian imagery are harmless. 00:15:13.68\00:15:16.21 They don't really matter. 00:15:16.21\00:15:18.65 Now, personally, 00:15:18.65\00:15:20.12 I do think there are a few things we might wanna run past 00:15:20.12\00:15:22.78 the Bible to see if we're doing things literally 00:15:22.78\00:15:25.12 by the book, but that would be another topic 00:15:25.12\00:15:27.69 for another day. 00:15:27.69\00:15:29.29 There's just little doubt that particularly 00:15:29.29\00:15:31.83 after the fourth century, 00:15:31.83\00:15:33.60 there was a bit of tradition blending that did take place. 00:15:33.60\00:15:37.37 And that makes rich fodder for people who want to say 00:15:37.37\00:15:40.47 that Jesus was nothing but an extension of pagan mythology. 00:15:40.47\00:15:45.27 Yet, when you read the opening verses of John's gospel, 00:15:45.27\00:15:49.14 it becomes immediately obvious 00:15:49.14\00:15:52.35 that this can't possibly be true. 00:15:52.35\00:15:54.82 The Jesus in these opening verses is not presented 00:15:54.82\00:15:57.45 as being somehow parallel with Greek mythology. 00:15:57.45\00:16:00.99 Instead, John places him in stark contrast 00:16:00.99\00:16:03.86 to the gods of Mount Olympus. 00:16:03.86\00:16:05.69 This man that John describes as a physical incarnation 00:16:05.69\00:16:10.27 of the creator of the universe. 00:16:10.27\00:16:12.53 And from that point forward, 00:16:12.53\00:16:14.27 John sets out to prove this by tracking the life of Jesus 00:16:14.27\00:16:17.57 in a way that produces this big sense of urgency. 00:16:17.57\00:16:21.51 There's this never ending clock that ticks away 00:16:21.51\00:16:24.58 in the background of the story in John. 00:16:24.58\00:16:27.12 At least seven times, 00:16:27.12\00:16:29.12 John directly mentions the approaching hour of Jesus' 00:16:29.12\00:16:33.12 death. We get a glimpse of what God looks like by following 00:16:33.12\00:16:37.79 Jesus, but it happens under the pressing shadow 00:16:37.79\00:16:40.13 of something horrible. 00:16:40.13\00:16:41.86 Our selfish natures and our hatred for God 00:16:41.86\00:16:44.90 are shortly gonna put Jesus to death 00:16:44.90\00:16:46.87 in the most shameful way imaginable. 00:16:46.87\00:16:50.37 This story is God expressing his profound love for us, 00:16:50.37\00:16:54.04 but at the same time, it reveals our profound wickedness 00:16:54.04\00:16:58.71 because we want it to murder the creator. 00:16:58.71\00:17:01.88 I often hear people talk about the Bible 00:17:03.08\00:17:04.75 as if it's a simple fairytale that doesn't have much 00:17:04.75\00:17:07.86 to offer 21st century thinkers. 00:17:07.86\00:17:10.63 But I know for sure that people who suggest such things 00:17:10.63\00:17:13.53 have never honestly wrestled with the gospel of John 00:17:13.53\00:17:16.46 because I'll tell you, there's nothing simple about it. 00:17:16.46\00:17:20.10 It explores the deepest and most important questions 00:17:20.10\00:17:23.37 ever asked from human origins and consciousness 00:17:23.37\00:17:26.91 and the meaning of life and the problem of evil. 00:17:26.91\00:17:30.05 It's not the kind of book you can read in a single setting 00:17:30.05\00:17:32.68 and hope to understand completely. 00:17:32.68\00:17:34.98 In fact, the concepts are so lofty 00:17:34.98\00:17:38.32 that the ancient description of John's gospel 00:17:38.32\00:17:40.52 as an eagle makes really good sense. 00:17:40.52\00:17:43.83 His is a book that will carry you far above the surface 00:17:43.83\00:17:47.40 of the earth and give you a glimpse of this world 00:17:47.40\00:17:50.00 as you've never seen it before. 00:17:50.00\00:17:52.20 And at the same time, it gives you a peek behind the curtain 00:17:52.20\00:17:55.54 of the universe so you can catch a glimpse of God himself. 00:17:55.54\00:17:59.57 In fact, there's a dramatic scene you find in John's gospel 00:18:01.04\00:18:03.45 over in chapter eight, that underlines this. 00:18:03.45\00:18:06.48 And it's a scene 00:18:06.48\00:18:07.68 that isn't found in the other three gospels. 00:18:07.68\00:18:09.88 Jesus is discussing his mission 00:18:09.88\00:18:11.62 with the religious authorities 00:18:11.62\00:18:13.05 who were having trouble accepting that he had any kind 00:18:13.05\00:18:15.99 of spiritual validity. 00:18:15.99\00:18:17.79 And at one point, he tells them, 00:18:17.79\00:18:20.16 much to the chagrin, that they cannot claim 00:18:20.16\00:18:22.96 to be descendants of Abraham unless they relate to God 00:18:22.96\00:18:26.17 the way that Abraham did. 00:18:26.17\00:18:28.00 And that's through faith. 00:18:28.00\00:18:29.90 And then Jesus tells them that instead of having God 00:18:29.90\00:18:32.81 for a father, they have the devil for a father. 00:18:32.81\00:18:36.14 Let me read just a bit of this. 00:18:36.14\00:18:37.28 This is John 8:42. 00:18:37.28\00:18:39.58 It says, "Jesus said to them, 'If God were your father, 00:18:39.58\00:18:43.08 you would love me for I proceeded forth and came from 00:18:43.08\00:18:46.72 God. Nor have I come of myself, but he sent me, 00:18:46.72\00:18:49.46 why do you not understand my speech? 00:18:49.46\00:18:51.66 Because you are not able to listen to my word. 00:18:51.66\00:18:54.66 You are of your father, the devil 00:18:54.66\00:18:56.40 and the desires of your father you want to do. 00:18:56.40\00:18:59.77 He was a murderer from the beginning and does not stand 00:18:59.77\00:19:02.70 in the truth because there is no truth in him. 00:19:02.70\00:19:05.24 When he speaks a lie, 00:19:05.24\00:19:06.71 he speaks from his own resources for he is a liar 00:19:06.71\00:19:09.08 and the father of it. 00:19:09.08\00:19:10.58 But because I tell the truth, you do not believe me." 00:19:10.58\00:19:15.02 Pretty heavy stuff. 00:19:15.88\00:19:17.32 And now it's time to take another break. 00:19:17.32\00:19:19.69 So don't you go away. 00:19:19.69\00:19:21.09 I'll be right back with the rest of the story. 00:19:21.09\00:19:23.69 - [Announcer] Here at the Voice of Prophecy, 00:19:26.93\00:19:28.36 we're committed to creating top quality programming 00:19:28.36\00:19:30.80 for the whole family. 00:19:30.80\00:19:32.27 Like our audio adventure series, Discovery Mountain. 00:19:32.27\00:19:35.44 Discovery Mountain is a bible-based program 00:19:35.44\00:19:37.91 for kids of all ages and backgrounds. 00:19:37.91\00:19:40.24 Your family will enjoy the faith building stories 00:19:40.24\00:19:43.01 from this small mountain summer camp pen town 00:19:43.01\00:19:45.88 with 24 seasonal episodes every year 00:19:45.88\00:19:47.72 and fresh content every week. 00:19:47.72\00:19:50.55 There's always a new adventure just on the horizon. 00:19:50.55\00:19:53.69 - Okay, just before the break, 00:19:56.99\00:19:58.33 we were in John chapter eight where Jesus tells 00:19:58.33\00:20:00.76 the religious authorities that the devil is the real father. 00:20:00.76\00:20:05.07 And of course, his critics return the favor by suggesting 00:20:05.07\00:20:08.64 that Jesus is an unclean Samaritan possessed by a demon. 00:20:08.64\00:20:12.77 Let's pick it up now in verse 49. 00:20:12.77\00:20:15.18 "Jesus answered, 'I do not have a demon. 00:20:15.18\00:20:18.21 But I honor my father and you dishonor me. 00:20:18.21\00:20:20.75 And I do not seek my own glory. 00:20:20.75\00:20:22.82 There is one who seeks and judges. 00:20:22.82\00:20:25.19 Most assuredly I say to you, 00:20:25.19\00:20:27.22 if anyone keeps my word, he shall never see death.'" 00:20:27.22\00:20:31.43 Now, don't forget the gospel of John opens 00:20:31.43\00:20:33.66 with Jesus as creator and the source of all life. 00:20:33.66\00:20:36.80 So this is really a declaration of his deity. 00:20:36.80\00:20:39.77 He's telling these people that he possesses 00:20:39.77\00:20:41.90 the very gift of life. 00:20:41.90\00:20:43.97 Now, listen to their response. 00:20:43.97\00:20:46.57 "Then the Jews said to him, 00:20:46.57\00:20:47.91 'Now we know that you have a demon. 00:20:47.91\00:20:50.65 Abraham is dead and the prophets. 00:20:50.65\00:20:53.11 And you say, if anyone keeps my word, 00:20:53.11\00:20:54.85 he shall never taste death. 00:20:54.85\00:20:56.38 Are you greater than our father Abraham who is dead 00:20:56.38\00:20:59.72 and the prophets are dead? 00:20:59.72\00:21:00.99 Who do you make yourself out to be?'" 00:21:00.99\00:21:03.99 And that right there is the whole point of John's gospel. 00:21:03.99\00:21:08.23 Who do you think you are? 00:21:09.63\00:21:11.30 Who is this great moral teacher 00:21:11.30\00:21:13.20 who heals the sick and raises the dead? 00:21:13.20\00:21:16.00 Who is this man who claims that he has seen God the Father, 00:21:16.00\00:21:19.47 that he is one with God the Father, 00:21:19.47\00:21:22.01 and he can show us the character of God perfectly? 00:21:22.01\00:21:26.08 Let's continue. In verse 54, it says, "Jesus answered, 00:21:26.08\00:21:29.55 'If I honor myself, my honor is nothing. 00:21:29.55\00:21:32.22 It is my father who honors me of whom you say 00:21:32.22\00:21:34.96 that he is your father. 00:21:34.96\00:21:36.73 Yet you have not known him, but I know him. 00:21:36.73\00:21:39.76 And if I say I do not know him, I shall be a liar like you, 00:21:39.76\00:21:42.90 but I do know him and keep his word. 00:21:42.90\00:21:45.53 Your father Abraham, rejoice to see my day. 00:21:45.53\00:21:48.70 And he saw it and was glad.'" 00:21:48.70\00:21:52.24 Now don't miss what Jesus just said. 00:21:52.24\00:21:54.34 The nation of Israel claimed Abraham as their father, 00:21:54.34\00:21:56.88 as the one who established a covenant with God. 00:21:56.88\00:21:59.55 And now Jesus suddenly says that Abraham knew him. 00:21:59.55\00:22:03.95 And that's absolutely true. 00:22:03.95\00:22:05.79 In fact, in the 18th chapter of Genesis, 00:22:05.79\00:22:07.96 we see God himself paying Abraham a personal visit. 00:22:07.96\00:22:12.16 And when you sort through all the evidence 00:22:12.16\00:22:13.76 in both the Old and New Testaments, 00:22:13.76\00:22:15.46 it becomes pretty much obvious that it was Christ himself 00:22:15.46\00:22:19.57 who paid Abraham that visit. 00:22:19.57\00:22:21.84 And of course, these religious leaders knew that God 00:22:21.84\00:22:25.01 had spoken to Abraham, 00:22:25.01\00:22:26.78 and so this was really another claim to divinity. 00:22:26.78\00:22:30.55 Let's wrap it up now starting in verse 57. 00:22:30.55\00:22:33.55 "Then the Jew said to him, 'You are not yet 50 years old. 00:22:33.55\00:22:36.82 And have you seen Abraham?" 00:22:37.69\00:22:39.02 Jesus said to them, 00:22:39.02\00:22:40.52 'Most assuredly I say to you before Abraham was, I am.' 00:22:40.52\00:22:45.16 Then they took up stones to throw at him, 00:22:45.16\00:22:47.13 but Jesus hid himself and went out of the temple 00:22:47.13\00:22:49.50 going through the midst of them and so passed by." 00:22:49.50\00:22:52.63 So why did they suddenly try to stone Jesus? 00:22:53.80\00:22:56.54 It's because they thought he was guilty of blasphemy. 00:22:56.54\00:23:00.18 Blasphemy was the act of claiming to be God 00:23:00.18\00:23:03.08 or having attributes that belonged to God alone, 00:23:03.08\00:23:05.98 which is why Jesus also ran into trouble when he claimed 00:23:05.98\00:23:09.12 to have the power to forgive sin. 00:23:09.12\00:23:11.39 That was only the prerogative of God. 00:23:11.39\00:23:15.19 And just in case somebody might have missed what Jesus 00:23:15.19\00:23:17.59 was saying, he said, "Before Abraham was, I am." 00:23:17.59\00:23:22.30 That's the literal meaning of the Tetragrammaton, YHWH, 00:23:23.73\00:23:28.10 the four letter name of God. 00:23:28.10\00:23:30.34 And it's the name that God gave Moses when Moses asked, 00:23:30.34\00:23:33.68 who was speaking to him from the burning bush, the I am. 00:23:33.68\00:23:38.08 The I am is the self existent God, 00:23:38.08\00:23:41.08 the one who goes back to the far, far reaches of eternity, 00:23:41.08\00:23:44.82 the one who has no beginning or end. 00:23:44.82\00:23:48.12 Jesus just declared 00:23:48.12\00:23:50.39 that he was not only friends with Abraham 00:23:50.39\00:23:52.73 but he was the God who led the children of Israel 00:23:52.73\00:23:55.83 out of Egypt. 00:23:55.83\00:23:57.80 Part of me thinks that this might be the reason 00:23:57.80\00:24:00.60 that John doesn't provide us with a genealogy. 00:24:00.60\00:24:03.54 Matthew was demonstrating Jesus' legal right 00:24:03.54\00:24:06.04 to the throne of David. 00:24:06.04\00:24:07.68 Luke was demonstrating his ancestry 00:24:07.68\00:24:10.08 all the way back to Adam, 00:24:10.08\00:24:11.91 but John is focused on showing us God 00:24:11.91\00:24:15.68 who doesn't have the beginning. 00:24:15.68\00:24:17.72 Seven times, Jesus says "I am" in the gospel of John, 00:24:17.72\00:24:21.46 which is not a coincidence because seven 00:24:21.46\00:24:24.53 is the biblical number of completeness and perfection. 00:24:24.53\00:24:28.16 It's the number the Bible uses to point us to God. 00:24:28.16\00:24:31.60 And on one occasion in chapter 18, 00:24:31.60\00:24:34.14 when Jesus otters the words, "I am," 00:24:34.14\00:24:37.14 the crowd that came to arrest him 00:24:37.14\00:24:39.04 suddenly fell to the ground. 00:24:39.04\00:24:41.08 Now here's the story the way John tells it. 00:24:41.08\00:24:43.51 "Jesus therefore, knowing all things 00:24:43.51\00:24:45.85 that would come upon him 00:24:45.85\00:24:47.28 went forward and said to them, 'Whom are you seeking?' 00:24:47.28\00:24:50.32 They answered him, 'Jesus of Nazareth.' 00:24:50.32\00:24:52.55 Jesus said to them, 'I am he.'" 00:24:52.55\00:24:55.86 Now, the word he is applied. 00:24:55.86\00:24:57.59 It's not actually there in the original Greek. 00:24:57.59\00:24:59.83 The original just says "I am." 00:24:59.83\00:25:02.30 It continues. 00:25:02.30\00:25:03.80 "And Judas who betrayed him also stood with them. 00:25:03.80\00:25:07.17 Now, when he said to them, 'I am he,' 00:25:07.17\00:25:09.57 they drew back and fell to the ground." 00:25:09.57\00:25:12.64 Okay, time for one last break before we wrap things up. 00:25:12.64\00:25:15.81 So sit tight because I'm coming back right after this. 00:25:15.81\00:25:19.35 - [Announcer] Life can throw a lot at us. 00:25:22.68\00:25:25.09 Sometimes, we don't have all the answers, 00:25:25.09\00:25:28.46 but that's where the Bible comes in. 00:25:28.46\00:25:30.89 It's our guide to a more fulfilling life. 00:25:30.89\00:25:33.96 Here at The Voice of Prophecy, 00:25:33.96\00:25:35.50 we've created the Discover Bible guides to be your guide 00:25:35.50\00:25:38.33 to the Bible. 00:25:38.33\00:25:39.57 They're designed to be simple, easy to use, 00:25:39.57\00:25:41.74 and provide answers to many of life's toughest questions, 00:25:41.74\00:25:44.74 and they're absolutely free. 00:25:44.74\00:25:46.78 So jump online now or give us a call 00:25:46.78\00:25:49.14 and start your journey of discovery. 00:25:49.14\00:25:51.35 - To be honest, we could probably spend an entire year 00:25:52.71\00:25:55.25 in the gospel of John, exploring the various ways 00:25:55.25\00:25:58.22 that this favored disciple underlines the deity of Christ. 00:25:58.22\00:26:01.96 Jesus tells Nathaniel that he saw him sitting 00:26:01.96\00:26:04.46 under a fig tree without actually being there, 00:26:04.46\00:26:06.90 and then shortly after that, 00:26:06.90\00:26:08.33 he identifies himself as the ladder in Jacob's dream. 00:26:08.33\00:26:12.33 Then in chapter two, Jesus turns water into wine, 00:26:12.33\00:26:15.37 and then he cleanses the temple, 00:26:15.37\00:26:16.74 which he calls my father's house. 00:26:16.74\00:26:19.57 He tells Nicodemus that he has the power to recreate them, 00:26:19.57\00:26:23.14 which is where Christians get that expression born again, 00:26:23.14\00:26:26.88 and then Jesus heals a lame man by just speaking to him 00:26:26.88\00:26:31.19 the way the creator spoke the universe into existence. 00:26:31.19\00:26:35.59 John shows us a Jesus who can forgive sins. 00:26:35.59\00:26:38.69 He claims to be one with the Father, 00:26:38.69\00:26:40.60 and he raises his good friend Lazarus from the dead. 00:26:40.60\00:26:44.20 "Most assuredly Jesus said, 'I say to you, 00:26:44.20\00:26:47.37 the hour is coming and now is when the dead will hear 00:26:47.37\00:26:50.54 the voice of the Son of God and those who here will live. 00:26:50.54\00:26:54.68 For as the Father has life in himself. 00:26:54.68\00:26:56.58 So he has granted the Son to have life in himself 00:26:56.58\00:26:59.68 and has given him authority to execute judgment also 00:26:59.68\00:27:03.05 because he is the son of man.'" 00:27:03.05\00:27:05.92 In chapter five, Jesus says, "You've all read Moses. 00:27:05.92\00:27:08.79 Well, you should know that Moses was writing about me." 00:27:08.79\00:27:11.69 There's just no escaping this. 00:27:11.69\00:27:13.36 John believed Jesus is God. 00:27:13.36\00:27:16.16 Of course, there are critics who think the deity 00:27:16.16\00:27:18.33 of Christ was some kind of later invention, 00:27:18.33\00:27:20.44 something the church dreamed up at the Council of Nicaea. 00:27:20.44\00:27:24.27 But the only way you can believe that 00:27:24.27\00:27:26.07 is to ignore the gospel of John. 00:27:26.07\00:27:28.21 Because there's just no mistaking in it. 00:27:28.21\00:27:30.21 This is not describing a good man or a wise teacher. 00:27:30.21\00:27:33.75 It's describing God in human flesh, 00:27:33.75\00:27:37.32 which means that you and I don't have to seek a path to God 00:27:37.32\00:27:40.59 because he already found a path to us. 00:27:40.59\00:27:43.19 It was impossible for human beings to restore 00:27:43.19\00:27:45.29 their broken connection to God because our hearts 00:27:45.29\00:27:47.36 were so damaged when we stepped away from him. 00:27:47.36\00:27:50.07 We just didn't have the tools we needed 00:27:50.07\00:27:52.00 to make our way back. 00:27:52.00\00:27:53.87 So instead, God became one of us. 00:27:53.87\00:27:56.10 A real flesh and blood human being who is also fully God, 00:27:56.10\00:27:59.44 and he bridged the gap between God and humanity 00:27:59.44\00:28:02.04 so successfully that it changes everything. 00:28:02.04\00:28:05.61 That's why you should be reading John's account for yourself 00:28:05.61\00:28:08.28 and you better get comfy because I promise you, 00:28:08.28\00:28:10.45 if you're honest with the text, 00:28:10.45\00:28:12.05 you're gonna find an awful lot to think about. 00:28:12.05\00:28:14.62 [gentle music] 00:28:14.62\00:28:17.29