And comes from the DVD
series, "Awesome Science"
00:00:04.43\00:00:09.27
NOAH JUSTICE: We're here
in Hot Springs, South Dakota,
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at the mammoth site.
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Let's go check it out.
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In the 1970s, this
area was being cleared
00:00:21.82\00:00:24.85
for a housing development.
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But all construction stopped
when mammoth bones were found.
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As they unearthed
the area, it quickly
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became known as
one of the largest
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concentrations of
mammoth fossils in the world.
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Where did they come from?
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Why did they die here?
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Secular
scientists have used carbon
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dating to estimate
these mammoths died here
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26,000 years ago.
00:00:46.54\00:00:48.91
But with only 4,350
years since the Flood,
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how does it fit in
with the biblical worldview?
00:00:53.48\00:00:56.69
Are the dates we get
from carbon dating right?
00:00:56.79\00:00:59.35
What other factors can
give a more accurate date based
00:00:59.45\00:01:02.39
on the biblical time scale?
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Finally, we don't
see mammoths here today.
00:01:04.46\00:01:07.40
So what caused
them to go extinct?
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Does "The Bible" hold the key?
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Find out all this and
more next on "Awesome Science."
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"Awesome Science"
takes you on a field trip
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to some of the most amazing
geological and historic sites
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around the world where we
use "The Bible" as our history
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guidebook to
interpret what we see,
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that "The Bible" can be trusted
and empirical science falls
00:01:33.36\00:01:37.03
in line with the
biblical account of creation,
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the fall, and the flood.
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Science, it's awesome.
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[music playing]
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The southeastern
edge of South Dakota
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is known for many
famous sites-- Mt.
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Rushmore, Crazy Horse Memorial,
and Wind Cave National Park.
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But it's also
home to the largest
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find of mammoth fossils in
the world at the Mammoth site.
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In 1974, construction
crews were leveling this area
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in Hot Springs for a
new housing development
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when bones started
showing up in the dirt.
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Construction was
immediately postponed.
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And scientists were
brought in to examine the bones.
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The fossils were
quickly determined
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to be mammoth tusks and bones.
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Experts thought
that if there were
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a few bones on
the top of the soil,
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there must be more down below.
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Over a one year period they
began to excavate the earth.
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And the more they
dug, the more they found.
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The land owner, Phil Anderson,
realized his 14 acres of land
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would be more valuable as a
resource for scientific study
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rather than a
housing development.
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So a group was organized
to buy the land from Phil.
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Eventually a building
was erected over the site
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as scientists continued to dig.
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As they examined the
bones more carefully,
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they found mainly
Columbian mammoths, but also
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a few woolly
mammoths, This is the size
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of a Columbian mammoth.
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In addition, they have found a
number of other mammal fossils,
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some of which are extinct.
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So far over 60
mammoths have been discovered.
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But it is estimated
that over 100 died there.
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Digging still
continues at this site today.
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So what happened here?
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How did so many
mammoths die in this one spot?
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When you visit the site,
you will see many references
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to the millions
of years of evolution
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with no consideration
for the biblical worldview.
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This doesn't
mean you can't trust
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some of the
scientific methods they used,
00:04:05.51\00:04:07.74
but it's important to realize
the worldview the visitor
00:04:07.84\00:04:10.28
center presents.
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As the
paleontologists began to dig,
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they wanted to know why so many
fossils were in the same place.
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As the examined the sediments
and geology of the area,
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they began to form a theory.
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hot Springs is known for its
underground springs and mineral
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water.
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Underground
springs have been known
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to wear away rock
layers below the surface,
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creating a cavity,
or cave, underground.
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Eventually, the
top rock layer can
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fall into the cavity causing
a sink hole in the ground.
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These sinkholes can
then fill in with Water
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after examining the
geology at the site,
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it is thought that this area
was once one of these sinkholes
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where the
mammoths and other mammals
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fell into and couldn't get out.
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So they died here.
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Back when mammoths were roaming
the area during the Ice Age,
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this area of South
Dakota had a different climate.
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Because of the
flora fossil evidence,
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it's been suggested this
area was once a cold, treeless,
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grassland with scrubby brush.
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To the south, were
temperate grasslands.
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This is much
different than today
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where we find
pine studded forests
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and semi-arid grasslands.
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Scientists have suggested,
from the fossil evidence,
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that many of these
mammoths were traveling
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through here around the first
snow of winter or early spring.
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There were probably not
a lot of grasses and plants
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to eat at that time of year.
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The sinkhole
provided warm water,
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estimated to be
at least 95 degrees,
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with fresh grass on the edges.
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The mammoths and other
creatures were looking for food.
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So they went down for a bite.
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When they got down, they
quickly ran into thick mud.
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They could have
gotten stuck in the mud
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and unable to climb the steep
slippery walls out of the hole.
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So they died there.
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Other mammals fell in as
well, possibly looking for food
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or even munching
on a stranded mammoth.
00:06:03.76\00:06:06.63
Based on the bones
and teeth, scientists
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have been able to determine all
these mammoths were young adult
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males.
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Based on the
behavior of elephant herds,
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it is known that young
adult males are often kicked out
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of a herd and travel
alone or together until they
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formed their own herds.
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Young adult
mammoths would probably not
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have the wisdom or
herd protection to avoid
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the danger of a sinkhole.
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Seeing food down
below, they likely
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walked right into a trap.
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It is thought that this sinkhole
was open for 300-700 years.
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But the
preservation of the bones
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may indicate a
much quicker demise.
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The story we
just reviewed is based
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on the ideas of
secular scientists
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who believe this all
happened 26,000 years ago.
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They assume this long age
because of their worldview.
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But when we use a
biblical worldview,
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we can accept many of the
interpretations of observations
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made here at the mammoth site.
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Only our time
scale is different.
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"The Bible" indicates
that about 4,350 years ago,
00:07:10.06\00:07:14.30
the global flood
destroyed the entire earth.
00:07:14.40\00:07:17.50
All the people
and land animals died
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except for Noah, his family,
and the animals on the ark.
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Fossil evidence from the Flood
indicates the earth probably
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had a much more temperate
environment before the Flood
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with very little
dramatic seasonal changes.
00:07:30.38\00:07:32.95
But after the Flood, the
climate changed drastically.
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With the catastrophic
geologic activities going on
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during the Flood, and
their waning thereafter,
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the oceans heated up,
providing perfect conditions
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for increased
evaporation that resulted
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in a massive
amount of snow and ice
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accumulating in the mountains.
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So that 30% of the
continents were eventually
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covered in ice in
less than 300 years.
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The animals came off the ark
and began to multiply and spread
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across the globe.
00:08:02.08\00:08:03.35
The water trapped in the
ice caused the ocean levels
00:08:03.45\00:08:06.41
to be lowered by up to
300 feet below what it is now,
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resulting in some of the
continental shelves being
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exposed.
00:08:12.82\00:08:14.12
The Bering Strait area, between
modern day Russia and Alaska,
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was dry land.
00:08:17.99\00:08:18.93
And animals and
man could walk across.
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In addition, during the
first part of the Ice Age,
00:08:21.83\00:08:24.67
there was an ice free
corridor along the east side
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of the Rocky Mountains.
00:08:27.54\00:08:28.64
Many animals and humans
came through this corridor
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into what is now
America and Mexico.
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Eventually, they made
it into South America.
00:08:34.51\00:08:36.98
Later in the Ice
Age, this corridor
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was cut off by the Laurentide
and Cordilleran ice sheets
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coming together.
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The Columbian mammoths,
which have shorter hair,
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moved south while a
majority of the woolly mammoths
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were able to tolerate cooler
temperatures in the north.
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From the fossil
evidence, we are fairly
00:08:53.46\00:08:55.43
confident that the
area north of the ice sheets
00:08:55.53\00:08:58.17
was covered
with vast grasslands.
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And only later, at
the end of the Ice Age
00:09:00.50\00:09:02.44
did it grow very cold.
00:09:02.54\00:09:04.37
Several thousand years
ago, this area of South Dakota
00:09:04.47\00:09:07.68
was near the
southern edge of the ice sheet
00:09:07.78\00:09:09.78
were mostly
Columbian mammoths roamed.
00:09:09.88\00:09:12.35
But this was not
26,000 years ago,
00:09:12.45\00:09:15.02
it was only a few thousand
years ago in the centuries right
00:09:15.12\00:09:17.75
after the flood.
00:09:17.85\00:09:18.55
Excavation of fossils
here at the Mammoth Site
00:09:23.12\00:09:25.53
has been happening since 1975.
00:09:25.63\00:09:28.40
Many of the
mammoth bones have been
00:09:28.50\00:09:30.13
left where they are found
for study and for visitors
00:09:30.23\00:09:33.37
to observe.
00:09:33.47\00:09:34.80
If bones are
taken from the ground,
00:09:34.90\00:09:36.94
they're quickly
prepared for preservation.
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Every bone has
been mapped carefully.
00:09:40.08\00:09:41.94
And the data
processed in a computer
00:09:42.04\00:09:44.01
to give the scientists a
3D rendering of the area,
00:09:44.11\00:09:46.88
showing the positions
the mammoths were buried in.
00:09:46.98\00:09:50.65
Exposing the bones is
a painstaking process.
00:09:50.75\00:09:54.16
Workers remove
the surrounding dirt
00:09:54.26\00:09:55.89
with trowels and small brooms.
00:09:55.99\00:09:58.39
For delicate work,
they use small dental tools
00:09:58.49\00:10:01.03
and soft brushes taking care not
to chip the bone or ivory which
00:10:01.13\00:10:05.37
can be very brittle.
00:10:05.47\00:10:07.07
Once the sediment is
removed, workers paint the bone
00:10:07.17\00:10:09.94
with a protective resin
to give the delicate fossil
00:10:10.04\00:10:12.77
added strength.
00:10:12.87\00:10:14.08
The Mammoth Site is very
unique in that many fossils are
00:10:14.18\00:10:17.28
scattered among a
small area and easy to find.
00:10:17.38\00:10:20.95
The sinkhole area
provides a great place for us
00:10:21.05\00:10:23.75
to study the
mammoths since they all
00:10:23.85\00:10:25.85
died so close to one another.
00:10:25.95\00:10:27.69
Radio carbon dating was
used by secular scientists
00:10:32.06\00:10:35.16
here at the site to conclude
these fossils are about 26,000
00:10:35.26\00:10:39.27
years old.
00:10:39.37\00:10:40.57
Since "The Bible" indicates
the Flood happened around
00:10:40.67\00:10:43.04
4,350 years ago, the
events here the Mammoth Site
00:10:43.14\00:10:47.08
had to have
happened since that time.
00:10:47.18\00:10:49.48
The very fact that these
fossils are near the surface
00:10:49.58\00:10:52.45
tells us that they
died after the flood,
00:10:52.55\00:10:55.58
because the Flood laid down
thousands of feet of sediments
00:10:55.68\00:10:58.49
below these mammoth fossils.
00:10:58.59\00:11:00.69
So how do we know
for sure the actual date
00:11:00.79\00:11:03.43
these mammoths died?
00:11:03.53\00:11:05.06
If we are going to accept the
secular scientists' ages based
00:11:05.16\00:11:08.60
on carbon-14 dating, then
it is important to understand
00:11:08.70\00:11:11.70
how carbon dating works and
what the numbers really mean.
00:11:11.80\00:11:15.17
First of all how
is carbon-14 produced?
00:11:15.27\00:11:18.41
When cosmic rays
bombard the Earth's atmosphere,
00:11:18.51\00:11:21.14
they produce
fast moving neutrons.
00:11:21.24\00:11:23.45
These excited neutrons
then collide with nitrogen atoms
00:11:23.55\00:11:26.58
in the atmosphere changing
them into radioactive carbon-14
00:11:26.68\00:11:30.12
atoms, which then
bond with oxygen atoms
00:11:30.22\00:11:32.55
to make carbon dioxide.
00:11:32.65\00:11:34.62
Plants absorb
this carbon dioxide,
00:11:34.72\00:11:36.56
containing carbon-14,
during photosynthesis,
00:11:36.66\00:11:39.53
as well as carbon-12, the
most common isotope of carbon.
00:11:39.63\00:11:43.13
When animals eat the plants, the
carbon-14 enters their bodies.
00:11:43.23\00:11:47.74
You can only use
radiocarbon dating
00:11:47.84\00:11:50.11
to determine the age of
things that were once alive.
00:11:50.21\00:11:53.31
Different radiometric dating
methods are used to date rocks.
00:11:53.41\00:11:57.31
The carbon-14 in the
bodies of the animals
00:11:57.41\00:11:59.71
breaks down into nitrogen-14
and escapes at the same rate
00:11:59.81\00:12:03.42
as new carbon-14 is added.
00:12:03.52\00:12:05.45
So the level of
carbon-14 remained stable.
00:12:05.55\00:12:08.82
When an animal
dies, the carbon-14
00:12:08.92\00:12:10.99
continues to break down
to nitrogen-14 and escapes
00:12:11.09\00:12:14.30
while no new carbon-14 is added.
00:12:14.40\00:12:16.83
By measuring the amounts
of carbon-14 and carbon-12
00:12:16.93\00:12:20.10
in a sample, and
then comparing them
00:12:20.20\00:12:22.27
to the amounts of carbon-14 and
carbon-12 in organisms today,
00:12:22.37\00:12:26.41
scientists calculate how
long ago the animal died.
00:12:26.51\00:12:29.64
But not all radiocarbon
atoms decay at the same rate.
00:12:29.74\00:12:33.58
Each carbon-14 atom
reverts to nitrogen-14
00:12:33.68\00:12:36.85
at a different time.
00:12:36.95\00:12:38.09
So radiocarbon decay is
considered a random process.
00:12:38.19\00:12:41.62
A special instrument called an
accelerator mass spectrometer,
00:12:41.72\00:12:45.03
or AMS, is used
to measure the ratio
00:12:45.13\00:12:47.96
of these isotopes of carbon in a
sample, like the mammoth bones.
00:12:48.03\00:12:51.93
The decay of carbon-14 into
nitrogen-14 can be measured.
00:12:52.03\00:12:56.47
And we can
determine that rate of decay.
00:12:56.57\00:13:00.78
The time it takes for half
of the radiocarbon to decay
00:13:00.88\00:13:03.65
is called a half life.
00:13:03.75\00:13:05.18
The half-life of
radiocarbon is 5,730 years.
00:13:05.28\00:13:09.45
If you started with 1,000 atoms
of carbon-14, in 5,730 years
00:13:09.55\00:13:15.39
you would have only
about 500 remaining.
00:13:15.49\00:13:18.29
Dating dead
things that are supposed
00:13:18.39\00:13:20.16
to be millions of years
old is considered impossible
00:13:20.26\00:13:23.26
with radiocarbon dating
because the half-life is
00:13:23.37\00:13:26.13
just a few thousand years.
00:13:26.23\00:13:27.97
There should be no
radiocarbon in a bone that
00:13:28.07\00:13:30.24
is millions of years old.
00:13:30.34\00:13:32.17
Yet secular
scientists claim they can still
00:13:32.27\00:13:34.58
date dead things
using radiocarbon dating
00:13:34.68\00:13:37.18
and get ages of tens
of thousands of years.
00:13:37.28\00:13:40.62
But there is a
catch here, because there
00:13:40.72\00:13:42.28
are some basic assumptions
made by the scientists
00:13:42.38\00:13:45.05
when radiocarbon dating is used.
00:13:45.15\00:13:47.99
First, they assume
carbon-14 has always
00:13:48.09\00:13:50.63
been produced at the same
rate that is being produced now.
00:13:50.73\00:13:53.96
Second, they
assume that there was
00:13:54.03\00:13:55.73
no contamination of the
sample by outside sources
00:13:55.83\00:13:58.67
of carbon-14.
00:13:58.77\00:14:00.14
If they get
dates that don't match
00:14:00.24\00:14:01.94
with their assumptions
of how old something is,
00:14:02.04\00:14:04.37
they say it was contaminated.
00:14:04.47\00:14:06.71
Third, they assume
they know the amount
00:14:06.81\00:14:08.58
of carbon-14 the
specimen started with.
00:14:08.68\00:14:11.98
Think of an hourglass.
00:14:12.08\00:14:13.55
If you walk into a room and
see the sand moving from the top
00:14:13.65\00:14:16.85
to the bottom, but
you didn't see it start,
00:14:16.95\00:14:19.29
you don't know
how long it's been
00:14:19.39\00:14:20.69
going because you
don't know how much was
00:14:20.79\00:14:22.66
in there in the beginning.
00:14:22.76\00:14:24.69
Fourth, they
assume the atmosphere
00:14:24.79\00:14:26.53
has had the same carbon-14
concentration in the past
00:14:26.63\00:14:29.70
as it does now.
00:14:29.80\00:14:31.07
And fifth, the
biosphere, or place on Earth
00:14:31.17\00:14:33.67
where organisms
live, has always had
00:14:33.77\00:14:35.74
the same overall
carbon-14 concentration
00:14:35.84\00:14:38.14
as the atmosphere.
00:14:38.24\00:14:39.84
These are big assumptions.
00:14:39.94\00:14:41.24
And an error in any
one of them would cause
00:14:41.34\00:14:43.78
dates that aren't reliable.
00:14:43.88\00:14:45.98
For instance,
scientists have now
00:14:46.08\00:14:47.88
documented that the atmosphere's
concentration of carbon-14
00:14:47.98\00:14:51.32
varies considerably
according to the latitude.
00:14:51.42\00:14:54.89
They have also determined
several geophysical causes
00:14:54.99\00:14:57.79
for past and
present fluctuations
00:14:57.89\00:14:59.63
in carbon-14
production in the atmosphere.
00:14:59.73\00:15:02.73
They attempt to correct
their calculations based
00:15:02.83\00:15:05.23
on these ideas,
but they are still
00:15:05.33\00:15:07.20
using unprovable assumptions.
00:15:07.30\00:15:09.74
If we used "The
Bible" as our authority
00:15:09.84\00:15:11.81
on the age of
these mammoths, we know
00:15:11.91\00:15:13.84
that there are less than
4,350 years old because they
00:15:13.94\00:15:17.71
died after the Flood.
00:15:17.81\00:15:20.02
This program is
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An organization committed
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science-focused
television content
00:15:27.92\00:15:30.13
all from a Biblical worldview.
00:15:30.13\00:15:32.29
Awesome Science is our kids
series hosted by Noah Justice
00:15:32.29\00:15:36.23
In every episode, Noah
visits the national parks
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and historical sites
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00:15:39.17\00:15:41.97
earth's history
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00:16:00.29\00:16:04.99
segments. Thanks for visiting.
We hope you enjoy our great
00:16:04.99\00:16:09.16
content. With our Bible as the
guide on the age of the Earth,
00:16:10.57\00:16:12.93
we can also use other
scientific investigations
00:16:13.03\00:16:15.77
that show
radiocarbon dating may not
00:16:15.87\00:16:17.77
be the most reliable
method for dating these fossils.
00:16:17.87\00:16:21.24
We know from
measurements, for instance,
00:16:21.34\00:16:23.28
that the Earth's magnetic
field is decreasing by half
00:16:23.38\00:16:26.28
in strength every 1,400 years.
00:16:26.38\00:16:28.82
That means 1,400 years
ago, it was twice as strong
00:16:28.92\00:16:32.12
as it is now and four
times as strong 2,800 years ago.
00:16:32.22\00:16:36.66
Also, sunspots will affect
the earth's magnetic field.
00:16:36.76\00:16:40.10
How do these factors
affect the radiocarbon numbers?
00:16:40.20\00:16:43.60
The magnetic field
partially shields the earth
00:16:43.70\00:16:46.00
from the influx of
cosmic rays, the rays that
00:16:46.10\00:16:48.80
change nitrogen atoms into
radioactive carbon-14 atoms.
00:16:48.90\00:16:52.61
A stronger
magnetic field in the past
00:16:52.71\00:16:54.91
would have reduced
the influx of cosmic rays
00:16:55.01\00:16:57.38
into the atmosphere,
which would have reduced
00:16:57.48\00:16:59.58
the amount of radiocarbon
produced in the atmosphere,
00:16:59.68\00:17:02.42
lowering the amount of
carbon-14 entering the biosphere
00:17:02.52\00:17:05.52
on the Earth's surface.
00:17:05.62\00:17:07.49
Finally, the catastrophic Flood
would have buried almost all
00:17:07.59\00:17:10.63
of the carbon in
the pre-Flood biosphere.
00:17:10.73\00:17:13.40
A teeny
percentage of this carbon
00:17:13.50\00:17:15.10
would have been
carbon-14, but mostly carbon-12
00:17:15.20\00:17:18.17
which makes up
98.9% of all carbon atoms.
00:17:18.27\00:17:22.40
Carbon-12 is stable and does
not undergo radiometric decay.
00:17:22.50\00:17:27.24
We can see, today, the size
of the coal beds, oil deposits,
00:17:27.34\00:17:31.08
oil shale, natural
gas deposits, and all
00:17:31.18\00:17:34.55
of the fossils in limestones
and other sedimentary rocks
00:17:34.65\00:17:37.89
indicating the huge
quantity of plants and animals
00:17:37.99\00:17:40.92
that must have been
alive when the Flood struck.
00:17:41.02\00:17:43.46
There was likely
500 times more carbon
00:17:43.56\00:17:46.16
in the pre-Flood
biosphere than what
00:17:46.26\00:17:47.96
we see in our biosphere today.
00:17:48.06\00:17:50.27
If there was so
much more carbon-12
00:17:50.37\00:17:52.27
in the pre-Flood
biosphere, then the proportion
00:17:52.37\00:17:54.60
of carbon-14 to carbon-12 would
have been very much smaller
00:17:54.70\00:17:57.71
than the proportion
in today's biosphere.
00:17:57.81\00:18:00.64
Why?
00:18:00.74\00:18:01.78
Because the earth had
so much more plant life.
00:18:01.88\00:18:04.01
And carbon-14 production
was greatly reduced back then
00:18:04.11\00:18:07.35
because the Earth's magnetic
field was so much stronger.
00:18:07.45\00:18:11.19
Because secular scientists
don't consider the Flood
00:18:11.29\00:18:13.76
as an actual event,
they would assume the plants
00:18:13.86\00:18:16.49
buried in the coal beds had
the same proportion of carbon-14
00:18:16.59\00:18:19.89
as plants do today.
00:18:20.00\00:18:21.50
And their radiocarbon dating
would yield ages much higher
00:18:21.60\00:18:24.80
than the true
biblical age of the Flood.
00:18:24.90\00:18:27.14
So in the case of the mammoths
found at the hot springs,
00:18:27.24\00:18:29.94
because they
lived after the Flood,
00:18:30.04\00:18:32.01
the 26,000 year age
is inaccurate, mainly
00:18:32.11\00:18:35.58
due to the change in the earth's
magnetic field since the Flood,
00:18:35.68\00:18:39.45
and the inaccurate assumptions
used by secular scientists.
00:18:39.55\00:18:43.32
Using the
biblical time scale allows
00:18:43.42\00:18:45.49
us to be much more accurate
in dating these mammoths.
00:18:45.59\00:18:48.59
Science, it's awesome.
00:18:48.69\00:18:50.23
In Genesis 1, on Day 6, God made
all the land dwelling animals.
00:18:54.93\00:19:00.47
This would have
included the kind of animal
00:19:00.57\00:19:02.57
which could have looked
something like an elephant.
00:19:02.67\00:19:05.34
The modern day
scientific order for all animals
00:19:05.44\00:19:08.21
fitting into this kind
is called proboscideans,
00:19:08.31\00:19:11.15
which means an animal with a
long, flexible snout or trunk.
00:19:11.25\00:19:14.92
The better known proboscideans
are elephants, mastodons,
00:19:15.02\00:19:18.32
the Columbian mammoth,
and the woolly mammoth.
00:19:18.42\00:19:20.92
Secular biologists say
that modern day elephants didn't
00:19:21.02\00:19:24.53
descend from the mammoths.
00:19:24.63\00:19:26.09
And that's probably correct.
00:19:26.19\00:19:28.06
But they do
share a common ancestor
00:19:28.16\00:19:30.00
from the same created kind.
00:19:30.10\00:19:31.97
When it was time for Noah
to load the animals on the ark,
00:19:32.07\00:19:34.77
he only took a male and
female of the elephant kind.
00:19:34.87\00:19:37.91
In these two
animals, was the DNA
00:19:38.01\00:19:40.11
to produce the subsequent
varieties in the elephant kind
00:19:40.21\00:19:43.18
from the mastodon,
to the African elephant,
00:19:43.28\00:19:46.01
and the Columbian
and woolly mammoths.
00:19:46.11\00:19:48.78
Once off the ark, these
animals of the elephant kind
00:19:48.88\00:19:52.09
reproduced.
00:19:52.19\00:19:53.32
With the variety of
characteristics in their genes,
00:19:53.42\00:19:55.52
some descendents had
thicker hair and larger builds,
00:19:55.62\00:19:58.79
while other descendents had
smaller builds and little hair.
00:19:58.89\00:20:02.23
As these animals
continued to reproduce
00:20:02.33\00:20:04.73
and spread out into different
areas with various climates,
00:20:04.83\00:20:08.10
certain traits became dominant.
00:20:08.20\00:20:10.04
And unique populations
developed around the globe.
00:20:10.14\00:20:13.44
Those with long hair would
not survive in the hot areas
00:20:13.54\00:20:16.44
very well, but
thrived in colder climates.
00:20:16.54\00:20:19.31
While those with little
hair would be better suited
00:20:19.41\00:20:21.58
to warmer climates.
00:20:21.68\00:20:23.25
The same
distribution of genetic traits
00:20:23.35\00:20:25.55
can be seen today with
humans around the world.
00:20:25.65\00:20:28.72
Humans are dark and
light, tall and small,
00:20:28.82\00:20:32.69
and all degrees of hairy.
00:20:32.79\00:20:34.73
We called people with similar
characteristics people groups
00:20:34.83\00:20:37.90
rather than
different races, because we all
00:20:38.00\00:20:40.14
came from the same original
pair of humans, Adam and Eve.
00:20:40.24\00:20:43.64
There is only one human race.
00:20:43.74\00:20:46.34
Secular biologists will say that
the evolution of proboscideans
00:20:46.44\00:20:50.48
occurred over a 70
million year period
00:20:50.58\00:20:53.05
because they hold
to a worldview that
00:20:53.15\00:20:54.85
embraces
uniformitarianism, which
00:20:54.95\00:20:56.92
says that
everything we see today
00:20:57.02\00:20:59.09
came about from slow
and gradual processes.
00:20:59.19\00:21:02.49
But as we look back
in the fossil record,
00:21:02.59\00:21:04.96
all we find are clear specimens
of the proboscidean kind,
00:21:05.06\00:21:08.36
not of any in-between
or transitional forms.
00:21:08.46\00:21:11.60
This would be consistent
with the biblical record
00:21:11.70\00:21:13.97
of the elephant
kind being created by God
00:21:14.07\00:21:16.60
just a few thousand years ago.
00:21:16.71\00:21:18.34
So how could you tell a
mammoth from a mastodon?
00:21:18.44\00:21:21.74
The mammoth's genes
produced large, flat teeth
00:21:21.84\00:21:24.75
suitable for shearing
and grinding grass for food.
00:21:24.85\00:21:27.68
The mastodon, on
the other hand, had
00:21:27.78\00:21:29.68
teeth with high pointed ridges.
00:21:29.78\00:21:31.92
These teeth allow
the mastodon to eat
00:21:32.02\00:21:33.86
a lot of things the mammoths
could not chew effectively,
00:21:33.96\00:21:36.76
including branches,
twigs, leaves, and roots.
00:21:36.86\00:21:40.93
The theory of evolution
says that animals gradually
00:21:41.00\00:21:44.00
developed new characteristics
through mutations
00:21:44.10\00:21:46.60
in their DNA that
allowed them to survive
00:21:46.70\00:21:48.87
in various environments.
00:21:48.97\00:21:50.34
But this is
biologically impossible.
00:21:50.44\00:21:52.77
Evolutionists believe
that random changes in the DNA
00:21:52.87\00:21:55.74
slowly accumulated to add
new features like ears, legs,
00:21:55.84\00:21:59.88
trunks, and tusks,
to form an elephant.
00:22:00.05\00:22:02.58
But this is based on the belief
that all organisms on Earth
00:22:02.68\00:22:05.79
share a common ancestor, not
on actual observable evidence.
00:22:05.89\00:22:11.06
Based on
observational science, we
00:22:11.16\00:22:13.19
know that mutations
tend to remove information
00:22:13.29\00:22:15.76
from the DNA of creatures.
00:22:15.86\00:22:17.33
And that those mutations cannot
create new traits like a trunk
00:22:17.43\00:22:21.07
from an animal
that never had one.
00:22:21.17\00:22:23.61
The Mammoth Site in
Hot Springs, South Dakota,
00:22:23.87\00:22:26.57
is a unique
location that gives us
00:22:26.68\00:22:28.88
a glimpse into life at
the end of the Ice Age.
00:22:28.98\00:22:31.75
Very few places on earth
give us such a collection
00:22:31.85\00:22:34.75
of mammoth
fossils so well-preserved.
00:22:34.85\00:22:37.82
Secular
scientists look at this site
00:22:37.92\00:22:40.16
and think in terms of
tens of thousands of years
00:22:40.26\00:22:43.19
and many ice
ages in Earth's past.
00:22:43.29\00:22:45.89
But their dating
methods and ideas about the past
00:22:45.99\00:22:49.33
just don't match
up with the facts.
00:22:49.43\00:22:51.90
The biblical time scale
of only a few thousand years
00:22:52.00\00:22:55.00
with catastrophic events
explains the evidence the best.
00:22:55.10\00:22:58.71
The Flood gives us the
right conditions for an Ice Age
00:22:58.81\00:23:01.78
to quickly develop
after the great deluge.
00:23:01.88\00:23:04.51
The retreating
of the Ice Age helps
00:23:04.61\00:23:06.35
us understand how the
mammoths and many other mammals
00:23:06.45\00:23:09.62
went extinct because
of the huge dust storms.
00:23:09.72\00:23:12.95
The world wide
Flood itself wiped out
00:23:13.05\00:23:15.32
most life on earth except
for one man and his family,
00:23:15.42\00:23:19.16
and representatives of
every land animal on the ark.
00:23:19.26\00:23:22.76
The ark shows us
evidence of God's love
00:23:22.86\00:23:25.40
and grace to the human race.
00:23:25.50\00:23:27.60
God could have wiped man totally
off the face of the Earth,
00:23:27.70\00:23:31.17
but He chose to save Noah,
his family, and the animals
00:23:31.27\00:23:34.94
from utter destruction.
00:23:35.04\00:23:36.95
"The Bible" tells us that there
is another destruction coming
00:23:37.05\00:23:40.05
because of God's judgment
against sin and rebellion.
00:23:40.15\00:23:43.75
And just as God
provided an ark for Noah,
00:23:43.85\00:23:46.79
God has exercised His
love and grace toward man
00:23:46.89\00:23:50.33
by providing His
Son, Jesus Christ,
00:23:50.43\00:23:52.73
to receive the
punishment for our sins.
00:23:52.83\00:23:55.26
Men back in Noah's day could've
turned from their evil ways
00:23:55.36\00:23:59.20
and been saved from the
flood by getting on the ark.
00:23:59.30\00:24:02.67
But all refused God's grace.
00:24:02.77\00:24:05.47
"The Bible" tells us that we
can repent of our sinful heart
00:24:05.57\00:24:08.88
and turn towards a
loving God confessing,
00:24:08.98\00:24:11.48
that Jesus died for our sins,
and turning to Him by faith.
00:24:11.58\00:24:15.58
We shouldn't repent
and turn to God simply
00:24:15.68\00:24:18.39
to avoid the coming destruction.
00:24:18.49\00:24:20.66
But we should turn to
God because we realize
00:24:20.76\00:24:23.39
we are sinful and in
great need of God's salvation
00:24:23.49\00:24:26.66
through Jesus.
00:24:26.76\00:24:28.26
If you have not
done so already, we
00:24:28.36\00:24:30.40
invite you to repent
and turn to God today
00:24:30.50\00:24:33.30
through faith in His Son, Jesus.
00:24:33.40\00:24:35.27
Awesome Science is a
video series produced by
00:24:35.97\00:24:38.94
Awesome Science Media
produces many other great shows,
00:24:40.64\00:24:44.31
Ark Animals
00:24:52.25\00:24:53.49
We broadcast our
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00:24:57.66\00:25:00.50
on television networks, TV
stations, and online platforms.
00:25:00.50\00:25:05.27
We're making a difference
by challenging the deceptive
00:25:05.27\00:25:08.70
evolutionary worldview, which
directly opposes the Word of God
00:25:08.80\00:25:13.21
Our mission is to provide
youth with a firm foundation
00:25:13.21\00:25:16.78
based on solid scientific
evidence that supports their
00:25:16.78\00:25:20.15
Biblical worldview. We
also want to encourage youth
00:25:20.15\00:25:23.89
to pursue the Truth, and maybe
even make a career from their
00:25:23.89\00:25:27.52
interest in
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00:25:27.52\00:25:29.76
Thank you for watcing our shows.
00:25:29.76\00:25:32.16
Please keep up with us as we
continue to build new content
00:25:32.16\00:25:35.46
which builds up your
faith in the Word of God.
00:25:35.46\00:25:38.57
Join us next time as we
continue to examine our world
00:25:39.37\00:25:42.20
through a biblical world view.
00:25:42.30\00:25:43.87
And remember
science, it's awesome.
00:25:43.97\00:25:46.91
[music playing]
00:25:47.01\00:25:49.38